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The impact of information and communication technology (ICT)in teaching accounting in secondary schools: a case of iLembe district
No full textA thesis submitted in fulfilment of the academic requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Curriculum and Instructional Studies in the Faculty of Education, University of Zululand, 2023.This study examined the impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), in
teaching accounting subject in secondary schools, using iLembe District in South Africa as a
study area. The study highlighted that the application of ICT in accounting teaching and practices
in schools and organisations all over the world has received widely acceptance, not only to
business entities but also to accounting educators. Literature shows that accounting subject
remain one of the critical subjects in business education, that is designed to equip learners with
certain skills, knowledge, aptitude and values towards solving financial problems and towards
satisfaction of real- life needs. The study interrogated the central question of what factors
influence teachers the adoption and integration of ICT, in teaching accounting in secondary
schools in iLembe District. Findings from the literature displays that ITC has long been heralded
as a crucial element of both professional accountancy and accounting education. This study,
therefore, argued that the effective application of ICT in every sector, can only be assured
through adequate coverage of needed areas, as it identified gaps that can be filled through the
stakeholders/actors such as the teacher and managers of education. It was indicated that the
effective adoption of ICT education in teaching accounting subject at the iLembe District can be
realised by schools that accommodate the effective use of ICT. The iLembe secondary school
facilities accommodates the use of ICT facilities with easy to use for accounting by teachers,
who use it in their teaching to stimulate the interest of their learners. The study is qualitative in
nature and data was collected through a semi-structured interview. Data were collected from ten
accounting teachers through semi-structured interview, semi-structured face to face interview,
observations and document analysis. Responses to the interview guide were recorded and
analysed through thematic analysis to determine the similarities and differences in terms of their
responses. This method assisted in collecting information which was fundamentally involved in
engaging individuals in an informal discussion. The use of interview guide was focused on the
phenomenon. Findings shows that there is critical need for professional development of teachers,
on the use of ICT appropriately in schools with the provision of computers and laptops for every
learner in rural schools, as their parents cannot afford them. Conclusively, the study summarized
and offer appropriate recommendations for the adoption and integration of ICT into the teaching
of accounting in South Africa
The experiences of single teenage mothers in raising their children at Mtubatuba Local Municipality
Get PDFA dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for the Degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Social Work, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, at the University of Zululand, 2022.Teenage pregnancy despite being a well-documented subject remains a major worldwide health problem, affecting many countries. The risks and realities around this issue remains known, continue to be researched and documented however the rate in most regions continue growing. This study was conducted to explore the experiences of single teenage mothers in raising their children at Mtubatuba Local Municipality. It sought to explore their challenges, to establish the significance of the child support grant in helping them support their children, and to examine the support that they received from their families. The study adopted a qualitative research approach using an exploratory design. Data was collected by means of in-depth interviews from 11 participants aged between the ages of 16-22 and data saturation was reached. Purposive and snowball sampling was used and collected data was analysed through thematic analysis.
Findings of this study revealed several challenges that were endured by teenage mothers which were: financial burden of raising children, neglect from the fathers of the children, feeling of being trapped and unable to socialise due to motherhood, disturbance with schoolwork, with some even dropping out of school. The existence of the child support grant was seen to be very important in helping mothers to meet the costs of food and other necessities of their children and themselves. As significant as it was, it was seen to be insufficient as it did not meet all the basic needs of children. Findings of this study further revealed that teenage mothers were able to mitigate most challenges with the help of support received from their families which included financial support, physical care of the children and provision of guidance on how to take care of their children.
Considering these findings, it was recommended that the establishment of empowerment programmes along with support initiatives depending on each mother’s needs would be beneficial. This would enable them to be effective in their parental roles thus also allowing them to continue with their education and remain empowered
Wage rate and inflation on labour productivity
No full textA dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Commerce, Administration and Law in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Commerce in the Department of Economics at the University of Zululand, South Africa [2023].The emerging market economies (EMEs) have experienced more severe trade-offs, higher output and inflation volatility, and poorer performance than developed economies, economic diversity necessitates special efforts. However, the inflation targeting (IT) has been used by central banks as the tool to maintain price stability, but what remains as a major issue is the positive relationship between increased wage rate and labour productivity, which then increases the inflationary pressure in a case of IT EMEs as compared to early IT countries. Theories based on prior experiences around the world have led to generalisations of some monetary policies that ignore differences between countries. In a labour market with perfect competition, wage rates are determined by labour productivity, and wage dispersion represents the marginal contributions of the different workers to the final product.
