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Strategy Implementation Process and Performance of NGCDF Projects in Kenya: A Case of Kajiado NGCDF
No full textMASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION in Strategic Management and Project Management.Project performance often suffers from inadequate planning and budgeting, which creates inefficiencies that can derail intended outcomes. In the National Government Constituency Development Fund (NGCDF) of Kajiado North Constituency, Kenya, these inefficiencies are exacerbated by unclear strategy implementation, resulting in delayed and incomplete projects despite considerable financial investments. This study sought to examine the influence of strategy implementation and project performance, with a particular focus on the roles of independent variable of planning, budgeting, and a moderating variable organizational culture. The research employed a mix of resource-based theory, institutional theory, and the balanced scorecard framework to form its theoretical basis. Data was collected from a total of 267 stakeholders, including project managers, government officials, and community representatives, with a stratified sample of 160 respondents providing the primary data. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to capture a holistic view of the issues at hand, and the data were statistically validated through measures like p-values and R-squared statistics. The study found that effective strategy planning had a significant impact on project performance, accounting for 68% of the variance in project outcomes (R-squared = 0.68, p < 0.05). Active engagement of stakeholders throughout the planning phase enhanced project performance, ensuring timely completion and adherence to scope. Additionally, sound strategy budgeting was found to improve project outcomes significantly (R-squared = 0.54, p < 0.05), although issues like financial mismanagement and constraints remained critical challenges. Organizational culture also played a critical role as a moderating factor, with teamwork, accountability, and innovation correlating positively with successful project execution (R-squared = 0.63, p < 0.05). Despite these positive correlations, obstacles such as inadequate skills among personnel and financial shortfalls hindered effective strategy execution. Recommendations to address these barriers included investing in capacity-building initiatives, strengthening financial management, and promoting continuous stakeholder engagement. The study's recommendations align with Kenya's Vision 2030 and contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 9 and SDG 16, which emphasize improved infrastructure, governance, transparency, and accountability
Association of Information Technology Ability, Workplace Social Engagement, and Successful Ageing: Validation of a Short Measure with Three African Samples
No full textJournal articleThis study examined the association of workplace social engagement (WSE) and information technology ability (ITA) with successful ageing and validated a brief scale measuring WSE. The interaction of WSE and ITA on successful ageing was also assessed. A cross-sectional design was adopted, and the participants were 1186 older adults living in Kenya (n= 350), Nigeria (n= 260), and Ghana (n= 576). Pearson’s correlation and factor analyses of two datasets (i.e., waves 1 and 2) from the sample were utilised to validate the WSE scale. Hierarchical linear regression analyses with relevant sensitivity analyses were utilised to assess the associations with wave 2 data. The WSE scale produced satisfactory psychometric properties (i.e., reliability and validity) as a unidimensional measure. WSE and ITA were positively associated with successful ageing in Kenya and Ghana and in the consolidated data. The interaction between WSE and ITA was positively associated with successful ageing and its domains (i.e., illness avoidance, functioning, and engagement with life) in Kenya, Ghana, and consolidated data. At higher ITA or the use of information technologies, WSE is less strongly associated with successful ageing. WSE is more strongly associated with successful ageing only at moderate ITA
Religious Leaders’ Willingness to Promote the Uptake of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine among their Congregants in Mavoko Sub-County, Machakos County, Kenya
No full textJournal articleIntroduction: cervical cancer is a significant health challenge in Kenya and sub-Saharan Africa, with high mortality linked to late presentation and low awareness. Despite its prevalence, preventive interventions like human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination face low utilization. Religious leaders play a pivotal role in influencing health decisions, yet their attitudes toward HPV vaccination remain understudied. Therefore, this study aims to
determine religious leaders' willingness to promote HPV vaccine uptake in Mavoko Sub-County, Machakos County, Kenya. Methods: a crosssectional study involving 198 religious leaders chosen through systematic random sampling method was done in the month of December 2023 in Machakos County, Kenya. Data on sociodemographics and attitudes towards HPV vaccination were collected using structured, selfadministered questionnaires. Attitudes were gauged on 11 statements. Analysis was performed using IBM SPSS 22.0, employing descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests to assess associations, with significance set at p < 0.05.
