UAB Digital Commons (Univ. of Alabama at Birmingham)
Not a member yet
32303 research outputs found
Sort by
The protein databases used for identifying amino acid substitution by mass spectrometry-based proteomics
No full textExploration Of Exhausted Cd8+ T Cell Subset Diversity During Chronic Viral Infection And Cancer: A Role For Gfi1
Get PDFContinued persistence of high antigen levels in chronic viral infection and tumor settings induces molecular adaptations in CD8+ T cells that has been termed dysfunction or exhaustion. Although exhausted cells exhibit profound loss of effector functions, the exacerbated viral titer and tumor burden in the absence of these cells highlights their crucial role in maintaining the balance between tissue pathology and antigen clearance. Exhausted CD8+ T cells are a heterogeneous pool with unique functions that contribute to virus or tumor control. Yet, we lack a complete understanding of the subset dynamics as the disease develops. Here, we provide detailed characterization of CD8+ T cells during exhaustion. Using a chronic viral infection model, we identify a previously undescribed population of Transitional Ly108+CX3CR1+ cells in addition to the progenitor, effector-like and terminally-exhausted cells that were previously described. We show that Transitional cells are the direct precursors of the exhausted effector-like and terminally-exhausted cells. During tumorigenesis, we discovered that early infiltrating CD8+ T cells are progenitor cells that differentiate into Tim3hiTbetlo and Tim3hiTbethi effector cells. The Tim3+ cells differentially express the transcription factors Eomes and Tox that promote exhaustion and are associated with response to inhibitory receptor blockade. Analysis of exhausted CD8+ T cells identified the transcriptional repressor Gfi1 as a regulator of subset dynamics during exhaustion. Gfi1 expression is reduced as progenitors differentiate into Transitional cells. Differentiation from Transitional cells into the effector-like or terminally-exhausted subset required re-expression of Gfi1. Similarly, we show that differentiation from the Gfi1hi progenitors is associated with reduction in Gfi1 levels; however, its expression was required for terminal differentiation and accumulation of Tim-3hi cells. Overall, the data presented provide a novel role for Gfi1 in the diversification of CD8+ T cell subsets that mediate chronic viral infection and tumor control. These studies provide a better basis for understanding exhausted CD8+ T cell subset development
Upcycling Composites using Recycled HDPE and Glass Fiber-Reinforced Thermoset Industrial Scrap
Get PDF2025 Summer Expo Poster Presentation Engineeringhttps://digitalcommons.library.uab.edu/sp-expo/1122/thumbnail.jp
Using RNA Sequencing to Investigate the Causes of Sex-Specific Aging in Drosophila melanogaster
Get PDF2025 Summer Expo Poster Presentation Biological & Life Scienceshttps://digitalcommons.library.uab.edu/sp-expo/1140/thumbnail.jp
Titusville Library
No full textStudent project completed for PSC 120 Urban Politicshttps://digitalcommons.library.uab.edu/political-science/1000/thumbnail.jp
A Clonal Legacy? Reproductive Mode Variation In Hard and Soft Bottom Gracilaria Vermiculophylla Populations
No full textThe red macroalga Gracilaria vermiculophylla invasion provides an opportunity to investigate the evolution of biphasic life cycles and of reproductive modes by understanding how they structure and contribute colonizing new environments in natural conditions. In hard bottom habitats, we find gametophytes and tetrasporophytes fixed by holdfasts to hard substrates, whereas in soft bottom habitats, we find free-living tetrasporophytes either drifting or anchored by tube-building polychaetes. We collected thalli from hard and soft bottom habitats along the Eastern Shore of Virginia and Maryland to investigate the role of substrate on life cycle and reproductive mode dynamics. We determined the phase and sex using observable reproductive structures and a sex-linked PCR assay, followed by genotyping all thalli using nine microsatellite loci. Sexual reproduction prevailed in hard bottom sites, whereas clonal (asexual) reproduction dominated soft bottom sites and was accompanied by tetrasporophytic dominance. There was site-specific variation in selfing and clonal rates that are supported by observations of physiological stress and local extirpation, such as at Ape Hole Creek and Fowling Point, respectively. We found evidence of isolation by distance and the structuring of genetic diversity by habitat type, then site, and finally by year. While broad patterns have been described across the extant range, we clarify population genetic patterns in hard versus soft bottom habitats that are not confounded by the invasion history comparing native and non-native thalli. These results have implications for the on-going spread of this alga and contribute to our understanding of the population genetics of partially clonal taxa.
This is a table of supplemental data affiliiated with our manuscript. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.19.660572 on biorxiv and submitted to the Journal of Phycology
We thank R. Snyder, S. Fate, P.G. Ross, J. Lewis, and E. Smith for field help and logistics at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science Eastern Shore Laboratory (VIMS ESL). We thank B. Thornton for help with July 2022 collections. We thank C. Amsler, J. McClintock, S. Watts, and R. Snyder for serving on for serving on the dissertation committee of A.P. Oetterer. This work was supported by an International Phycological Society Paul Silva Student Grant (to APO), start-up funds from the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) College of Arts and Science (to SAKH), an NSF CAREER award (DEB-2141971 [UAB] and DEB-2436117 [VIMS|W&M] to SAKH), NSF OIA-1946412 (to SAKH), ANR-18-CE32-0001 (to SS and SAKH), and start-up funds from the Virginia Institute of Marine Science William & Mary (to SAKH). The Department of Biology at UAB provided logistical support. VIMS and VIMS ESL provided additional facilities and logistical support. A.P. Oetterer was supported by the UAB Blazer Fellowship. WHR was supported by the NIH IRACDA MERIT postdoctoral fellowship (NIH K12GM088010). S.A. Krueger-Hadfield was supported by the NSF (CAREER Award DEB-2141971 and EAGER DEB-2113745)
