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Effect of principals' leadership styles on performance of mathematics in Kenya certificate of secondary education in Tigania West district of Meru county.
No full textABSTRACT
Leadership is a fundamental aspect of management because it has an important bearing on a range of activities that can lead to the attainment of organizational outcomes. Mathematics is recognized widely as being of great importance internationally both for economic well being of nations and because of the need for scientifically literate citizenry. Poor academic performance in key subjects in the curriculum like Mathematics and Sciences at the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (K.C.S.E) examinations has not been satisfactory for last two years. The best performing secondary school mean grade registered in mathematics in Tigania West for the year 2009 and 2010 was 5.26 (C-) and 5.43 (C-), respectively. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of the principal's leadership styles on performance of mathematics in K.C.S.E in Tigania West District of Meru County. The study adopted descriptive survey design. This is because the researcher was only interested in determining the influence of the independent variables on the dependent variable without manipulating any of the variables. The target population for this study constituted of all the 18 principals and 42 mathematics teachers from the 18 public secondary schools and 1842 students in Tigania West. 15 schools from Tigania West were purposively selected on the basis of having presented candidates in 2009 and 2010 in K.C.S.E. All the 15 principals formed the sample size. All the 36 mathematics teachers from 15 secondary and 322 students were randomly selected according to Krejcie and Morgan table 1970. The study had a total sample size of 373 respondents. The tools of data collection for this study were the interview for principals and questionnaires for students and mathematics teachers. The researcher conducted a pilot study in two public secondary schools in Tigania East District on the basis of having presented candidate for K.C.S.E in 2009 and 2010. This enabled the researcher to make necessary adjustments on the items found wanting, thereby improving the validity and reliability of the instruments. To verify the validity of the instruments to be used in this study, the research instruments were presented to three experts in the department of education of Kenya Methodist University who are conversant with the topic of study to verify the validity of research instruments used. In this study, Split-half method together with the Spearman Brown Prophecy Formula was applied to calculate to determine the reliability of the instruments. The study established a reliability value of 0.76 for students' questionnaires, 0.82 for teachers' questionnaires and 0.84 for principals' interview schedule. The researcher obtained a letter from Kenya Methodist University to help the researcher secure research permit from the National Council for Science and Technology (NCST). Thereafter, the researcher informed the District Education Officer (DEO), Tigania West. Appointments were booked with targeted schools' administrators, who were also requested to assist in the organization of the entire study in the respective schools. It was observed that there is a positive moderate (0.56) relationship between the democratic leadership style and KCSE Mathematic performance in secondary schools in Tigania West. There is negative (0.76) relationship between laissez-faire leadership and mathematic performance in secondary schools in Tigania west District. From the analysis it is clear that autocratic principal negatively influence (-0.983) mathematics performance in secondary schools in Tigania West.The study would shed light on the factors affecting performance in mathematic in Tigania West District of Meru County, thus helping the principals in understanding the importance of good leadership style. This study recommends that the principals of secondary schools in particular be encouraged to use democratic style of leadership in the management of secondary school
Factors that influence participation of youth in church growth and development: A case study of Runogone Circuit, Kaaga synod
No full textThe. purpose of the study was to identify, psychosocial factors that influence the participation of the youth in church growth and development. The world we are living in today has brought a lot of changes in human life and caused great effect to many. The youth, especially, have been held or tied by some other factors that have led them to forget the church. The number of youth is declining as years go by. Environmental factors bring many changes to the lives of everyone these days especially due to technology leading to non-participation. Other factors like secularism, lack of parental commitment to the lifestyles of their children and the way in which the old church denominations have held to the old systems of running the church has much affected the youth. In order to satisfy themselves the youth look for alternative ways. In this study, case study research design was used. The target population comprised of all Christians of Runogone Circuit because it was a case study. They included 130 men 200 women and 259 youth members. Questionnaires were administered through the chair person's men fellowship, women fellowship and the youth. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of the study were presented in frequency tables and percentages. The study concluded that; Secularism affects the livelihood of young people by tying them to the worldly affairs hence • driving them away from participation in church growth and development; Environmental factors also affect the youth participation in church growth and development. Parents give the youth either too much freedom or are less concerned in what activities they undertake towards church growth and development. The church leaders in their bid to protect the church to its tradition have made the youth to run away from the church, some to the upcoming denomination and others run completely away from church. On the basis of the study findings, recommendations were made that; the church should take the first step in trying to encourage the youth to participate in church growth and development and teach them on the need to serve God, the church should teach young people on the effects of the environmental factors and how these factors can affect their lives. The youth should be educated on the effects of negative behavior, drug abuse and lack of being responsible to themselves. Parents should be in the frontline to cultivate the behavior of their children at an early age so as to encourage them to be responsible. Before handing over the children to the church, the parents should prepare them in their background at home. The church leaders should set good examples to the youth and try to embrace change without losing the focus of the church that they may retain and attract the youth back to the church
Factors contributing to marital break ups and the counseling implications. A case of the Anglican church membership in Taita District.