Therefore, this study analysed the impact of labour productivity on wage rate and inflation among selected early IT countries and EMEs over the period 1990-2019. It was a quantitative study, anchored on IT adopters’ countries design because there was strong evidence of a structural break before 1990, which led to a rose rapidly of inflationary pressure and subsequently fed through into per worker wages and productivity negatively. The study employed a panel autoregressive distributed lag approach (PARDL) to analyse the long-run relationships and short-run dynamics between wage rate and labour productivity. Labour productivity was treated as an endogenous variable in the model, while explanatory variables include wage rate, inflation, import and export ratio. The study provided strong evidence of a significant positive impact of wage rate, inflation, import and export ratio on labour productivity for both early IT countries and EMEs.
The study found that there was positive and significant long-run relationship between wage rate and labour productivity. Also, there was a positive short-run relationship highlighting the dual effects of wage rate on labour productivity in early IT countries and EMEs, positively significant at 1% and 10%. Moreover, there was positive and significant relationship between inflation rate and labour productivity, which was contrary to related studies for both early IT countries and EMEs. The most plausible explanations for these results are that the adoption of IT had a positive impact on labour productivity shock that led to a significant decline in consumer price inflation and inflation expectations for early inflation targeters. However, that was contrary for IT EMEs as compared with early IT as positive labour productivity shock in IT EMEs led to a significant increase on the inflation pressure. The results of this study have important policy implications for policy makers in EMEs and contribute to the notion that the causes of inflation in EMEs are multi-dimensional and dynamic. Thus, policy makers in EMEs need to be able to offer solutions to the inflationary trends that lead to high productivity, also decreased unemployment, and an improvement in living standards.ISIFINGQO
Amazwe eminotho esathuthuka (EMEs) ibhekene nokuhwebelana okubi kakhulu, imikhiqizo ephezulu, ukuntengantenga kwamandla emali kanye nesimo esibi kwezomnotho uma kuqhathaniswa namazwe athuthukile, Ukwehlukahlukana kwezomnotho kudinga ukusebenzisa ubuchule obukhethekile. Kodwa- ke ekugxileni kokwehla kwamandla emali (Inflation Targeting) kusetshenziswe amabhange amakhulu njengethuluzi lokugcina ukuqina kwentengo kusesimeni esifanele, okuyiphuzu elikhulu ubuhlobo obuhle phakathi kokukhuphuka kwezinga lamaholo kanye namandla abasebenzi okukhiqiza, okubuye kwandise ingcindezi yokwehla kwamandla emali emazweni athuthukayo uma kuqhathaniswa namazwe akuqala kuqala ukusebenzisa i- IT. Imigomo nemicabango esuselwa ezimweni nezigameko zangaphambili kuholele ekwakhiweni kwezinqubomgomo ezithile zezimali ezinganaki umehluko phakathi kwamazwe. Ezimakethe zezabasebenzi ezinokuncintisana okuphelele, amanani amaholo aqunywa izinga lemikhiqizo yabasebenzi. Kanti ukwahluka kwamaholo phakathi kwabasebenzi kuhambisana namagalelo abo emkhiqizweni wokugcina.
Ngakho-ke, lolu cwaningo luhlaziye umthelela wokukhiqiza kwezabasebenzi esimweni samaholo ahambisana namagalelo abasebenzi ngokwahlukana, kanye nokwehla kwamandla emali phakathi kwamazwe aqala kuqala ukusebenzisa i- IT akhethiwe kanye nama- EME esikhathini esisukela kowe-1990 kuya kowezi-2019, Bengucwaningo olusezingeni eliphezulu, olugxile ekwakhiweni kwamazwe amukela i- IT ngoba benobufakazi obuqinile bokwehlukana kwesakhiwo ngaphambi kowe- 1990, okwaholela ekwenyukeni ngokushesha kwengcindezi yokwehla kwamandla emali futhi okwalandela ngemiholo yabasebenzi kwaholela nasemikhiqizweni engagculisi ngenxa yokwehla kwamandla emiholo okwenza kwehle namazinga okukhiqiza . Ucwaningo lusebenzise indlela yephaneli ye-autoregressive distributed lag approach (PARDL) ukuze kuhlaziywe ubudlelwano besikhathi phakathi kwezinga lamaholo kanye nalokho okukhiqizwa abasebenzi. Ukukhiqiza kwezabasebenzi kuthathwe njengokuguquguquka okungapheli kule modeli, kuyilapho okuguquguqukayo okuchazayo kuhlanganisa isilinganiso samaholo, ukwehla kwamandla emali, isilinganiso sokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle kwempahla yokuhwebelana.
Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi kunobudlelwano obuhle nobubalukekile besikhathi eside phakathi kwezinga lamaholo kanye nokukhiqizwa abasebenzi futhi kube nobudlelwano obuhle besikhathi esifushane obugqamisa imiphumela embaxambili yezinga lamaholo ekukhiqizeni kwezabasebenzi emazweni aqala kuqala esebenzisa i- IT kanye ne- EME, kusukela phakathi ku-1% kuya ku-10%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kube nobudlelwano obuhle nobubalulekile phakathi kwezinga lokwehla kwamandla emali kanye nalokho okukhiqizwa abasebenzi, obekuphambene nezifundo ezihlobene nawo womabili amazwe okuqala e- IT kanye nama- EME. Izincazelo ezizwakalayo zale miphumela, ukwamukelwa kwe-IT kube nomthelela omuhle ekunyuseni izinga lokukhiqiza kwabasebenzi okuholele ekwehleni okukhulu kwentengo yezinto ezibalulekile kumthengi kanye nokulindela kokwehla kwamandla emali kwabahlosile ukuthi kwehle amandla emali ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, lokho bekuphambene ne-IT EMEs uma kuqhathaniswa ne-IT yasekuqaleni njengokushaqeka kokukhiqiza okuhle kwabasebenzi kuma-IT, EME kwaholela ekunyukeni okukhulu kwengcindezi yokwehla kwamandla emali.
Imiphumela yalolu cwaningo inemithelela ebalulekile yenqubomgomo kubenzi benqubomgomo nakuma-EME futhi inomthelela emibonweni yokuthi izimbangela zokwehla kwamandla emali kuma-EME zinezinhlangothi eziningi futhi zinamandla.
Ngakho-ke, abenzi benqubomgomo kumazwe asafufusa kudingeka bakwazi ukunikeza izixazululo ezinkambisweni zokwehla kwamandla emali okuholela ekukhiqizeni okuphezulu, nokuncipha kokuntuleka kwemisebenzi, kanye nokwenza ngcono kwamazinga okuphila
Goats growing and cucurtbita argyrospema nutritional composition
No full textA Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Department of Agriculture at the University of Zululand, South Africa [2023]
HIV transmission among women
No full textA dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Information Studies at the University of Zululand, South Africa [2022].This study aimed to explore the role of patriarchy in the spread of HIV among women in Esikhawini, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Patriarchy is considered as a social system that grants men primary power and predominance in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege, and control of property. Some patriarchal societies are also patrilineal, meaning that property and titles are inherited by the male lineage. This study was guided by three research objectives namely: understanding women's experiences related to HIV transmission, identifying challenges arising from patriarchy, and proposing methods to mitigate its impact on HIV infections in women.
This study is qualitative in nature since it used interpretivism paradigm. Using purposive and snowball sampling, the study focused on ten women experiencing patriarchal abuse in relationships within eSikhaleni township, more particularly at Gobandlovu. Informed by Feminist Theory opposing women abuse, semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore participants’ experiences, perceptions, observations and opinions on the patriarchal abuse. The researcher used thematic analysis for data analysis.
Findings reveal a clear understanding of patriarchy among women, which is characterised by male dominance and woman’s diminished power in relationships. Causes of patriarchal abuse included gender inequality, women voicelessness; cultural norms and traditions; ingrained gender roles; and societal expectations. Participants reported various levels of patriarchal abuse including sexual violence, HIV and Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) infection, public degradation, and work restrictions. Notably, societal bias often overlooked reported abuse, leading to psychological issues such as stress and depression for women lacking support.
