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Treatments, therapies and activities in learners with autism spectrum disorder and the efficacy of selected interventions on social communication
Get PDFThesis submitted for the degree Philosphiae Doctor in Department of Human Movement Science in the Faculty of Science and Agriculture at the University of Zululand, 2019.Despite the sensitivity of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and the fact that there is an increase worldwide as well as in South Africa, parents/guardians and learners face many challenges on a daily basis. The difficulties that many of these parents/guardians and learners’ face are with social communications; social interaction; restricted and repetitive behavior patterns and interest in specific objects or topics. There are various treatments, therapies, interventions and activities available for these learners’. The objective of this study is to describe current treatments, therapies, interventions and activities utilized by learners diagnosed with ASD in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. As well as to investigate the efficacy of interventions on the learners’ social communications. The study also aimed to describe current pharmaceutical and supplement-based treatments used by learner diagnosed with ASD. The study also explored the role of a sensory integration intervention on mood, behavior and cognition of learners diagnosed with ASD. The study examines the effects of motor skill and horse riding activities on the social communication skills of learners diagnosed with ASD.
The study collected data from various schools and centers (specializing in ASD), parents/guardians of learners diagnosed with ASD. Data was obtained through three methods: 1) Pharmaceutical and Supplement-based treatment survey, 2) Sensory Integration intervention program, and 3) Motor skill and Horse Riding activity observations. No differentiation was made between race groups during the study. The pharmaceutical and supplement-based survey consisted 24 children aged 2-12 years diagnosed with ASD. The sensory integration therapy, twelve children aged 2-7 years participated in the intervention. In the motor skill activity case study, three boys aged 6-8 years were observed in the horse riding lesson, four boys age 9-13 participated.
The results of the study identified the various treatments therapies, interventions and activities that can assist that learners diagnosed with ASD to participate in daily activities. These finding will also assist parents and tutors working with learners on a daily basis. Considering the increase in prevalence of ASD, it is very important that more education is provided on which treatment, therapy, intervention and activity suitable is for their child. Awareness raising in the media to reduce the stigma, improve understanding of ASD, encouragement for early diagnoses and encouragement take up of various interventions to address symptoms associated with ASD is also important
Female principals’ skills of managing conflict in primary schools dominated by female teachers in the Gingindlovu Circuit
Get PDFA dissertation submitted in accordance with the requirements for the Master’s Degree in Educational Management in the Department of Educational Planning and Administration, Faculty of Education at the University of Zululand, 2019.Although the number of women managers in education is increasing, women continue to experience problems that prevent them from realising their full potential particularly as conflict managers. When female teachers are promoted to principalship positions, there are no programmes to equip them with relevant management skills required to lead and manage the schools effectively. This has resulted in some female principals showing lack of confidence in resolving conflict in schools, particularly where the staff is dominated by female teachers. Female principals tend to rely on their male colleagues should there be a case where they have to implement disciplinary measures. The aim of this study was to explore female principals’ skills of managing conflict in primary schools dominated by female teachers in the Gingindlovu Circuit. This study used a qualitative approach, collecting data through face-to-face interviews. Purposive sampling procedure was used to select participants for this study. The study established that female principals have skills of managing conflict despite their gender roles that have been taken as determinants that females may not do well as managers. Some gender roles, which include nurturing and accommodating, have been identified as key to female principals in assisting them when resolving conflict at the work place where the staff is dominated by female teachers. However, they still need to learn more about skills of managing conflict in schools. The study recommends that female principals be workshopped on how to manage conflict in a school situation soon after they have been appointed. A comparative study between female and male principals regarding management skills they have for resolving conflicts is recommended.National Research Foundatio
Measuring Service Quality Delivered to Undergraduate Students in the Department of Business Management, University of Zululand
Get PDFA dissertation submitted in fulfillment of the academic requirements for the degree of Master of Commerce in the Department of Business Management in Faculty of Commerce, Administration and Law the, University of Zululand, 2019.Purpose: This study examined the measuring of service quality delivered to undergraduate students in the Department of Business Management at the University of Zululand. The purpose was to conceptualise and have critical thinking of the services rendered to undergraduate students at the Business Management Department, and whether it is commensurate to the provision of modern facilities, and other resources used by lecturers on daily basis in the institution.
