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Reconstruction of modified Gauss–Bonnet gravity for emergent universe
Get PDFReconstruction of modified Gauss–Bonnet gravity for emergent universeWe present a flat emergent universe model in modified Gauss–Bonnet gravity in four
dimensions. The emergent universe model is free from a big-bang singularity and also
describes the observed universe fairly well. It is assumed that the present universe
emerged from a static Einstein universe phase that exists in the infinite past. To obtain
the flat emergent universe model, we reconstruct mimetic modified f(G)-gravity (G
representing Gauss–Bonnet terms). The functional form of f(G)-gravity is determined
with or without matter, and can accommodate the early inflation and late accelerating
phases satisfactorily. In contrast, in Einstein’s general theory of relativity, a flat emergent
universe was obtained within the modified matter sector
Teaching English home language to foundation phase learners from diverse backgrounds
Get PDFTeaching English home language to foundation phase learners from diverse backgroundsBackground: Teaching English as home language (EHL) could be a complicated process in a
country like South Africa, where there are eleven official languages operating in a multicultural
society. This requires capacitating teachers with appropriate and relevant strategies to
strengthen their teaching, especially in the foundation phase.
Aim: This paper examines the appropriateness and relevance of the extant strategies for
teaching EHL comprehension skills to foundation phase learners from diverse language
backgrounds.
Setting: This study was conducted in King Cetshwayo District, KwaZulu-Natal,
South Africa.
Methods: This was a qualitative case study involving four purposively selected grade one
teachers in one urban primary in South Africa. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews,
field observations and document analysis. Content analysis was used to analyse the data.
Results: The two main findings were that (a) the teaching of EHL comprehensions skills lacked
the appropriate strategies, and (b) the teachers faced several challenges – including operating
under an unclear policy framework, the paucity of strategies in phonological awareness, and
the lack of appropriate reflection images to which the learners could be exposed to improve
their skills.
Conclusion: The study concludes that adequate and regular professional teacher development
programmes and activities are needed to enable teachers to do their work more effectively.
Contribution: By closely and systematically examining the strategies used by teachers who
were non-native English speakers, to teach EHL to leaners who were also non-native English
speakers, this study has made important contributions to both attendant theory and classroom
practice
Analysing the impact of Covid-19 on the livelihoods of communities adjacent to protected areas: Machibini community and Hluhluwe Umfolozi Park
Get PDFA research project submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for Master of Arts in Geography to the Department of Geography and Environmental Studies in the Faculty of Science and Agriculture at the University of Zululand.This study aims to analyse how the Covid-19 pandemic affected the livelihoods of the Machibini community adjacent to Hluhluwe Imfolozi Park (HIP). Its objectives are to a) analyse the livelihood activities of the Machibini community before the Covid-19 pandemic, b) evaluate the impact of Covid-19 on the livelihood activities of the Machibini community, c) evaluate the local community’s access to resources found within the HIP during the pandemic, d) explore the coping strategies utilised by the community members to deal with the impacts of Covid-19 and, e) propose strategies which can be implemented to assist rural communities to respond to disasters. To achieve this a qualitative research methodology was used in which the community members, the traditional authority of the Machibini community as well as the HIP park official were interviewed. The findings show that the Machibini community engage in various livelihoods. While some livelihoods require resources from the HIP, others do not. The pandemic affected the livelihoods of the respondents in different measures. Some respondents lost their only income-generating schemes, while others managed to maintain their livelihoods. The results also show that the respondents were granted access to the park to extract the resources they needed although the harvesting period was cut short during the pandemic. To cope with the challenges brought about by the pandemic, some respondents engaged in entirely new livelihoods such as selling chickens and fast foods. Based on these findings, the study recommends that the Hluhluwe Imfolozi Park (HIP) and the traditional authority must work together to establish a system that will ensure that information about the availability of employment opportunities in the park is disseminated to every part of this community. In this way, everyone has a fair chance of getting employment. It is also imperative for the park to make their employees' contracts permanent. The Machibini community also needs life skills programmes and other necessary facilities that will foster their livelihoods. The community members, through the assistance of the park, can open an online store that is featured on the HIP’s website since there is a larger audience there to sell their handicrafts to. This way, even if the people’s crafts are not sold physically due to disruptions such as the Covid-19 pandemic, they will be available and sold on this online platform.OKUHUNYUSHWE NGOLIMI LWESIZULU