Results were visually presented using tables, charts and graphs. Results: the study had a 96.6% response rate. Majority were male (51.5%), Protestant Christians (48%), and pastors (29.8%). Most participants had positive attitudes towards the HPV vaccine, with no significant sociodemographic associations found. Conclusion: the study reveals positive attitudes among religious leaders towards promoting HPV vaccine uptake
among their congregants. Despite some concerns and misconceptions, the majority of participants expressed willingness to advocate for vaccination
Determining the Human Resource Factors Influencing Strikes among Healthcare Workers in Public Hospitals in Nairobi County, Kenya.
No full textArticleIn Kenya, the Central Association of Trade Unions (COTU-K) has revealed that there has been an increase in labor cases and strikes. A majority of these cases involve the Union representatives and the public authorities. These strikes cause huge moral discussions, due to their capacity to hurt patients likedeterioration of health, an increase in mortality cases, or a complete shutdown of healthcare facilities. This research aimed to investigate thehuman resource factors influencing strikes among Healthcare workers in public hospitals in Nairobi County, Kenya, and their effects on service delivery. The study adopted the descriptive research design, targeting healthcare workers at Mama Lucy Kibaki Hospital, Kenyatta National Teaching and Referral Hospital, Pumwani Maternity Hospital, Mbagathi Hospital, and Ngara Health Center. 400 participants were selected using Mugenda’s (2003) formula. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires and processed using the SPSS program, version 26.0, with the level of significance set at 0.05. Chi-square test statistics were
employed and analyzed data presented both descriptively, and inferentially using tables.The study found that human resource factors which included staffing level of hospitals (pvalue<0.001, (2 (2, = 346) = 35.031, p − value < 0.001) with OR = 4.875 and CI = (2.804, 8.475), overworking of HCWs/Heavy workloads (2
(3, = 346) = 31.244, pvalue<0.001) with OR = 0.344 and CI = (0.144, 0.824) and longer shifts (2 (3, = 346) = 36.614, p-value<0.001) with OR = 0.669 and CI = (0.240, 1.864) had a significant effect on strikes by healthcare workers. The study further found that strikes affect service delivery in aspects such as putting patients at risk, a drop-in outpatient, evacuation of in-patients, jeopardizing of quality of services, destruction of hospital equipment, and in some cases, a
complete shutdown of the hospital. The study recommends that the government should buffer the Health workforce through recruitment, training, and development to cater tothe shortages. Human resource departments should develop rotational duty Rota’s, and assign manageable workloads to avoid longer shifts and burnout of the health workers
Livestock Keeping, Mosquitoes and Community Viewpoints: a Mixed Methods Assessment of Relationships between Livestock Management, Malaria Vector Biting Risk and Community Perspectives in Rural Tanzania
No full textJournal articleBackground Livestock keeping is one of the potential factors related to malaria transmission. To date, the impact of livestock keeping on malaria transmission remains inconclusive, as some studies suggest a zooprophylactic effect
while others indicate a zoopotentiation effect. This study assessed the impact of livestock management on malaria
transmission risks in rural Tanzania. Additionally, the study explored the knowledge and perceptions of residents
about the relationships between livestock keeping and malaria transmission risks in a selected village.
Methods In a longitudinal entomological study in Minepa village, South Eastern Tanzania, 40 households were randomly selected (20 with livestock, 20 without). Weekly mosquito collection was performed from January to April 2023.
Indoor and outdoor collections used CDC-Light traps, Prokopack aspirators, human-baited double-net traps, and resting buckets. A subsample of mosquitoes was analysed using PCR and ELISA for mosquito species identification
and blood meal detection. Livestock’s impact on mosquito density was assessed using negative binomial GLMMs.
Additionally, in-depth interviews explored community knowledge and perceptions of the relationship between livestock keeping and malaria transmission risks.
