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Misogyny and Marginalization in Criminal Justice Systems: Women’s Experiences in Two Post-Conflict Societies
Get PDFIn Northern Ireland and South Africa, two countries that are attempting to rebuild their societies after extended periods of armed conflict, women who seek redress from gender-based violence through the criminal justice system encounter barriers to justice. Such barriers emerge from misogynistic attitudes toward women that prevent police from appropriately responding to reports of sexual and domestic violence, diminish the capacity of police and court officials to empathize with rather than blame victims, and impede judges from sentencing convicted perpetrators in proportion to their crimes. Despite the striking differences between these two countries, in each society women face similar patterns of obstacle when confronting the criminal justice system. Indeed, the respective criminal justice systems provide venues through which the hatred of women intersects with the secular politics of nation-building
Communication At Tradeshows--Face-To-Face Versus Online
Get PDFThe question is regularly posed within communication academia as to whether computer mediated communication (CMC) is a “richer” form of communication than face-to-face (FtF). Similarly, the necessity of meeting FtF with regard to business has been repeatedly called into question since the downturn of the economy in 2008-2009. One reason professionals gather FtF is for tradeshows. This thesis looks at the quality of the communication that takes place at FtF tradeshows, and reveals attitudes and opinions with regard to the importance of the relationship-building and commerce that occurs in person and/or online. The results inform what we can and cannot accomplish in these different environments. 331 professionals who have worked in tradeshows as a planner, an exhibitor, an attendee, or an executive took an online survey designed to reveal how they felt about the relationship-building and commerce that occurs in the tradeshow environment. The questions were focused on whether FtF, CMC, or a combination of the two is the solution, exploring the value and necessity of tradeshows. Additionally, an autoethnography highlights some personal experiences, having served within each of the professional roles with regard to tradeshows. The results showed the respondents felt that CMC is not a replacement for the FtF communication that occurs at tradeshows, but it is a useful supplement to the FtF experience. The autoethnography echoed these sentiments, in addition to echoing the short answers of many of the respondents
Effective and Ethical Sales Communication for Pharmaceutical Representatives
No full textThere are so many different communication styles utilized by pharmaceutical sales representatives. This thesis handles the quandary of whether those communication styles are not only effective among the interactions with medical providers, but whether those effective means of communicating are embedded with ethical communication as well. The theory of symbolic interactionism and the philosophical basis of persuasive speech expound on the methodology pharmaceutical sales representatives implement with the people he or she encounters. Medical providers also need to perceive that their encounters with pharmaceutical sales representatives are congruently effective and ethical interactions, which is revealed by qualitative research methods in the thesis. Lastly, the pharmaceutical sales representative’s effective and ethical communication provides recommendations in how to maintain the proper perspective of keeping these medical interactions with the greatest credibility and reputation
Communication and NonDrits: Implementing Asynchronous Web 2.0 Strategies to Built Community and Successful Development Practices
No full textDue to web-based technologies and social media, the nonDrit industry is currently experiencing a change in the way fundraising is accomplished, business is developed, and information is communicated to the public. Some organizations have embraced these changes, while others are hesitating to move in a new direction. While the organizations changing with the industry are making major strides in their business success, those who are not redeveloping are missing out on an opportunity to increase their volunteer base, organization awareness, and financial support. In order to help nonDrit organizations understand the benefits of the evolving technologies, a static, poorly designed Web 1.0 nonDrit website was redeveloped incorporating Web 2.0 strategies, social media platforms, and computer-mediated communication tools. Interviews with four, young, technology savvy potential site users, as well as autoethnographic reflections/ evaluations are methods used in the redevelopment process. The structural elements chosen for each webpage are informed by Joseph Walther’s Social Information Processing theory and are intended to promote and harness benefits of asynchronous communication for conversation and community. The purpose of this project is to provide nonDrit organizations with an example of a non-Drit website redeveloped utilizing the current Web 2.0 technologies, and to give theoretical evidence of why it is beneficial to redevelop communication tools and how this can increase organization successes
Media Imagery and the Cultivation of Attitudes on Arab Americans
No full textSince the 19th century, people of Middle Eastern descent have come to the United States for a new beginning. However, throughout the decades, Arab/Middle Eastern/Muslim ethnic groups have faced stereotypes and backlash as a result of many historical events, in relation to Middle Eastern countries. The attacks on September 11th, 2001 resulted in a proliferation of negative stereotypes against Middle Eastern Americans and challenges to their acceptance in the United States. This thesis seeks to ascertain the stereotypes that have been developed about Middle Easterners, and the reinforcement of these stereotypes through pop culture media, specifically film, in the twenty-first century. Semiology, proposed by Barthes (1988), and cultivation theory, developed by Gerbner (1969) provide the primary theoretical framework for the study. Both work to explain the impact of signs and symbols in messages that can create cultivated beliefs about society and influence cultural norms. The literature review examines the development and existence of stereotypes about Middle Easterners in American culture. Research for this thesis was conducted using a content analysis method employing the use of a coding procedure. The data reveals that stereotypes in twenty-first century film display a greater presence of negative perceptions over positive ones, and that there is a distinction between female and male representation. Further research is necessary to determine the individual impact these stereotypes have on both male and female Middle Eastern Americans living in the United States today
The Heart of Servant-Leadership: Ten Years of The International Journal of Servant-Leadership
Get PDFIn the tenth volume of the journal, I am grateful to recognize ten years of interdisciplinary and international leadership studies focusing on servantleadership. Here, on the advent of the next ten years, the International Journal of Servant-Leadership contains the fresh critical vigor shown in feminist gender-integrative understandings of servant-leadership, a continued look at the vast field of theory and science that exists in the contemporary world of servant-leadership studies, and an enduring focus on the poetry of servantleadership
NOW 2014-01 January
No full textCorpus of News on the Web data for January 2014.