No full textMarriage is an Institution which is culturally respected and jealously guarded. This is because both the Church and the nation begin from marriage. There are however many challenges in this institution which if not handled skillfully could cause marital break ups. Such break ups affect the individuals concerned negatively and this impact is felt in the society. The study is guided by choice theory which explains that all we do from birth to death is behave. We choose how to behave in different situations and our behavior will either positively or negatively affect us significantly. The theory further explains that human beings are social and they need to receive and give love. If this need is not met, they are pained and look for things to do to make them feel better. Such choices may strain their relationships and cause marital break ups. The study examined the factors contributing to marital breakup and whether pre-marital counseling takes place. It also determined whether pre-marital counseling can prevent marital break ups in the Anglican Church in Taita District. The findings of this study will be used to improve on the counseling services in various institutions including the church. The study was carried out in Taita District of Coast Province in Kenya. This study recommended that similar studies should be carried out with a larger sample to establish the state of marriages and the effects of marital break ups in families. It recommended that studies should be carried out to establish the effectiveness of priests as counselors. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. The design was appropriate for obtaining factual and attitudinal information for research questions on characteristics and present or past behaviors. This design is most frequent used for the collection of information about people's attitudes, opinions or habits on any of the variety of education and social sciences. The findings of the research will make an impact on the lives of people in Taita District and the Country as a whole. The sampling of the study was done using cluster, simple random and purposive methods which finally gave one hundred and eighty two respondents from eight parishes. Two types of questionnaires were used to collect data; one for sampled couples and single members of the churches and one for the priests/counselors. The questionnaires were pilot-tested to validate and determine their reliability. The collected data was then analyzed using the descriptive statistics method where percentages, frequencies and means presented in tables, pie charts and bar graphs were used. The study findings indicate that marital break ups in the Anglican Church in Taita District are mainly caused by finances, infidelity, communication and sexual dissatisfaction. Pre-marital counseling takes place in the Church but very little post-marital which contributes to marital break ups. The findings also indicated that both pre and post-marital counseling services are necessary to alleviate marital break ups. The study therefore, recommended that the major factors contributing to marital break ups should be given more sessions during pre-marital counseling. Pre-marital counseling should also be made meaningful and there should also be a follow-up after marriage
A survey of selected secondary schools in Mukurwe-Ini district
No full textABSTRACT
This study was aimed at determining the factors influencing Information Communication Technology (ICT) integration in selected Secondary Schools in Mukurwe-ini District. The study was motivated by the rising concerns at the slow pace at which Secondary Schools are embracing ICT. The process of integration is also haphazard and the use of ICT is rudimentary in the few schools that have adopted ICT. This study was guided by four objectives which included determining the effects of economic factors, physical factors, human resources factors and social political factors on ICT integration in the district. A few secondary schools have integrated ICT but the majority of schools are yet to do so. A sample size of nine secondary schools was selected through stratified random sampling in which enrolment was a key consideration. Data was collected using questionnaires. The collected data was analyzed through qualitative and quantitative methods and presented in tables, bar charts and pie charts. Based on the results of the findings, the research concludes that ICT integration was low in Mukurwe-ini District in which economic factors were a major factor for low ICT integration. Physical factors had a moderate influence in ICT integration. In general, the results of this study revealed that social-political, physical, economic and human resources factors influence ICT integration in a greater way. The researcher recommends that there should be an effort to improve the level of human resources skills, especially, through training on ICT skills and the stakeholders and government should attempt to align the social political factors in ways that are conducive for the
ease of uptake and integration of I CT
Factors affecting performance in Christian Religious Education in Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education in Igembe South District.
No full textIn a world plagued with performance contracts both in public and private sectors performance for teachers is quite relevant, if they will have to retain their jobs. Due to much competition in the job markets, it is also quite important for students to perform well in their national exams in various subjects. This research work aimed at investigating various factors that affect performance in Christian Religious Education (CRE) in Kenya Certificate Secondary Education (KCSE) exams in Igembe South District. CRE being one of the elective subjects, it requires proper investigation to ensure students perform well in the subjects so that they can continue choosing it, since there is an option of choosing either history or geography in form three. The objective of the study was to .find out whether time allocated for CRE lessons is enough owing to the broad content. The study sought to find out number of trained teachers in schools, the teaching and learning resources in schools and effects of motivation on how they affect performance in CRE in KCSE. The study was carried out in ten secondary schools in Igembe South District. In the ten schools, questionnaires to CRE teachers, school administrators and students of selected classes. The researcher interviewed form two and three students of these schools. The researcher had a target population of 5000 students and he managed to reach a size of 1000 students. The target population of CRE teachers was 40 and the researcher was able to reach a sample size of 20. While the target population for principals was 15 and the researcher was able to reach sample size of 10. The researcher used questionnaires as the main instrument for data collection. The responses were then collected and analyzed and data was compiled in tables, graphs and pie charts. General findings of the study were that human and material resources are factors affecting student's performance in CRE as well as time allocated for CRE per week, while motivation of students does not affect student's performance in CRE. This study recommends that more CRE teachers should be trained and posted in schools. The Ministry of Education should diversify their teaching methods and also motivate learners in various ways
The impact of strategies executed to address understaffing of teachers in public secondary schools in Buuri district.