Approach: A quantitative research design grounded on survey method was employed for the study. The census research approach was used to select 106 third-year undergraduate students at the Business Management Department. The survey used questionnaire as instrument to collect data from third-year business management undergraduate students. The targeted population was 106 third-year undergraduate students, and 106 questionnaires were administered to them. Of the 106 questionnaires administered, only 87 were received back, which was also used in analysis of the results for the students. Descriptive and inferential statistics was used for analysis of this study.
Results: Findings from the study revealed that modern facilities were used to deliver quality services of teaching, research, and supervision of students. Many of the respondents attested to availability of physical facilities used by lecturers at the Department of Business Management, which are appealing to the undergraduate students. It revealed that the institution provides the students with adequate support in terms of bursary and reading materials in the library. Provision of adequate and qualified academic staff was observed to have helped and to have strengthened the services of teaching, learning and supervision offered to students at the Department of Business Management. Office space of lecturers was not big and adequate to facilitate discussion classes and group presentations when the need arises.
The majority of respondents attested to adequate study guide materials at the Department of Business Management. Most of the lecturers are always willing, sympathetic and reassuring to assist students whenever they have challenges with their studies. The student population of the Business Management Department does not give the lecturers much opportunity and the time required for adequate and quality time for teaching, learning and supervision. The majority indicated consultation hours offered 2 by lecturers and tutors as another factor. Many respondents emphasised that they did not have challenges with frequent communication in written and spoken standard English language. Some of the students have issues with local languages such as isiZulu, isiXhosa and isiNdebele used as substitute, while attending to their studies as well as group work with fellow students. The results also indicated that respondents find it difficult to adapt considering the large numbers of students in classes, as this has some implications on their academic performance. There was no counselling guidance, which could help them if their lecturers, tutors and colleagues were unable to help with their academic performance or pursuit.
Based on the findings, several recommendations were made which include: the need to have efficient, effective and quality services delivered on a regular basis. The need to have more recent and diverse materials that could meet the broad needs of the students. The need to have wide or adequate offices space by lecturers in order to facilitate the discussion classes and group presentations whenever they chose to do so. The willingness, sympathy and reassurance given to students whenever there is need, arises from strengthened and re-awakened effort of lecturers. Originality/value: Students were satisfied with the services rendered to them through available modern facilities used by lecturers. The credence made on effective and efficient services rendered by lecturers at different intervals in teaching, learning and supervisory roles. Improved consultation hours of lecturers and tutors could assist students’ inadequacy in study and materials required. The willingness and reassurance by lecturers and Department of Business Management to the students could strengthen and re-awaken their morals
Assessing the contribution of eco-tourism to sustainable development in Umkhanyakude District Municipality
No full textA thesis submitted in fulfillment of the academic requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Anthropology and Developmental Studies in the Faculty of Arts, University of Zululand, 2020.Ecotourism has positively been contributing to job creation, small business development and poverty alleviation. Guided by this perspective, this study sought to assess the contribution of ecotourism to sustainable development in the UMkhanyakude District Municipality in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The participants were selected through a combination of simple random and purposive sampling techniques; thus, 32 participants were purposively sampled from each of the four local municipalities (Hlabisa, Jozini, Mtubatuba and UMhlabuyalingana), while 172 respondents were selected using simple random sampling, resulting in a total of 204 participants. The study employed a parallel convergent design consisting of qualitative and quantitative research methods. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from programme officials, project managers and owners of ecotourism ventures; while questionnaires were administered to elicit data from community members between May and June 2018. The study found that ecotourism had been partially implemented in UMkhanyakude’s four local municipalities, with the scope and intensity of such projects varying across the municipalities. The results reveal a degree of excellence in some of these initiatives, particularly in Mtubatuba (40%); Hlabisa (30%), UMhlabuyalingana (20%) and Jozini (10%) which, to some extent, helped mitigate poverty and unemployment in these areas. Contrary, the results show that ecotourism in areas such as Jozini had been largely underdeveloped and under-resourced. In this area, perceptions around the benefits of ecotourism were low (20%) and community participation was also significantly low (20%) in comparison with other local municipalities. These results indicate that despite lack of financial resources, opportunities still exist in terms of improving the implementation of ecotourism in UMkhanyakude, provided that local communities are properly capacitated to participate and benefit from these services. To this end, the study recommends the adoption of the Community-Based Sourcing Model to ensure that the people of UMkhanyakude benefit from ecotourism.National Institutes for the Humanities and Social Sciences (NIHSS)
South African Humanities Deans Association (SAHUDA
An Afrocentric model of understanding substance abuse among high school learners in King Cetshwayo District.