Results A total of 48,677 female Anopheles mosquitoes were collected. Out of these, 89% were Anopheles gambiae
sensu lato (s.l.) while other species were Anopheles funestus s.l., Anopheles pharoensis, Anopheles coustani, and Anopheles squamosus. The findings revealed a statistically significant increase in the overall number of An. gambiae s.l.
outdoors (RR=1.181, 95%CI 1.050–1.862, p=0.043). Also, there was an increase of the mean number of An. funestus s.l.
mosquitoes collected in households with livestock indoors (RR=2.866, 95%CI: 1.471–5.582, p=0.002) and outdoors
(RR=1.579,95%CI 1.080–2.865, p=0.023). The human blood index of Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes from houses
with livestock was less than those without livestock (OR=0.149, 95%CI 0.110–0.178, p<0.001). The majorit
Digital Marketing Strategies and Business Performance in Petroleum Retailers in Kenya: A Case of Hass Limited
No full textMASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
in MarketingThe petroleum industry faces significant challenges in maintaining and enhancing business performance, particularly in the realms of market share, sales growth, customer satisfaction, and brand preference. The decline in business performance among petroleum firms can be attributed to various factors, including shifts in consumer behavior and increased competition, which have been exacerbated by the rapid evolution of digital marketing strategies. The use of digital marketing strategies has created prospects for petroleum retailers’ companies to interact with and engage their customers effectively and efficiently. However, petroleum retailers’ firms have not fully exploited the prospects of these strategies to the maximum. Therefore, the purpose of this was to determine the effect of digital marketing strategies on the business performance of petroleum retailers in Kenya: A case of Hass Limited Kenya. This study was guided by three specific objectives: identifying the digital marketing strategies adopted by Hass limited, assessing the level of business performance in Hass limited and establishing how digital marketing strategies influence marketing performance in Hass limited, Kenya. Social Exchange Theory, Innovation Diffusion Theory and RBV View Theory informed the study. The study adopted a descriptive research design with a population of 528 employees of Hass Petroleum Limited. It targeted all 148 staff members in Kenya from the three departments (sales, marketing, and management team). It used Yamane Taro (1967) to sample 108 respondents. Also, the study used a structured questionnaire to collect primary data. It analyzed both descriptive and inferential statistics using Statistical Packages of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0. The findings established that Hass limited, Kenya had adopted search engine optimization, email marketing strategy, social media strategy and mobile marketing strategy as digital marketing. The findings also revealed that Hass Petroleum Ltd in Kenya used market share, sales increase, customer satisfaction, and brand preference as measures of business performance. Finally, the findings indicated that digital marketing strategies affected the business performance of Hass limited Ltd, Kenya. Specifically, the mobile marketing strategy had a strongly significant relationship with business performance as r=0.770 and p=0.000. Furthermore, the study recommended that the company should be innovative and employ a social media strategist who can be able to navigate to share information with new customers in TikTok and WeChat.Daystar University, School of Business and Economic
Investigating Factors Influencing the Implementation of Monitoring and Evaluation in Health Referral Systems: A Case of Kiambu Level Five Referral Hospital in Kenya
No full textMaster of Arts Monitoring and EvaluationHealth referral systems are fundamental in ensuring patients receive appropriate care at the right level of healthcare facility. Effective monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of these systems are essential for maintaining high-quality healthcare delivery. However, inadequacies in current M&E practices hinder the optimal functioning of referral systems, potentially impacting patient outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing M&E of health referral systems at Kiambu Level 5 Hospital in Kenya. The research pursued four primary objectives: to investigate the extent of utilization of M&E in the health referral systems at Kiambu Level 5 Hospital, to assess factors influencing the implementation of M&E referral systems at the hospital, to assess challenges affecting the implementation of M&E in health referral systems and to establish strategies adopted to enhance the implementation of monitoring and evaluation of health referral systems in the facility. Guided by the Diffusion of Innovation Theory and Theory of Change, this study employed a descriptive research design. Data collection involved structured questionnaires and checklists, targeting a stratified random sample of 213 hospital staff, partakers of the referral system. The study adhered to ethical guidelines throughout the research process. Data analysis utilized descriptive statistics, including frequency distributions, and measures of central tendency, Data was analyzed using SPS software. Results indicated a moderate level of M&E utilization, with strengths in staff awareness and technical processes like data collection and analysis. However, challenges such as limited resource allocation, inadequate training, infrastructure constraints, and heavy workloads impacted consistent M&E engagement. Conclusions highlighted that while foundational M&E practices were in place, operational gaps, including insufficient resources and low participation, hindered optimal effectiveness. Additionally, barriers like funding, limited communication, and inconsistent protocol adherence limited the M&E system's overall impact. Recommendations focused on enhancing staff engagement through regular training, improving resource allocation for infrastructure, and establishing accountability mechanisms to ensure M&E consistency. Staff involvement, coupled with improved data management tools and feedback loops, was emphasized as essential for fostering a robust M&E system. Further research was suggested to examine long-term effects of improved M&E on patient outcomes and to explore the potential of digital solutions in strengthening M&E practices, providing a comprehensive pathway for enhancing the effectiveness of M&E in health referral systems.Daystar University, School of Applied Human Science