No full textThe general objective of this thesis was to investigate the impact of the strategies used to address the problem o~ teacher shortage in public secondary schools in Buuri district and to suggest remedial measures to the problem. This district, located in an arid and semi¬arid land, has a total of 23 public secondary schools. Formal education is a critical instrument for emancipating the communities living therein. This is nevertheless compromised by the nationalwide shortage of teachers in schools. As such several strategies have been applied to address this problem. This research investigated the impact of those strategies in public secondary schools. The study wasguided by four objectives and research questions. The literature review covers three broad areas namely the theoretical, empirical reviews and the conceptual framework. The study used the survey research design with a target population of 6437people, comprising students teachers and chairpersons of the Boards of Governors of the 23 schools. By use of stratified random sampling the study identified a sample size of 410 respondents. Data was collected using questionnaires and an interview schedule and analyzed using descriptive statistics where SPSS program (Integrated Student Version for Windows) was used. Instrument reliability was determined at Cronbach's alpha of 0.83. The study established that the employment of teachers by the schools' Boards Of Governors was the strategy with the most positive impact as it led to lower workloads to the teachers available. The negative impacts of these and other strategies include the non¬dependability of BOG teachers, interruption of school time tables by part time teachers, lack of confidence in past students used as teachers, increased costs in the teaching and learning process. The study recommends that the government should integrate its planning process at the Ministry of Education, include Buuri District in the hardship area category, carry out a teachers balancing exercise and employ full time TSC teachers. Finally the study recommends that schools should avoid combining of classes and use of past bright students to teach the current students
Management challenges facing inclusive education for the hearing impaired learners in Kenyan public secondary schools for the hearing impaired
No full textHearing impaired (Hl) learners have been a subject of educational attention globally, for many years. In fact systematic teaching of these learners is a relatively young field as a result or historical prejudices by hearing educators and parents who believed that HI children were either incapable or learning or had serious limitations to their potential. Fortunately we now have firm evidence that those prejudices were unfounded. The study will address and suggest proactive steps that educators and parents can take in order for the 111 learners to fulfil their normal or better potential as future citizens. The study adopted a descriptive survey design and targeted 380 HI learners. A sample population of 133 111 learners. 35 teachers and 2 principals was selected randomly from the existing fully established secondary schools offering inclusive education for 111 in Kenya: namely Rev. Muhoro and St.Angelas - Mumias. The study investigated management challenges facing inclusive education in Kenyan public Secondary Schools for HI by examining enrolment. human resource, provision of learning lacilitics and curriculum delivery. Questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect data from the respondents. Descriptive statistics was used lo analyze qualitative data findings from open ended questions ; while. statistical analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.00 was used to analyze quantitative data from closed ended items. Data were presented using simple statistics of percentages, frequency tables, pie-charts and bar graphs. From the findings, low enrolment of HI students into the inclusive education was found to be as a result of lack of funds, lack of parental support and lack of information on the inclusive education programme for I II students. Another challenge to enrolment according to the principals was funding of the programme in terms or restricted funding, difficulties in sourcing funds, Jack of capacity to implement funding policies and abrupt pulling out of donors. The study revealed that that provision of' human resource and provision of learning facilities were not major management challenges facing implementation of inclusive education in Kenyan secondary schools tor HI. Among the challenges in curriculum delivery is inadequate time, poor communication, learner absenteeism, learner ability, teacher incompetence, lack of stakeholder support, inadequate time allocation, too much work, poor communication and lack of enough facilities. In the light of the findings, the study recommended allocating more time to cover syllabus in the inclusive education. Though not major, provision of regular training for well trained and motivated teachers to continually enhance their skills, provision of HI relevant teaching and learning materials, additional funding for inclusive education programme and provision of friendly supporting infrastructure for the inclusive education for HI learners were recommended. The researcher recommended that a similar study may be conducted involving all public secondary schools to dete1mine their '• preparedness to implement the inclusive eeducation programme for HI, the learner and parent attitude and the factor analysis of various variables in management challenges
Prevalence of CCR2 gene polymorphisms among HIV infected individuals from different regions in Kenya
No full textP 270-274Chemokine receptor-2 (CCR2) is a co-receptor for the entry of human immunodeficiency virus- I (HIV-I) into the target cells. Patients with the CCR2 mutations may progress to AIDS at least 2-4 years later than individuals carrying the normal gene. A G-to-A transition at position 190 characterizes the CCR2-64I mutation. This mutation has been identified as an important factor for delaying progression to AIDS. The effect of CCR2 polymorphism on HIV-1 disease progression has not been explored in depth within Africa. The status of CCR2 gene polymorphisms among HIV infected individuals in the Kenyan population is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the existence and distribution of CCR2 gene mutations and to identify the different polymorphic groups of the co-receptor gene among HIV infected individuals in the Kenyan population
Factors that would influence the utilization of healthcare services by KeMU Nairobi campus undergraduate degree university students.