Organizations like the Tears Foundation and POWA were identified as supportive resources. Recommendations to address issues in patriarchal relationships included regular check-ups, educating men on safe sex practices, free distribution of condoms, and encouraging women to use Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) within 72 hours of potential HIV exposure
Enhancing the role of teachers to improve inclusive education in full-service schools, Amajuba District, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
No full textA thesis submitted to the Faculty of Education in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education in the Department of philosophy of Education at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2022.The study intended to enhance the role of teachers to improve inclusive education in the full-service school. The inclusive education framework was developed to bring about a fair, just, equal and non-discriminatory education system that accommodates all learners, regardless of their race, class and health status. A number of objectives were devised to direct the study, the main objective was challenges in understanding inclusive education. The other themes were the teacher development programme, attitude towards inclusive education, resources in full-service schools and best practices to improve inclusive education.
The Organisational Readiness Theory was identified as a theoretical framework that could support the improvement of the stated objectives of the study. This theory specifically explores how teachers in full-service schools under the Amajuba District respond to the challenges brought by having LSEN and those learners without learning difficulties in the same service school. This is done by investigating the teacher’s role to improve inclusive education in primary full-service schools, what motivated enthusiasm and the importance of being ready to implement positive change. A qualitative research design and the transformative paradigm was most preferred for suitable participants who emerged during the research process. Participatory action research was endorsed as it spoke about the participation, emancipation and working with real challenges to bring about change in the full-service school. As per the values of participatory action research, the researcher worked with the participants collaboratively to find the roles for teachers to improve inclusive education. Data generated through the use of participatory action research was analysed using Critical Discourse Analysis. The empirical analysis, interpretation of data, discussion and determining the findings resulting from interventions were made with Critical Discourse Analysis. The population was formed by one teacher each from the primary full-service school, senior full-service school, secondary, special school and district official and school governing body member. Purposive sampling was selected as a form of non-probability sampling to rely on the judgement when choosing participants in the study.
A literature overview to provide an understanding of the role of teachers to improve inclusive education in South Africa, the United Kingdom, Kenya and Australia was
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provided. The findings were compared, indicating that teachers were ready to improve inclusive education in primary full-service schools in the Amajuba District. In conclusion, the study argues that there is still a lot to be done to support the role of teachers in improving inclusive education practice and has also contributed towards furthering the awareness of an inclusive education policy on the part of teachers and learners. Endorsements made here could also support and improve the performance of teachers regarding their response to their role brought by diversity in their full-service school
Fruits and vegetables coopareative for economic development
No full textA dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Development Studies in the Department of Anthropology and Development Studies at the University of Zululand, South Africa [2023].The uMkhanyakude District, which consist of KwaNibela area, where people were subjected to forceful evictions, by colonial, imperial and apartheid regimes of the pre-democratic era in South Africa, which is the focal problem of the study. Living in KwaNibela, people established agricultural cooperatives as a means of fighting unemployment and poverty through the land restitution process. This study took place in KwaNibela area of the uMhlabuyalingana Local Municipality to assess the effectiveness of the Akehlulwalutho Pineapple and Vegetable Cooperative in contributing to KwaNibela's socio-economic development.
The study uses participatory evaluation to explore the effectiveness of the Akehlulwalutho Pineapple and Vegetable Cooperative to pursue socio-economic development, women empowerment, and building a sustainable land-based living. Participatory evaluation is an approach that involves consulting the stakeholders of a development intervention in the evaluation process. Furthermore, the Organisation of the Economic Cooperation and Development’s Development Assistance Committee (OECD/DAC) criteria for evaluations were used for the evaluation. These were used in conjunction with the Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF) to measure the success of the Akehlulwalutho Pineapple and Vegetable Cooperative by assessing the rural livelihoods of the cooperative’s members and community.
The key findings of this study such as outlining the initial aim of establishing the cooperative were able to elicit a wide range of people's perspectives and experiences in assessing the cooperative’s success in promoting socio-economic development in KwaNibela area. The findings further reveal that the cooperative is trying to ensure gender equity, in its operations. However, it appears that the cooperative is still headed by women, with women bearing more responsibility. While, the cooperative is having insufficient market to sell the products due to the lack of land to perform agricultural activities.