Assessment of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and Coping Strategies among Teenage Mothers in Mathare Slums, Nairobi County, Kenya
No full textMaster of Arts in Clinical PsychologyThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of PTSD among teenage mothers in Mathare slums. The specific objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of PTSD among teenage mothers in Mathare slums, establish the coping strategies of teenage mothers, factors associated with PTSD among the teenage mothers and the relationship between the levels of PTSD and coping strategies of teenage mothers in Mathare slums. The study employed a cross-sectional research design. Data was collected from 384 teenage mothers out of which 271 questionnaires were duly filled. Data was collected using Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5) and Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) inventory. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis and Chi-Square test. The study identified that there was a high prevalence (18%) of PTSD among teenage mothers. PTSD among teenage mothers was associated with age, education level, marital status, living status, and income level. Teenage mothers reported that they rely on both adaptive and maladaptive strategies to cope with PTSD. The adaptive coping strategies were however more common and effective as compared to the maladaptive strategies. The study recommended the need for the inclusion of mental health screening tools in the care and management of teenage mothers. The parents of teenagers were recommended to uphold a child-parent relationship that encompasses parental support, supervision, and advice to discourage them from engaging into sexual intercourse as a means of preventing teenage pregnancy.Daystar University, School of Applied Human Science
COM 226X: Interpersonal and Group Communication
No full textCOM 226X: Interpersonal and Group CommunicationDaystar Universit
Assessing The Correlation Between Climate Financing and Climate-Induced Displacement in Galkayo, Somalia
No full textMASTER OF ARTS in Diplomacy, International Security, and DevelopmentSomalia is one of the countries in the Horn of Africa that experiences population migration and displacement due to conflict and climate change. More than one million people were displaced within the country in 2023. The lack of funds and resources for climate action, capacity to implement mitigation and adaptation, and resources further increase the exposure and vulnerability of displaced populations. In addition, governments often lack the means or ability to take forcibly displaced people into account when making decisions and implementing programs for climate action. Using the constructivism and resource dependency theory, this study assessed the correlation between climate financing and climate-induced displacement. As a vulnerability multiplier, climate change threatens people's safety, security, and dignity. Some of the most significant challenges in Somalia are due to the interaction of conflict and climate change, which has displaced over one million people in 2023. The lack of funds, capacity, and resources further increases the exposure and vulnerability of displaced populations. In addition, governments often lack the means or ability to take forcibly displaced people into account when making decisions and implementing programs. Using the constructivism and resource dependency theory, this study assessed the correlation between climate financing and climate-induced displacement. An explanatory embedded mixed-method design was employed, with quantitative data being the dominant data set collected concurrently with the qualitative data. The study population was 198,317 people displaced by drought and floods spread across the Galkayo District, Galmudug state in Somalia, with the target population being 59,269 displaced persons living in Galkayo North, specifically in Jeexdin integrated settlement. The study used a sample size comprising 394 respondents. Stratified random sampling was used to collect quantitative data from persons displaced by droughts and floods within Galkayo North. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample size for key informant interviews drawn from environmental and climate change experts and practitioners mainly in UN Agencies, Non-Governmental Organisations, Multilateral banks, and Civil Society in Somalia and the East and Horn of Africa region. Quantitative data was analyzed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 to examine the relationship between climate financing and climate-induced displacement in Galkayo, and thematic analysis for qualitative data to establish the correlation between climate financing and climate-induced displacement. The study established a margin of correlation between climate financing and climateinduced displacement in Galkayo, Somalia. In addition, the Somali government and international organizations acknowledged the need for climate financing to support adaptation and resilience efforts in communities like Galkayo. The study revealed that climate financing comes from different sources, including international funds that governments can apply for as climate adaptation and mitigation grants, especially for vulnerable communities such as Internally Displaced Persons. In addition, resources can be mobilized domestically to address the impacts of climate change. The study established that the needs arising from climate-induced displacement were huge compared to the resources available. The study recommends integrating broader development strategies and a coordinated approach involving various stakeholders. It also underscores a participatory process in data collection, implementation, and finding solutions for affected communities