Get PDFThe Kenya healthcare system has been making varied efforts towards improvement. Utilisation of healthcare services continues to be a concern, with the need for
interventions that can strenghthen the current weaknesses. Accepted models of healthcare service utilisation may not apply to university students due to their unique socio-demographic characteristics and health challenges. This study focussed on the service delivery pillar of health systems. The absence of a healthcare facility in KeMU-Nairobi campus that can cater for the healthcare needs of the students, remains a weakness in the service delivery pillar and hence an area that needs strengthening. The purpose of this study was to establish the factors that would influence the utilisation of healthcare services by undergraduate degree students if a facility were to be availed at the campus. The Andersen and Newman framework (1995) of health service utilisation was used as the theoretical framework. The objectives were to investigate the need, enabling and predisposing factors that influence the utilisation of healthcare services by undergraduate degree university students at KeMU Nairobi Campus. This was a cross-sectional study with qualitative and quantitative aspects. Random sampling was used to select respondents from the various degree courses. Systematic sampling was used to arrive at the required sample size. Respondents were 390 undergraduate degree university students at KeMU Nairobi Campus. Data was collected using pre-structured and pre-tested questionnaires. Data was analysed using a logistic regression mode of analysis which was done using SPSS version 17. The undergraduate degree student utilisation model designed by this study established nine predictors of utilisation of healthcare services by this target group. These were: need factors - awareness of services offered by the institution, purpose of utilising healthcare services; enabling factors — location of a healthcare facility, availability of healthcare services and source of income; predisposing factors — gender, marital status, academic performance, and interruption of academics due to health related reasons. The respondents had a 1.4 chance of utilising healthcare services if they were aware of the existence of the services and the facility; 78% of the respondents sought services when sick or in the event of an emergency; 63% of the respondents were concerned about the availability of health services; those who were self employed had an odds ratio of 0.32 of utilisating healthcare services; 61% of the respondents were female; 73% of the respondents were single; 52% of the respondents were students who got at least a grade of B+ and above; and 92% of the respondents had their studies interrupted due to healthcare related reasons. Conclusions of this study were that the students' population would specifically seek healthcare services when sick or in the event of an emergency; location was a key influence of utilisation of healthcare services; those who were not married had a higher chance of seeking healthcare services, and were not particular about which type of physician they saw. This study recommended that deliberate efforts must be made to create awareness of services that would be offered at the healthcare facility that would be established for the students population at KeMU Nairobi campus; the healthcare facility should be located in an area that can be easily accessed by the student population; and that there should be training and counselling services offered on student-work-life balance at the healthcare facility that would be set-up for the students
Factors influencing non-adherence to antitroviral therapy (ART) among people living with hiv/aids (PLWHA): A case of Isiolo district, Kenya
Get PDFRA 643.G6 2014In HIV/AIDS treatment adherence to antiretroviral therapy is of paramount importance. To achieve suppression of viral replication, decrease in viral load and improving quality of life needs near perfect adherence of 95%. The researcher had sort to establish factors influencing non adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS in Isiolo District. The researcher used descriptive survey design. Sample population of 193 participants which is 30% of the 640 total study populations was used. This was obtained from the district comprehensive care clinic through document analysis. The raw data was collected using structured questionnaires and focused group discussion which was cleaned, classified, coded processed, analyzed and presented using pie-charts, graphs and tables. Findings show: individual’s income, multiple drugs combination, health care workers perceptions, beliefs and taboos influence non adherence to antiretroviral therapy while counseling helps to create positive altitude and minimizes stigma. The study recommends: Ministry of Health with other stakeholders to solicit funds to form support groups that will stabilize clients emotionally, psychologically and economically. To improve infrastructure, health care workers and public perceptions and altitudes through trainings, public education, barazas and pamphlets. Free treatment of opportunistic infections for patients with pneumonias, malaria and others infections to minimize admissions and improve quality of life