Therefore, the study recommended that Akehlulwalutho Pineapple and Vegetables cooperative should successfully contribute to socioeconomic development in the
KwaNibela region by presenting opportunities and taking corrective action in response to problems, which would increase the rate of employment and market. This study suggests that the government and the banking industry help cooperatives financially so that they can expand and diversify their business operations in rural areas. Hence, Future studies should focus on researching the effective ways that the agricultural cooperatives can develop to attain good working relationship with SMEs. Overall, the study recommends that the same study be conducted and constructed in a new context, location, and theoretical framework
Water supply
No full textA dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Anthropology and Development at the University of Zululand, South Africa [2023].The present study focuses on the factors contributing to sustainable water supply at uMhlathuze Local Municipality. The shortage of water has a negative impact in gardening, which affects most of rural areas that are more dependent on subsistence farming to secure food. The study questions how to rural people at uMhlathuze Local Municipality generates their livelihood if the water is poorly supplied. Hence, this puts lives of citizens at risk. It is for that reason; the present study focuses on determining factors contributing to water supplies in uMhlathuze Local Municipality.
The study used explorative research design which linked with qualitative method. Semi-structured interview was considered for data collection. Regarding sampling method, the study used a purposive sampling, which helped the researcher to obtain data from relevant participants. Relating to findings of the study, factors contributing to sustainable water supply at uMhlathuze local municipality were determined by the study objectives and the research findings. The study shows that the municipality supplies water through water pipes and water tankers. However, there are still communities that are without water and some villages get water for a short time and leaves again while there is no meeting or announcement made regarding that problem. Moreover, the other factor is an insufficient budget which challenges the municipality to be unable to implement new projects to help deal with the backlog. The study also indicated that the municipality does send a truck of water to supply water in some areas; however, the drivers are selling water that was meant to be supplied for free. There is also illegal connection of pipes which makes the distribution of water be difficult in those areas. The findings of the study also show that there are reservoirs built to provide water in the communities within the municipality but cannot be relied upon.
Therefore, the study recommends that uMhlathuze Local Municipality should have a proper way to monitor the illegal connection of water pipes in the municipality and have a framework that guide the water truck to deliver water without demanding incentives. The study further suggest that the municipality should learn and train its officials to use it finances equally to ensure that water is allocated to all the households and fund-raise money to ensure sustainability of their projects
Digital literacies
No full textA dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Library and Information Science in the Department of Information Studies at the University of Zululand, South Africa [2023]The concept of digital competence is central to this study and can be broadly defined as skills, knowledge, creativity, and attitudes that everybody needs to use digital media for learning and functioning in the knowledge society. It is undeniable that we live in an information age in which everyone is dependent on electronic tools to access data. Digital incompetence affects people of all ages and that is why it is important for children, young adults, and adults to have digital skills. The foundation for the growth of digital competences should start in the foundation phases of early education to prepare learners for the digitised world they will experience in different stages of their lives. Most studies on similar topics did not cover grade level education and that is why this study focused on grade 11 learners. Educators are also imperative role players in the development of learners’ digital skills, as they are the ones responsible for facilitating the lessons to the learners. The study found that it was important that the educators’ digital competences also be investigated. The study primarily sought to establish the digital literacy programmes offered at high schools in the uMhlathuze Local Municipality, assess the digital literacy competences of learners and educators from high schools in the uMhlathuze Local Municipality and establish challenges faced by high schools in the uMhlathuze Local Municipality with regard to digital literacy education.
Two frameworks were adopted in this study. Baharuddin’s digital literacy framework (2016), which was used to understand the learners’ digital competences and digital tools used by the selected high schools. The second framework was the TPACK (Technological pedagogical content knowledge) framework by Mishra and Koehler (2006). This framework was used to understand how educators apply the three constructs of the framework when they teach learners.
The study adopted a post-positivism research paradigm in line for the type of data the study sought to collect. Both quantitative and qualitative research approaches were adopted in this study, as well as a survey and case study research designs. The target population for this study was grade 11 learners and grade 11 educators from three selected high schools located in different geographic areas in the uMhlathuze Local Municipality. Simple random sampling was used to administer 234 questionnaires to grade 11 high school learners and two educators were interviewed through the purposive sampling technique. Quantitative data from the questionnaires were analysed using descriptive analysis and the qualitative data from interviews were analysed with the use of the thematic analysis method.