Get PDFA thesis submitted to the Department of Educational Psychology and Special Education in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education in the Faculty of Education at the University of Zululand, 2019.This study explored substance abuse among high school learners in King Cetshwayo district. The main concern, on which this study was based, was on the rise in substance abuse by high school learners and the risk behaviours associated with it in spite of all endeavours being made against substance abuse by various non-governmental organisations and the government. Owing to the fact that all these endeavours did not seem to show expected results, the researcher felt that there was a need to look at substance abuse from an Afrocentric perspective.
This study was motivated among others, by Afrocentric theory of Asante which emphasises the African identity from the perspective of African people as centred, located, oriented, and grounded and stresses the dire need for African people to be re-located historically, economically, socially, politically, educationally and philosophically. It was again also based on Bowen family systems theory, which is about the emotional functioning of the human species.
This study adopted a mixed method approach making use of both qualitative and quantitative methods. Questionnaires were utilised for quantitative data collection and interviews were utilised to gather qualitative data from primary respondents (learners), parents and educators.
The findings of the study revealed that the main substances of abuse by learners in King Cetshwayo district were cigarettes at 83%; alcohol at 64% and dagga at 27%. It was found that 77% of the learners were found to be influenced by friends or peers to abuse substances. The findings also revealed that learners were involved in substance abuse because of stress caused by parent-child relationships and stigmatisation both by parents and educators who failed to support them. It was also revealed that the family structure plays a role in substance abuse since 30% of the learners stay with their mothers only. The lack of role models in the community was one of the causes for learners’ abuse of substances.
It was recommended that parent-child relationships be strengthened and that parents should teach their children about substance abuse and be role models to their children.
Parents should again educate their children about African values and morals before they commence with schooling. Educators should also be skilled on how to reverse moral regeneration by focussing on Afrocentric norms and values to be emulated by learners. An Afrocentric model of understanding substance abuse should be adopted. This model is based on the idea that if people who are concerned with the development of a child, can be embedded with African morals and values and be empowered with the necessary skills, they can be in a better position to assist learners to fight against substance abuse
Presupposition and sentence synonyms as semantic devices in selected Yorùbá proverbs
Get PDFPeer reviewed article published under Inkanyiso journal, Volume 11 Number 1, p.80 - 92, November 2019Proverbs are witty expressions precipitated by warranted situations. These
situations can be likened to certain occurrences or events which took place
aforetime to invoke a proverb match. In other words, whenever there is an
occurrence or event, an appropriate proverb that suits such an occurrence, is
employed. The paper therefore considers some Yorùbá proverbs with a view to
unraveling not only their meaning equivalence in English, but to infer from such
proverbs, their underlying assumptions and proffer solutions to their inherent
problems. Employing the appraisal theory of J.R. Martin (2000) through the
resources of Semantics, the study intends to consider the ways we can express
our personal views while reacting to the views of others. The paper analyses fifteen
Yorùbá proverbs based on the semantic devices of presupposition and sentence
synonyms inherent in them. The fifteen Yorùbá proverbs are translated from the
source language,Yorùbá, to English in order to unravel the intended meanings of
the proverb. Thus, the paper reveals that certain Yorùbá proverbs do not only serve
as antidotes to correct morals or societal ills, but that they are basically employed
to elicit information regarding the veracity or otherwise of some facts relating to
humans and invariably, certain inanimate entities with human attributes. The
identified Yorùbá proverbs are shown to attract diverse meaning possibilities and/or
sentence synonyms. The paper therefore concludes by affirming that Yorùbá
proverbs are not only genre sensitive, but user dependent since circumstances or
events relating to humans are involved
Substance dependency post-treatment relapse causes among youth involuntary service users in UThungulu District, KwaZulu-Natal.
