LSU Health Digital Scholar (Louisiana State Univ.)
Not a member yet
8182 research outputs found
Sort by
Transcriptome Mapping in AMD Retinas Reveals Common Mechanisms with Neurodegenerative Diseases
No full textAssociation for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, ARVO 2025, May 4-8, 2025, Salt Lake City, U
Physiological Mechanisms Vulnerable to Alcohol-Induced Alterations: Role in Chronic Comorbidities
No full textAlcohol misuse is a leading modifiable risk factor for disease burden across the lifespan. Alcohol-mediated end organ injury results from a combination of pathophysiological processes including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell death, endoplasmic reticulum stress, extracellular matrix remodeling, and epigenomic adaptations. Alcohol\u27s multi-systemic physiological impact causes direct cellular damage and impairs an individual\u27s capacity to adapt or recover from additional health insults, thereby amplifying overall disease burden. While the impact of alcohol on liver and brain physiological mechanisms is the most studied, the adverse effects of alcohol extend to multiple other organ systems, and though frequently underappreciated, contribute to several comorbidities. This review focuses on alcohol-associated pathophysiological effects on the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, immune systems, and energy metabolism that contribute to multiorgan injury and disease burden. Understanding the pathophysiological effects of alcohol on the different organ systems will significantly help inform therapeutic modalities to help reduce alcohol-associated comorbidities
Deep Infections after Open and Closed Fractures
No full textBackground:The purpose of this study was to describe the culture and speciation results of patients with surgical site infection (SSI) from the PREPARE and Aqueous-PREP studies from the PREP-IT Investigators.Methods:Patients with suspected SSI underwent collection of deep or organ tissue samples for culture. The culture positivity rate was estimated as a percentage along with the exact binomial 95% confidence interval (CI). Microbial species were reported as percentages. Comparisons between open and closed fractures were conducted with the Z-test for proportions. Significance was set at p \u3c 0.05.Results:Among the 2 primary studies, a total of 484 cases (defined as an anatomic fracture area; some patients had multiple fractures, which were each defined as a case if they developed an infection) had culture samples taken from deep or organ tissue. The culture positivity rate was 96.7% (95% CI, 94.7% to 98.0% [468 of 484 cases]). There were no significant differences (p = 0.507) in culture positivity between open fractures (97.2% [95% CI, 94.5% to 98.6%]; 273 of 281 cases) and closed fractures (96.1% [95% CI, 92.4% to 98.0%]; 195 of 203 cases). There was information on microbial species in 84.4% (395) of 468 cases. For patients with positive cultures, 43.3% (171 of 395 cases) were polymicrobial infections. Open fractures (47.8% [111 of 232 cases]), compared with closed fractures (36.8% [60 of 163 cases]), were more likely to be polymicrobial (p = 0.029). Staphylococcus aureus microbes (methicillin-sensitive S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, and coagulase-negative S. aureus) accounted for 43.3% (462 of 1,066) of all positive cultures. The median time to infection was 58.5 days (95% CI, 49.0 to 67.0 days). The median time to infection was not significantly different in cases of open fractures (61.0 days [95% CI, 51.0 to 71.0 days]) compared with closed fractures (54.0 days [95% CI, 43.0 to 67.0 days]) (hazard ratio [HR], 0.92 [95% CI, 0.72 to 1.12]). SSIs associated with gram-negative bacteria had a shorter median time to infection at 46.0 days (95% CI, 36.0 to 58.0 days) compared with SSIs not associated with gram-negative bacteria at 70.0 days (95% CI, 56.0 to 88.0 days) (HR, 1.79 [95% CI, 1.55 to 2.03]). There was also a shorter median time to infection for patients with polymicrobial infections (47.0 days [95% CI, 38.8 to 52.1 days]) compared with patients with monomicrobial infections (78.6 days [95% CI, 57.2 to 86.8 days]) (HR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.03 to 1.49]).Conclusions:In patients with SSI, tissue samples yielded high rates of microbial culture results. There was a higher proportion of gram-negative organisms in open fractures. Gram-negative infections were also associated with earlier time to infection. Clinicians should not hesitate to take deep-tissue culture samples in patients with suspected SSI and should be prepared to encounter polymicrobial infections
Natural History of Visual Loss in USH1C
No full textAssociation for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, ARVO 2025, May 4-8, 2025, Salt Lake City, U
Increased risk of dermatological immune-related adverse events in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
No full textSociety for Investigative Dermatology (SID) 2025, May 7 - 10, 2025, San Diego, C
Association between race, ethnicity, and mode of mismatch repair mutations on molecular expression and cancer outcomes: A real-world endometrial cancer molecularly targeted therapy consortium cohort study
No full textSociety of Gynecologic Oncology 2025 Winter Meeting, January 30 - February 1, 2025, Whistler, Canad
EVALUATING ADAM17 AND SYNDECAN-1 LEVELS IN TRAUMA PATIENTS WITH HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK
No full text48th Annual Conference on Shock, May 31 - June 3, 2025, Boston, M
INTERNAL JUGULAR VEIN VALVULOPLASTY +/- STENTING AS A THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE IMPAIRED CEREBRAL VENOUS OUTFLOW
No full text22nd Annual Meeting Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery, SNIS, July 14 - 18, 2025, Nashville, T
Comparative analysis of health disparities in prostate cancer patients with and without venous thromboembolism, and with and without anticoagulation therapy
No full text2025 ASCO Annual Meeting I, May 30-June 3, 2025, Chicago, I