The findings of the study revealed that two of the three selected high schools offered digital literacy programmes at their schools, even though one of those two schools indicated a shortage of infrastructure. The findings of the study discovered that the majority (33%) of the learners had good digital literacy skills, 27% had average digital skills, a few (13%) had poor digital skills and a minority (11%) had excellent digital skills. The findings also revealed that the educators were highly qualified to teach digital-based subjects and had good and excellent digital skills. Furthermore, the study established different challenges faced by the high schools during digital literacy classes, such as power outages, which disturb examinations, no internet connection, slow computers and a shortage in resources.
The study therefore concluded that a digital divide exists between schools located in different geographic areas. Learners that attend schools in rural areas are still digitally excluded compared to their counterparts who attend schools in urban and peri-urban areas. Furthermore, the study concluded that learners who attend schools in urban areas are more digitally competent than learners who attend peri-urban and rural schools. Additionally, the study concluded that the biggest challenge facing schools with regard to digital literacy is a shortage in infrastructure.
The study recommended that the Department of Basic Education should bridge this digital divide by introducing compulsory digital-based subject in all high schools in South Africa. The study also recommended that the Department of Basic Education should provide funds for these schools to purchase all the necessary resources for the implementation of digital literacy education
Sexual harassment policy
No full textA dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Criminology in the Department of Criminal Justice at the University of Zululand, South Africa [2023].University of uThukela’ is a placebo name used to protect the identity of the University.
Purpose - Sexual harassment in higher education institutions remains a persistent and distressing issue for students. This dissertation aimed to develop a comprehensive understanding of the knowledge and perceptions held by students at a rural higher education institution in South Africa regarding sexual harassment and related policies. Additionally, it explored the role of these policies in educating students about sexual harassment, with the goal of preventing and deterring such behavior within the ‘University of uThukela’. Recent credible sources indicate a lack of effective interventions to address the troubling prevalence of sexual harassment within South African higher education institutions.
Design/methodology/approach - This study employed a qualitative exploratory design utilising a multimethod approach, grounded in the Interpretivist Paradigm, to investigate sexual harassment issues. Semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and a knowledge test served as the primary data collection tools. Research participants were identified through purposive, self-selection (volunteer), and snowball sampling techniques. Thematic analysis was applied to analyse the collected information.
Findings - The study revealed the pervasive nature of sexual harassment within the ‘University of uThukela’. While student participants demonstrated a general awareness of sexual harassment, they exhibited limited familiarity with the institution's policy. Additionally, the institution has a deficiency in adequately trained personnel to handle reports of sexual harassment. Feedback from support specialists interviewed indicates that incidents of sexual harassment negatively impact students' academic performance, health, and social well-being. Based on these findings, recommendations include enhancing students' understanding of sexual harassment policies and revising the institution's reporting procedures.
Practical and theoretical implications - The study confirmed the prevalence of sexual harassment in a rural higher education institution in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. While participants exhibited a basic awareness of sexual harassment, they lacked comprehensive knowledge of institutional policies. Moreover, sexual harassment significantly affects students' lives and academic pursuits. Despite the mandate for Higher education institutions to establish and enforce sexual harassment policies, the problem persists among students. Limited research has explored the importance of student involvement in the development of such policies.
Originality/value - Despite recognition of sexual harassment within the ‘University of uThukela’, efforts to implement and enforce policies and reporting protocols among students in this rural institution appear inadequate.
OKUHUNYUSHWE NGOLIMOKUFINQGIQWE
‘Inyuvesi yasoThukela’ yigama le-placebo elisetshenziselwa ukuvikela ubunikazi beNyuvesi.