The TAR folder contains linguistic data in three formats: Database: This is the format allows for the most robust searches and allows for powerful JOINs across corpus, lexicon, and source tables but requires knowledge of SQL. See Full-text corpus data for more information on how to use the database format. Linear Text: This format provides a textID for each text, and then the entire text on the same line. In this format, words are not annotated for part of speech or lemma. In addition, contracted words like can\u27t are separated into two parts (ca n\u27t) and punctuation is separated from words (eye level . As her). Word, Lemma, Part of Speech: Texts are separated by a line with ## and the textID
Changing the marketplace one behavior at a time: Perceived marketplace influence and sustainable consumption
No full textThis study introduces the construct of Perceived Marketplace Influence (PMI) and investigates its role in mediating the relationship between environmental concern and sustainable consumption behavior. A nationwide survey shows that Perceived Marketplace Influence plays an important role in mediating the relationship between concern and behavior, providing an explanation for prior inconsistencies in this relationship. Accordingly, Perceived Marketplace Influence plays a purposeful role in transforming environmental concern into behavior. This project extends previous research on the relationship between values, beliefs, and behavior by showing that one\u27s perception of influence on the marketplace behavior of others significantly influences one\u27s own marketplace behavior. Improved understanding of this relationship provides updated guidance to firms and policymakers for projecting and encouraging sustainable consumption behavior
Media Framing, Proximity And Spheres: The Media Account Before And After The August 21, 2013 Syrian Chemical Attack
Get PDFThe conflict in Syria over the past two years came to the forefront of international policy, and media reporting, following the August 21, 2013, chemical attack within the country which left more than 1,400 civilians dead. The United States administration was thrust into a position to respond in some fashion to those attacks. President Barack Obama and some U.S. policy makers called for limited military intervention. Others officials called for non-intervention. Diplomacy ultimately prevailed. How the media framed the conflict before and after the attack is the crux of this research, as media framing can play a role in how conflict is viewed by those in the positions of political authority, and by the public. This study was based in a qualitative approach to content analysis by looking at themes in reporting from The New York Times and USA Today newspapers. The analysis covered the two weeks before and two weeks after the August 21, 2013 chemical attack. Research looked at keywords and phrases in addition to coding newspapers sources. Before the attack, three USA Today articles and 12 New York Times articles met criteria for inclusion in analysis, and after the attack, 31 USA Today articles and 29 The New York Times articles met criteria for inclusion in the study. Findings in this study build upon existing research on framing, in particular Hallin’s (1986) work on three distinct journalistic spheres, or modes of reporting, and research on proximity frames. Framing can occur from what Hallin coined as the Sphere of Legitimate Controversy, Sphere of Consensus, and Sphere of Deviance. Additionally, an aspect in how media frame events is to make a connection through proximity, either by the closeness of geography as it relates to the audience, through empathy with subjects; or alternatively by presenting events from a dispassionate, distant standpoint. The analysis here suggests that preceding the attack, the conflict was framed from a proximate (human interest) sphere of consensus frame which assumed non-intervention. In the aftermath of the attack, the elite national press helped paint the picture of the chemical attack as one distant from the U.S. public while concurrently framing and embedding the issue or option of possible military intervention within the Sphere of Legitimate Controversy (objective reporting)
Using General Systems Theory To Evaluate Channels Of Feedback In A Law Enforcement Agency
Get PDFThe principles of General Systems Theory and Management Cybernetics have been used, not only to analyze and evaluate organizational communication, but also to help improve communicative efficiency through the strengthening of message sending/receiving channels. This thesis continues the exploration of channel efficiency and feedback by examining the principles of General Systems Theory and Management Cybernetics through the daily interactions that occur at a municipal police department. The unique ranking structure and paramilitary nature of the law enforcement agency dictates policy that regulates the means of vertical communication between employees, but measuring the department’s current communication system against the principles of General Systems Theory and the Variable Systems Model from Management Cybernetics can reveal inefficiencies of the communicative structure. This case study of a municipal law enforcement agency is an ethnographic narrative aimed at finding causal explanations for how information sharing between employees takes place and possible or potential inefficiencies. The research was conducted primarily through interview and embedded observation at the organization’s facility. The results of this study indicate that the communication system that is currently in place at the police department is strong, with a well-defined hierarchy and an adequate numbers of communication channels for message sharing and feedback. The results also detail some minor problems with the communication system, such as leadership ambiguity and misappropriated management resources. A list of recommendations for improving the efficiency of the communication system is also included in the results