OKUFINGQIWE
I-Strychnos spinosa Lam., eyaziwa ngokuthi iwolintshi eliluhlaza lezinkawu ngesiLungu kanye nomHlala ngesiZulu, ingeyomndeni wezihlahla ze-Loganiaceae. Ingeyokudabuka e-Afrika, kanti eNingizimu Afrika ivamise kakhulu ezifundazweni zaseMpumalanga-Kapa, eLimpopo, KwaZulu-Natali naseMpumalanga. Isetshenziselwa ukudla, imithi kanye nokwenza ngcono isimo senhlalo-mnotho yemiphakathi yasemakhaya. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo olwazini lwendabuko, ukuhlukahluka kokuma komHlala, ukukhiqizeka komsoco, kanye nezakhi zolibo-fuzo phakathi kwezinhlobo zomHlala, alutholakali kahle emqulwini yezocwaningo kuzwelonke. Ngakho, lolu cwaningo lwaluhlose ukuqopha ulwazi lwendabuko, ukuhluka kokuma, umsoco, kanye nolibo-fuzo phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zomHlala. Ulwazi lwendabuko ngomHlala lwaqoshwa emphakathini wasOyemeni, kanti ukuhluka kokuma, umsoco kanye nokuhlaziywa kolibo-fuzo kwahlolwa kuzinhlobo zasesiqiwini saseBonamanzi, eNyakatho neKwaZulu-Natali. Ukusetshenziswa komdabu komHlala kwakuhlanganisa ukudliwa kwezithelo zawo; ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo neziphuzo zasendaweni kanye nezakhamzimba, njengomBhantshi, amaHewu, utshwala, ijusi, kanye nojamu; amakhambi ehlukahlukene; kanjalo nokuvikela amakhaya, ukwanda kwemfuyo kanye nokubaswa njengezinkuni. Umphakathi wasOyemeni unikeze umbiko wokuqala emhlabeni jikelele wokusebenzisa izithelo zomHlala ukwenza umBhantshi, kanye nolwazi lwendabuko ngokuhlukahluka kokuma kanye nokunambitheka okukhona ngaphakathi kwezinhlobo zomHlala. Kahle-hle, lonke ucwaningo lwaluwubufakazi bokuqala emhlabeni jikelele bokuhluka phakathi kwezinhlobo zomHlala, olusekelwe ngokuma, umsoco, kanye nolibo-fuzo. Lokhu kwakuhlanganisa nombiko wokuqala-ngqa wokuveza ubukhona bomubala onsomi emaqabungeni asanda kuhluma kanye nasezithelweni; ukwakhekha kwezithelo ezishakhula ezimise okwamaganandoda; kanye nezithelo ezinamagobolondo amahhadlahhadla. Izinto eziyimbangela emqoka yokuhlukana kwezihlahla zomHlala zazencike kulokhu okulandelayo: izimpawu zezithelo nembewu, kanye ne-calcium, i-phosphorus, i-magnesium, ithusi, insimbi, i-manganese, amafutha, i-acid detergent fiber, i-neutral detergent fiber, i-sodium, kanye namaprotheni. Lezinhlobo zomHlala ezilandelayo: GRR-dGEO, GRxCP-GEF, GvRxCR-GEF, GRxCP-dGEF, PRR-dGRF, PRxCP-GEO, GvRR-dGEO, GvRR-GRO, GRxCR-dGEF, kanye no-GRxCR-dGEO, zaqoqana ndawonye ekuhlaziyweni kwazo
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ngenxa yokuhlotshaniswa ukuba namagobolondo amahhadlahhadla, izithelo eziyizinsunsu, ukuba nezithelo ezinezakhi-mzimba eziphezulu, kanye nokuhlobana kolibo-fuzo. Lezinhlobo zomHlali zingasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokwandisa kuphinde kukhiqizwe izinhlobo ezahlukene zokudla, ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni ehlukahlukene yokudla kanye nokuhweba. Lolucwaningo luphinde lwabika ngokokuqala-ngqa ukuveza indlela yokubona ulibo-fuzo phakathi kwezinhlobo zomHlala kubukwa indlela ulibo olwakhiwe lwabuye lwaphinda-phinda (simple sequence repeat markers) ngayo enhlobeni ngayinye yomHlala. Imiphumela yokuhlukahluka kokuma kanye nolibo-fuzo lwezinhlobo ezahlukene zomHlala ingasetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa lezi zinhlobo zezithelo ukuze zenzelwe ukuhweba kanye nokuphepha kokudla okuthuthukisiwe, njengoba izithelo zomHlala zinezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zomsoco ezingaphezu kwezithelo ezithengiswayo nezaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni
An investigation into marketing activities role on the purchase of private label brands: A systematic review of trends in literature
Get PDFAn investigation into marketing activities role on the purchase of private label brands: A systematic review of trends in literatureThe upsurge of private label brands has allowed retailers to expand their product offerings. However, these brands have been met with varying perceptions among consumers across the world. Therefore, this study investigated the role that marketing might have on the purchase intentions of customers opting to/not to purchase private label brands. The marketing instruments in question for this study were advertising, pricing, and price promotion, and their effect on customers’ purchase intention for private label brands. An integrative systematic review methodology in searching, screening, selecting, including, and excluding research articles; search strings were also formulated in searching for articles was followed. In this paper, a synthesis of the literature was undertaken, and future research