Inhloso- Ukuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili ezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme kubonakala kuwudaba oluqhubekayo oludabukisayo nolwesabekayo kubafundi. Inhloso yalolu cwaningo bekuwukuqondisisa kahle ulwazi nemibono abafundi abanayo mayelana nemigomo yokuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili abasesikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme yasezindaweni zasemakhaya eNingizimu Afrika, kanye neqhaza elibanjwe yinqubomgomo kulesi sikhungo ekufundiseni abafundi lobugebengu, ngenhloso yokuvimbela kanye nokunqanda ukuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili ngaphakathi 'eNyuvesi yasoThukela'. Ngokwemithombo yakamuva ethembekile, khona ukungenelela okuncane okusebenzayo ‘ukunqanda uhlobo oluyinkinga lokuhlukumezeka ngokobulili ezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme lapha eNingizimu Afrika.
Umklamo/indlela- Ukubhekana nalezi zinhloso, lolu cwaningo lusebenzise i-Qualitative exploratory design ngokusekelwa i-Multimethod approach, lwaphinda lwagxila ku-hermeneutics paradigm ekuqondeni izindaba zokuhlukumeza ngokobulili, ikakhulukazi, lolucwaningo lusebenzise izingxoxo ezingahlelekile, izingxoxo zamaqembu amancane, kanye nesivivinyo sokuhlolwa kolwazi. Kusetshenziswe amasampula okuhloswe ngawo nowokuzikhethela, kanye namavolontiya ukuze kutholakale futhi kukhiqizwe imibuzo yocwaningo. Kusetshenziswe i-Thematic analysis ukuhlaziya idatha eqoqwe ocwaningweni.
Imiphumela- Lolu cwaningo luveze ukuthi ukuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili kudlangile ngaphakathi ‘eNyuvesi yasoThukela’. Abafundi ababambe iqhaza bakhombise ulwazi olujwayelekile lokuhlukumeza ngokobulili. Kodwa-ke, bakhombise ulwazi oluncane ngenqubomgomo yesikhungo. Okutholakele kuphinde kwaveza ukuthi isikhungo asinabo abantu abaqeqeshiwe ngokuthola amacala okunukubezwa ngokobulili. Ngokusho kwezikhungo zochwepheshe ezibe ingxenye kwi-interview, ezisiza abafundi mayelana nezigameko zabo zokuhlukunyezwa ngokobulilii, kuvele ukuthi lokhu kuhlukumezeka kwabafundi kunomthelela ekusebenzeni kwabo ezifundweni zabo, ezempilo kanye nenhlalakahle yabo. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yocwaningo, kunconywa ukuthi abafundi bafundiswe ngezinqubomgomo zokuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili kanye noshintsho lwezikhungo zokubika ngokuhlukunyezwa kobulili.
Okuwusizo-kanye-nethiyori-yemiphumela--Sekuqinisekisiwe-ukuthi ukuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili esikhungweni semfundo ephakeme yasemakhaya kuyaqhubeka futhi kuyenzeka. Abafundi babonise ulwazi olujwayelekile ngokwazi olunzulo kokuhlukumezeka ngokobulili, kodwa bakhombisa ukungayazi ngokwanele inqubomgomo yokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunukubezwa ngokobulili kubonakala kunomthelela omubi kakhulu empilweni yomfundi kanye nohambo-lokufunda.-Zimbalwa-kakhulu-izifundo-eziye-zathola-ukubaluleka kokubandakanya-kwabafundi-ekuthuthukisweni-kwezinqubomgomo zokuhlukunyezwa ngokobilili. Kugunyazwe ukuthi zonke izikhungo ezingaphansi kombuso zishaye futhi zisebenzise-imigomo-yokuhlukunyezwa-ngokobulili.-Nokho,-izigameko zokuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili zisadlangile phakathi kwabafundi.
Okwangempela/inani--Izehlakalo-zokuhlukumezeka-ngokobulili-‘eNyuvesi yasoThukela’-seziphawuliwe,-kodwa-kubonakala-kunezinyathelo-ezincane zokusebenzisa-inqubomgomo-kanye-nenqubo-yokubika-yokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi kwabafundi bakulesi sikhungo sasemakhaya.OKUHUNYUSHWE NGOLIMI LWESIZULU
KUFINQGIQWE
‘Inyuvesi yasoThukela’ yigama le-placebo elisetshenziselwa ukuvikela ubunikazi beNyuvesi.