Get PDFUcwaningo ngokusetshenziswa kolimi lwesiZulu ngenhloso yokuqhakanjiswa kwala makhono: elokulalela, elokubhala, elokufunda, elokukhuluma kanye nelokwethula lwenziwe ezikoleni ezikhethiwe esifundeni saseKing Cetshwayo
Get PDFLwethulwa ukufeza izidingo zeziqu zobudokotela kwinzululwazi (Doctor of Philosophy) emnyangweni wezilimi zomdabu namasiko enyuvesi yaKwaZulu, 2019Iqoqa lalo msebenzi wocwaningo lokusetshenziswa kolimi lwesiZulu ukuze kuqhakanjiswe
amakhono aqukethe ubumtoti, ukuhlwabusa nokuyihlaba esikhonkosini ngolimi lwesiZulu
luhlelwe lwaba izahluko eziyisishiyagalombili.
Isahluko sokuqala isethulo socwaningo esethula ucwaningo ngokupheleleyo. Lapha
kubukwa intshisekelo yocwaningo, izinhloso zocwaningo, amakhono, izindlela zokuqhuba
ucwaningo, umklamo wocwaningo, imibono yongoti, abazohlomula, uhlaka lwezahluko
nesiphetho.
Isahluko sesibili sethula ikhono lokulalela nokuzwa. Lesi sahluko sethula umehluko
phakathi kokulalela nokulalelisisa ngenhloso yokuzwa uqonde. Sethula izindlela zokulalela,
izindlela zokufundisa ukulalela kanye nenzwa yokulalela.
Isahluko sesithathu sethula injulakuhlaziya ulwazi ngamakhono okusetshenziswa kolimi.
Kulesi sahluko kubhekwe okushiwo ongoti abehlukene behlaziya imiphumela eyehlukene
ngokubuka injula yolwazi nxazonke.
Isahluko sesine sethula izindlela noma amasu okuqhuba ucwaningo. Kula masu
kusetshenziswe uhla-mbuzo isizindalwazi (inthanethi), ukuhanjelwa kwezithangami,
amaphephandaba, ukubuxoxa nezinjulabuchopho nezazi emikhakheni ethile. Kube
sekuvezwa ngokolandela imibono yongoti okuncomekayo ngezindlela ezisetshenziswayo
uma kuqoqwa ulwazi kanye nokufekela kwazo.
Isahluko sesihlanu sethula ukuhlelwa nokwethulwa kolwazi oluqoqiwe. Njengoba ulwazi
luqoqwe ezingxenyeni ezehlukene lube seluhlelwa kanjalo. Kunolwazi oluqoqwe kothisha,
bamabanga aphansi naphezulu, olunye luqoqwe kubafundi nabo ngokwehlukana
kwamazinga. Olunye luqoqwe ezikhulwini zeminyango kaHulumeni emihlanganweni, olunye
beluqoqwa ezingxoxweni nezazi ezehlukene, ulwazi lwamaphephandaba, izincwadi imibhalo
yongoti, ingosi yesizindalwazi (inthanethi) nakumabonisakude imbala.
Isahluko sesithupha sethula ikhono lokubhala, elokufunda nelokuphendula. La makhono
ehlukene kepha asebenza ngokubambisana kanti kuvamile ukuba asebenze ngesikhathi
vii
esisodwa kanyekanye. Lesi sahluko sethule izindlela ezinconywe ongoti zokufundiswa
kwekhono lokufunda, elokubhala nelobuciko bokuphendula imibuzo. Lesi sahluko sibuye
sethula ikhono lokukhuluma nokwethula. Ukwethula nokukhuluma kuzwakala kufana ngoba
ngisho kwethulwa inkulumo kusuke kukhulunywa. Lezi zimo zidinga amanye amakhono
ukuze okukhulunywayo nokwethulwayo kudlule ngobuciko kuya kwabalalele nabethamele.
Ongoti baphawulile ngala makhono beveza umehluko kanye namasu okucija ikhono
lokukhuluma nokwethula. Babuye baphawula ngezimo ezinqinda ukusetshenziswa kwala
makhono ngenzuzo.
