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Leaderless Resistance and Ideological Nihilism in the 21st Century: How Militant Accelerationists Use Social Media to Enact Their Violent Ideology
No full textThis paper will explore the ways in which violent far-right accelerationism relies on directed self-radicalization, and how accelerationists are utilizing social media as the primary vehicle for this process. The author will unpack the two-pronged approach to leaderless resistance and radicalization in the modern accelerationist milieu, examining the celebration of violence and the facilitation and promotion of new violence as the primary drivers of this process. The paper will examine the ways in which mass killers and \u27lone actor\u27 terrorists are sanctified and celebrated in online spaces, and how their manifestos and livestreams are shared as part of a campaign of militant memetics and desensitization to violence. The paper will go on to examine the ways in which new violence is promoted, focusing on gamification, the aesthetics of militancy, the sharing of methods of violence, and the doxing of activists and public figures. The author will propose that these two pillars form the foundations of modern leaderless resistance on the accelerationist far-right
Racial Slurs Against Indigenous Peoples in Ecuadorian Twitter Interactions
No full textAdopting a discourse analytic approach (van Dijk, 2002, 2011, 2023), this chapter examines racial slurs (Croom 2011) against Ecuadorian indigenous peoples on Twitter. It seeks to unveil discriminatory practices in the context examined. The study is based on a corpus of slurs derived from the responses that two Ecuadorian indigenous leaders received on their Twitter accounts on a selected date. With reference to Placencia (2022), seven categories of slurs were identified. These categories were established according to the underlying negative beliefs or stereotypes (O’Dea et al. 2015) that appear to be recreated; they centre on features of indigenous people’s appearance, their cognitive skills, their character and/or their conduct. The study builds on works on (racial) insults (e.g., Guimarães 2003;; Álvarez and Chumaceiro 2011; Mateo and Yus 2013; Poggi, D’Errico and Vincze 2015) and (racial) slurs (e.g., Jucker 2000; Croom 2011, 2013), as well as works on racism and discrimination from different perspectives (e.g., Dupret 1999; van Dijk 2002; Wodak and Reisigl 2015), with a focus on Ecuador (e.g., Guerrero 1994; Almeida Vinueza 1999; Cervone 1999; de la Torre 2002; Sánchez 2007; Placencia 2008; Granda 2017) . It shows that some of the negative beliefs held about indigenous peoples, that have been highlighted across the decades still surface in the twenty first century, facilitated by social media where verbal aggression and discriminatory behaviour still occur with impunity
Learn, Engage, Act: Digital Tools to Prevent and Counter Hate Speech Online
No full textThe paper discusses the preliminary results of a multi-partner international project (LEAD- Online) aimed to tackle the normalization of hate speech online (HSO) and the negative effects it has on young people. The project’s main hypothesis is that in our “algorithmic society” the understanding of the digital ‘Other’ is mediated by a myriad of “filter bubbles,” “echo chambers,\u27\u27 fake news and disinformation storms. A precarious online space emerges, created through the users’ own activities (posts, likes, friendships, etc.) in which they come into contact only with content that accords with and thus reinforces their own opinions. At the same time, the “obligation to monitor” illegal content and the growing reliance on automatic responses to HSO carries the risk of there being no response to hateful content or simply of ignoring it. Therefore, more efforts are needed to change the attitude of ‘digital bystanders’, challenging the wrong premise of “digital dualism” (Jurgensen, 2011), i.e., that anything happening online is separate from the offline. Lack of proper understanding of HSO conditions the high susceptibility of young people to hateful arguments and disinformation (so-called ‘epistemological vulnerability’).
Against that background, the project adopts a strategy of empathy, education, andempowerment to improve the awareness raising about tolerance and against hatred online. Targeting the origins of prejudice and the roots of hostility towards the digital ‘Other,’ as well as competency building on procedures for counter-action will (hopefully) break through indifference and stimulate reporting of hate speech incidence. The project approach emphasizes experiential learning and role play: activities combine the subjective responses of youth to hate speech online with conceptual and argumentative structures, in order to stimulate dialogue and perspective taking. To enable students to understand the function of algorithms in filtering and blocking hate speech, and issues related to freedom of expressionand digital rights in online community, they play the role of “digital gardeners” in interactive and collaborative activities, sharing their own experiences and ideas.
The paper will present two multilingual digital tools designed by the project: a hate speech self-assessment tool (HS-SAT) and an online HateOut! game. The HS-SAT has been taken by over 3500 users in the period September-November 2022 (school students, teachers, media activists); the paper will discuss a cross-country comparison of the initial test results in seven countries (Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Italy, and Romania). A demo version of an online HateOut! game will be shown, discussing the role of digital technology, user interaction, and scenario-based learning for enabling young people to better grasp the roots of hateful speech and for improving their capacity to use a human rights and values framework to recognize and counter HSO.
The paper draws conclusions concerning the success of different solutions and practices to educate young people and to mobilize teachers, civil society, social media activists to challenge hate and help build more tolerant communities
Foundations of an Ideology of Hatred Against Romani Communities
No full textRomani communities represent the largest ethnic minority in Europe (European Commission, 2020), dating their presence in Europe for nearly half a millennium (End, 2012). The history of the Romani community has been starring in marginalisation, oppression and violent manifestations of hatred and persecution (Martínez, 2007; CoE, 2012; Cortés et al., 2019; Matache 2020; Molina 2020). Hatred towards Romani people have been manifesting systematically on the European continent over the centuries.