Inhloso- Ukuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili ezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme kubonakala kuwudaba oluqhubekayo oludabukisayo nolwesabekayo kubafundi. Inhloso yalolu cwaningo bekuwukuqondisisa kahle ulwazi nemibono abafundi abanayo mayelana nemigomo yokuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili abasesikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme yasezindaweni zasemakhaya eNingizimu Afrika, kanye neqhaza elibanjwe yinqubomgomo kulesi sikhungo ekufundiseni abafundi lobugebengu, ngenhloso yokuvimbela kanye nokunqanda ukuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili ngaphakathi 'eNyuvesi yasoThukela'. Ngokwemithombo yakamuva ethembekile, khona ukungenelela okuncane okusebenzayo ‘ukunqanda uhlobo oluyinkinga lokuhlukumezeka ngokobulili ezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme lapha eNingizimu Afrika.
Umklamo/indlela- Ukubhekana nalezi zinhloso, lolu cwaningo lusebenzise i-Qualitative exploratory design ngokusekelwa i-Multimethod approach, lwaphinda lwagxila ku-hermeneutics paradigm ekuqondeni izindaba zokuhlukumeza ngokobulili, ikakhulukazi, lolucwaningo lusebenzise izingxoxo ezingahlelekile, izingxoxo zamaqembu amancane, kanye nesivivinyo sokuhlolwa kolwazi. Kusetshenziswe amasampula okuhloswe ngawo nowokuzikhethela, kanye namavolontiya ukuze kutholakale futhi kukhiqizwe imibuzo yocwaningo. Kusetshenziswe i-Thematic analysis ukuhlaziya idatha eqoqwe ocwaningweni.
Imiphumela- Lolu cwaningo luveze ukuthi ukuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili kudlangile ngaphakathi ‘eNyuvesi yasoThukela’. Abafundi ababambe iqhaza bakhombise ulwazi olujwayelekile lokuhlukumeza ngokobulili. Kodwa-ke, bakhombise ulwazi oluncane ngenqubomgomo yesikhungo. Okutholakele kuphinde kwaveza ukuthi isikhungo asinabo abantu abaqeqeshiwe ngokuthola amacala okunukubezwa ngokobulili. Ngokusho kwezikhungo zochwepheshe ezibe ingxenye kwi-interview, ezisiza abafundi mayelana nezigameko zabo zokuhlukunyezwa ngokobulilii, kuvele ukuthi lokhu kuhlukumezeka kwabafundi kunomthelela ekusebenzeni kwabo ezifundweni zabo, ezempilo kanye nenhlalakahle yabo. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yocwaningo, kunconywa ukuthi abafundi bafundiswe ngezinqubomgomo zokuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili kanye noshintsho lwezikhungo zokubika ngokuhlukunyezwa kobulili.
Okuwusizo-kanye-nethiyori-yemiphumela--Sekuqinisekisiwe-ukuthi ukuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili esikhungweni semfundo ephakeme yasemakhaya kuyaqhubeka futhi yenzeka. Abafundi babonise ulwazi olujwayelekile ngokwazi olunzulo kokuhlukumezeka ngokobulili, kodwa bakhombisa ukungayazi ngokwanele inqubomgomo yokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunukubezwa ngokobulili kubonakala kunomthelela omubi kakhulu empilweni yomfundi kanye nohambo-lokufunda.-Zimbalwa-kakhulu-izifundo-eziye-zathola-ukubaluleka kokubandakanya-kwabafundi-ekuthuthukisweni-kwezinqubomgomo zokuhlukunyezwa ngokobilili. Kugunyazwe ukuthi zonke izikhungo ezingaphansi kombuso zishaye futhi zisebenzise-imigomo-yokuhlukunyezwa-ngokobulili.-Nokho,-izigameko zokuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili zisadlangile phakathi kwabafundi.
Okwangempela/inani--Izehlakalo-zokuhlukumezeka-ngokobulili-‘eNyuvesi asoThukela’-seziphawuliwe,-kodwa-kubonakala-kunezinyathelo-ezincane zokusebenzisa-inqubomgomo-kanye-nenqubo-yokubika-yokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi kwabafundi bakulesi sikhungo sasemakhaya.
Amagama angukhiye: Izinqubomgomo, ukuhlukunyezwa ngokobilili, imikhankaso, ukungalingani ngokobulili, izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme, umbono, ulwazi, abafundi, ukuqeqeshwa