Isahluko sesikhombisa sethula ukuhlaziywa kolwazi lwamakhono olimi oluqoqiwe. Ikhono
lokulalela nokuzwa, ikhono lokubhala, elokufunda, elokuphendula imibuzo, elokukhuluma
nokwethula, ukuphumelela kwabafundi, ukuqeqesheka kothisha kanye nokulumbana kolimi
nezombusazwe.
Isahluko sesishiyagalombili sethula ukuhlaziywa kwamakhono, izincomo zocwaningo
ngakho kubalwa ikhono lokulalela, ukufunda nokwazi ukuphendula imibuzo ngokunembayo
nokusetshenziswa kwekhono lokubhala ngokubhala ubhalomagama olwamukelekile kanye
nesiphetho
A strategy to enhance management performance of principals in full-service schools at Amajuba district
No full textA thesis submitted in fulfillment of the academic requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Educational Psychology & Special Needs Education, Faculty of Education, University of Zululand, 2019.This study aimed at designing a strategy to enhance the management performance of principals in full-service schools at Amajuba District. South African school principals are experiencing problems in sustaining expected educational outcomes in their schools due to a lack of accountability at all levels; such problems hinder effective and efficient management and include a lack of financial control and financial management, weak leadership, inequalities, lack of skills and strategies to handle conflicts, lack of initiation and innovation, and lack of parental support. Compounding factors are: Management of undisciplined learners, inadequate teaching and learning resources, staff absenteeism, insubordination, and the introduction of new policies such as Inclusive Education (IE) and Transformation of a Schooling System (TSS), which confuses learners and teachers. This study is based on social constructionism which emphasises that all cognitive functions, including learning, depend on interaction with others, which is based on real-life adaptive problem-solving. Participatory Action Research was used in this study to coordinate the activities of all the full-service school principals to allow them to work collaboratively in enhancing their management performance. They were guided by the objectives of the study, where the study explored the challenges encountered by the principals in full-service schools. It also analysed components of the strategy that have been formulated to understand the necessary contextual conditions for the effective and successful implementation of these strategies and anticipated the threats towards the emerging strategies to formulate a risk management system and test emerging strategies. The outcomes were reviewed to discover whether the intended aim of enhancing the management performance of principals in full-service schools had been achieved. Data was collected and analysed by using critical discourse analysis (CDA), taking into cognisance that data has to be analysed using text, discursive and a societal approach to give its meaning
Agro-morphological, nutritional variability and heritability studies of Lagenaria siceraria landraces in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Get PDFA thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree Master of Science in the Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Science at the University of Zululand, 2019.Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standley of the Cucurbitaceae family is one of many
underutilised ancient cultigens with great economic potential. Its nutritious tender
shoots, flowers, fruits, and seeds are of culinary use and widely consumed in rural
communities as a vegetable relish. It has abundant nutrients and minerals essential for
human health. However, research on morphological and nutritional variation among L.
siceraria landraces from South Africa is very marginal. Therefore, the objective of this
study was to characterise variability in growth, yield and nutritional composition among
L. siceraria landraces from northern KwaZulu-Natal. L. siceraria landraces with various
fruit and seed morphology, collected from different agro-ecological areas of northern
KwaZulu-Natal were grown in a randomised complete block design with three
replications over two summer seasons. Seedling, vegetative and reproductive traits
were compared among landraces, while pulp of the mature fruit was analysed for
nutrient composition. Analysis of variance, correlation, principal component analysis,
cluster analysis and heritability estimates were conducted on morphological traits and
nutrient content. Landraces with different fruit and seed morphology, from different
areas varied significantly in seedling, vegetative and reproductive traits as well as
nutrient content. Significant positive correlations were mainly recorded among
reproductive traits and also among the majority of nutrients. The first five and three
informative principal components were responsible for 74.393% and 80.270% of the
total variability in morphological traits and nutrient composition, respectively. First
components (PC1) with 26.635% and 42.076% variability were positively associated
with most of morphological traits and nutrients, respectively. In morphological trait and
nutrient analyses, biplot and dendrogram grouped landraces mainly according to fruit
and seed morphology and then their origin. High heritability estimates were recorded
among fruit and seed traits as well as among various nutrients. Therefore, this study
can be the foundation for strategic improvement, direct production or conservation of
the Lagenaria siceraria using these landraces.University of Zululand postgraduate Bursary; Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisherie