RepoMed (Medizinische Hochschule Hannover)
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Experimentelle Untersuchung der Eignung von Minischrauben zur Verankerung von Mini-Stereotaxiesystemen an der lateralen Schädelbasis
Full text linkFocused attention in late-diagnosed adults with autism spectrum disorder - a matter of reaction time?
No full textThis study examined focused attentional profiles in adults with late-diagnosed autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability and compared them to a matched non-autistic control group (NC) using the Test Battery for Attention Performance (TAP). The study included 37 individuals with ASD and 34 NC. File format: .sav; abbreviations and units in file
Initial evidence for neural correlates following a therapeutic intervention: altered resting state functional connectivity in the default mode network following attention training technique
Full text linkGenerierung eines SARS-CoV-2 Repliconsystems und die Etablierung eines neuen CRISPR/Cas-Systems gegen respiratorische RNA-Viren
Full text linkInduced pluripotent stem cells for the generation of inner ear sensory cells and modelling of fabry disease
Full text linkChronic lung allograft dysfunction after lung transplantation - prevention, diagnosis and treatment in 44 European centers
Full text linkBackground: There is limited data on optimal management of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). We aimed to describe the variability of diagnostic and therapeutic practices in Europe. Methods: A structured questionnaire was sent to 71 centers in 24 countries. Questions were related to contemporary clinical practices for work-up, monitoring and treatment of CLAD. Number of lung transplant (LTx) procedures, patients in follow-up were collected. Results: Forty-four centers (62%) responded from 20 countries, representing 74% of European activity. The prevalence of CLAD was estimated at 9.1 cases per million population (25th and 75th percentiles 4.4-15.7). Preferred initial work-up for probable CLAD consisted of chest CT (inspiratory 91%, expiratory 74%), donor-specific antibody (DSA) measurement (86%), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) (85%), and transbronchial biopsy (81%). For monitoring of definite CLAD, inspiratory CT (67%), DSA (61%), and BAL (43%) were preferred. Body plethysmography was unavailable for 16% of cases. Prophylaxis was based on preventing infections (CMV 99%, inhaled antibiotics 70% and antifungals 65%), tacrolimus-based immunosuppression (96%), azithromycin (72%), and universal proton pump inhibitor treatment (84%). First-line treatment of CLAD was based on azithromycin (82%) and steroid augmentation (74%). Photopheresis was used in 26% of cases. Conclusion: Current European practice CLAD detection is based on spirometry, inspiratory CT and DSA, with limited access to plethysmography and expiratory CT. Prophylactic treatment is based on azithromycin, tacrolimus-based immunosuppression, and treatment of risk factors. No single treatment strategy is universally used, highlighting the need for an effective treatment of CLAD. The preferred first-line strategy is azithromycin and steroid augmentation
Biocompatible liquid-infused titanium minimizes oral biofilm adhesion in flow chamber and 3D implant-tissue-biofilm in vitro models
Full text linkBiomedical implants are susceptible to bacterial colonization, which can lead to challenging implant-associated infections. In particular, dental implant abutments - which are continuously exposed to bacteria within the oral cavity - stand to greatly benefit from strategies which inhibit the development of bacterial biofilms. Liquid-infused titanium surfaces have demonstrated excellent biofilm repellency, but to date have not been analyzed with substances suitable for medical device approval in terms of biocompatibility under conditions mimicking the environment of dental implant abutments. In this study, different medical-grade lubricants coated onto laser-structured titanium were screened for stability and water-repellency - with the results suggesting that unmodified structured titanium coated with silicone oil was the most promising combination of materials. When analyzing biofilm formation, the coated surfaces showed a statistically significant reduction in oral commensal Streptococcus oralis biofilms grown under static conditions as well as oral multispecies biofilms grown under salivation-resembling flow conditions. This biofilm-reducing effect was also observed when the coated surface interfaced with a 3D implant-tissue-oral-bacterial-biofilm (INTERbACT) in vitro model, which allows for the direct interaction of human tissue and oral multispecies biofilm at the implant interface. Importantly, this biofilm reduction was not due to toxicity of the coated surfaces, but is most likely attributable to inhibition of bacterial attachment. Additionally, the surfaces were not cytotoxic, without altering adjacent soft tissue or causing elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. These findings highlight the promise of biocompatible liquid-infused titanium surfaces as biofilm-repellent implant abutment modifications and provide the basis for further investigations in targeted pre-clinical studies
Sollte die Indikation zum elektiven, offenen Ersatz der thorakalen Aorta descendens in Zeiten der endovaskulären Versorgungsmöglichkeit breiter gestellt werden?
Full text linkInconsistency was more prevalent than reported: an empirical study of 57 networks with multiple treatments using the node-splitting approach and a novel interpretation index
Full text linkBackground Inconsistency has been reported to be ubiquitous in network meta-analysis. However, this evidence is based on statistical tests for inconsistency with well-documented power limitations. A novel interpretation index was developed that is founded on the Kullback–Leibler divergence measure and warrants a semi-objective decision about the extent of inconsistency as acceptably low or material when statistical tests are underpowered. The prevalence of local inconsistency was investigated using the synergy of the Bayesian node-splitting approach with the newly proposed interpretation index. The results were also contrasted with inferences drawn from the ‘stand- ard decision-making approach’ about the presence of inconsistency. Methods The nmadb R package was considered to obtain the sample of 57 networks on a binary outcome. The Bayesian node-splitting approach was initially applied to each network to estimate the posterior distribution of direct and corresponding indirect effects for each split node alongside the inconsistency factor and between-study standard deviation (τ). Then, the interpretation index was applied to each split node to quantify the average divergence between the direct and indirect effects and determine whether inconsistency was acceptably low or material based on a semi-objectively derived threshold. Results The interpretation index revealed material inconsistency in 58% of the split nodes and 81% of the networks compared to the ‘standard decision-making approach’ (whether the 95% credible interval of the inconsistency factor excluded zero inconsistency) that indicated conclusive inconsistency in 4% of the split nodes and 18% of the net works. Material inconsistency was less prevalent for large τ values and single-study split nodes. Networks with single-study split nodes yielded larger and more imprecise inconsistencies than split nodes with more studies, making inconsistency subject to small-study effects. Such networks were also prone to a spuriously acceptable low inconsistency. Splitting single-study nodes were associated with larger inconsistency with increasing τ values than splitting nodes with more studies. Conclusions Inconsistency should be interpreted cautiously in the presence of single-study comparisons and sub-stantial statistical heterogeneity, as a true inconsistency may be concealed. Local inconsistency should be expected and quantified using a method that aligns with the evidence structure of the network