These manifestations have been leading Romani groups to be victims of a specific form of racism manifested through explicit violence (End, 2012; Coe, 2012; End, 2015; Carrera, 2017; Rostas, 2019), hate speech, exploitation, stigmatisation, and the most brutal discrimination (ECRI, 2011). This phenomenon, known as antigypsyism, has configured a specific widespread and customary ideology marked by hatred and fear and based on a set of sustained prejudices and stereotypes about the historically constructed artificial and fictitious image of the Gypsy (Alliance, 2017; End, 2014; Selling 2015; Selling 2018; Carrera et al., 2017).
Despite the cessation and prohibition of discrimination against racialized minority groups, as well as the gradual establishment of policies, strategies and measures to combat discrimination and socially integrate an excluded minority group such as the Romani communities; the manifestation of this ideology has been presented in a violent, persistent and recurrent way (ECRI 2005; ECRI 2011; CoE 2012; Perry, 2001) suffered on a daily basis by members of this group (James, 2020; Chakraborti & Garland, 2015).
Throughout this paper, the study will focus on categorizing antigypsyism from the field of Hate Studies, inquiring about the ideology that underlies and promotes hatred towards Romani groups. This widespread and customary ideology represents the leading cause of the exclusion of Romani people from the European socio-economic system (CoE, 2012). Thus, this categorisation of antigypsyism will produce a more complete and reliable knowledge about this phenomenon. Specifically, it will attempt to achieve a holistic understanding of hatred towards Romani people and its manifestation, perpetration, and effects in the context of neoliberal global capitalism
Exploring Othering through Improv
No full textThis unique workshop will use the techniques of improvisational theatre to explore our identities, othering, being othered, and how we can create change. This workshop is very interactive and will be in person only
Topological Data Analysis of Information Spread on Twitter
No full textThe research of information diffusion on social networks is commonly investigated through the application of social network analysis, utilizing graph theory. This pro-posed study aims to classify diverse forms of information dissemination on Twitter using topological data analysis techniques. Specifically, by simulating each instance of information diffusion on a predefined graph network across distinct time intervals, tracing the underlying homologies, and analyzing these filtrations via clustering methods, the project seeks to categorize varied information propagation on Twitter. This work is furthering research by the Gonzaga Topological Data Analysis Research Group which used this methodology to analyze airline fight patterns
Strategies and Approaches to Challenging Hate
No full textThe 2023 International Conference on Hate Studies, held at Spokane Community College, featured the theme of Strategies and Approaches to Challenging Hate included the following papers: Changing Attitudes About Refugees through Refugee Simulations, Amy Anderson Combatting the Far Right: Preliminary Results from a Large, Qualitative Study, Jessie Daniels Holding Powerful Institutions Accountable: Advocacy Within, Stacey Vargas Limitations in the Canadian Social Imaginary: Swaths of Hate Cut by Racism and the Road Beyond, Wendy Fletcher The Place of Antifascism in Hate Studies: Revisions and Reconsiderations, Stanislav Vysotsk
What is an Authentic Relationship?
Get PDFThere is perhaps nothing more hopeful in the world than to attempt to develop a truly meaningful relationship with another human being. The formation of authentic relationships can be powerful for many reasons including contributing to the formation of collective movements and social change. But, what does an authentic relationship look like in an inherently-time-limited community-engaged learning (CEL) experience? I utilize the case of a CEL class, rooted in some of the aims of the Jesuit Justice Circle (experience, understanding, imagination), which offers the opportunity for college students to enjoy early morning walks to school with youth. I analyze student data from their relationship development journals and semester-long writing assignments to describe patterns in their development of relationships with fellow classmates and community members. In so doing, I offer an initial descriptive account of what the critical CEL aspirational concept of authentic relationships looks like “on the ground
The Experience of Hate Crime Survivors and the Ethics of Using Formers in Countering Extremism
No full textThe 2023 International Conference on Hate Studies, held at Spokane Community College, featured the theme of The Challenges of Hate in the 21st Century. The panel The Experience of Hate Crime Survivors and the Ethics of Using Formers in Countering Extremism included the following papers: Countering Hate Victimisation and Contributing to Social Justice: Can Organised Psychology rise to the Challenge, Hanlie Van Wyk Ethics and Dynamics of Former Extremists as Practitioners in Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism, Brad Galloway The Ethics of Using Formers in Prevent and Counter Violent Extremism, Katerina Papatheodorou What Happens When a Survivor Reports a Hate Crime or Incident?, Landon Turloc
NOW 2023-08 August
No full textCorpus of News on the Web data for August 2023.
The TAR folder contains linguistic data in three formats: Database: This is the format allows for the most robust searches and allows for powerful JOINs across corpus, lexicon, and source tables but requires knowledge of SQL. See Full-text corpus data for more information on how to use the database format. Linear Text: This format provides a textID for each text, and then the entire text on the same line. In this format, words are not annotated for part of speech or lemma. In addition, contracted words like can\u27t are separated into two parts (ca n\u27t) and punctuation is separated from words (eye level . As her). Word, Lemma, Part of Speech: Texts are separated by a line with ## and the textID