direction was provided, giving future research and retailers three propositions to understand the effect of pricing, price promotions, and advertising in the purchase of private label brands
South African Study into Healing Planetary Pollution
Get PDFSouth African Study into Healing Planetary PollutionThe accelerating destructive effects of pollution threaten the existence of all inhabitants of planet earth. Health promotion interventions inevitably include a dynamic harmony of various interacting planetary components and contexts, bio-psycho-social as well as spiritual, cultural and ecological. This study was based on a broad research question as to what would best heal polluted planet earth. As with most countries, South Africa is slowly recovering from the effects of COVID-19. It seemed timeous to investigate a local sample of knowledgeable and experienced persons with regard to their views on pollution prevention and health promotion. Sixteen local KwaZulu-Natal persons responded to an online google questionnaire. There were 5 men and 11 women, with a mean age of 55 and age range from 25 to 73 years. Data analysis using NVivo12 software indicated that participants’ responses generally coalesced into a coherent health promotion theme including subthemes of awareness, education, regulation, and action to prevent human destructiveness, promote healing and the holistic integrity of nature. Unique local findings as well as those similar to other studies are discussed. Further research could include formal scales with larger local and international samples in interconnected, ecological and health promotion initiatives
Dispersion of ICT-related subject terms in information and knowledge management publications: A Bradford analysis
Get PDFDispersion of ICT-related subject terms in information and knowledge management publications: A Bradford analysisThe application of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in information and knowledge management (IKM) has attracted the attention of library and information Science (LIS) scholars in the recent past. The multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary nature of ICTs means that the ICT literature is published in several fields of knowledge. Although Bradford’s law of dispersion is commonly used to determine the core journals in a given field or discipline or topic of study, this study attempts to use the principles of the law to determine the core concepts of ICTs within the information and knowledge management literature. Data was obtained from EBSCO Discovery’s Library, Information Science and Technology Abstracts (LISTA) and the Library and Information Science Source (LISS) databases using a variety of keywords as search terms. The procedures of conducting a Bradford analysis were followed to determine the core subject terms in ICTs as reflected in the IKM group of articles published between 1998 and 2017. The results indicate that the application of ICTs in IKMlargely occurs in the fields medicine, business and commerce, education and training (higher education and training), decision sciences, and industrial management. It was also noted that the core subjects varied from one study period to another; technology-associated subject terms were largely visible; and the dispersion of subject terms fits the Bradford’s dispersion. We however noted that the dispersion of articles according to Bradford’s zones is not accurately representative of the principles of the Law. The study has implications for collection development, searching and retrieval practices, and the application of Bradford’s lawbeyond the analysis of core journals or publications in not only IKM but also in the field of
library and information science
Running for God as a Dialogue between Self and Soul
Get PDFRunning for God as a Dialogue between Self and SoulThis study is about the physical and spiritual aspects of running. In addition to the human physical activity of running, there is a special reference to God-consciousness. Although the paper reflects an African, Christian, psychological bias, from an interfaith perspective, it concerns a simple, natural, human activity, within a broader energetic field of consciousness, which is usually and simply referred to as Love. The deliberate choice of the broad generic terms, God, or Godhead, is intended to include such terms as Allah, Brahman, Tao, Spirit, Divine, etc. While the terms “self” and “soul” may be used in different ways by various wisdom, spiritual and religious traditions, here they essentially refer to the interior, social and spiritual dimensions of human relationships. The study adopts a phenomenological, psychological, and biographical methodology with special reference to the spirituality of running as experienced by participants and reported by the heroic figures of Allyson Felix, Eliud Kipchoge, and Teilhard de Chardin, respectively. Its humble intention is to inspire all concerning the benefits of physical activity in general and running in particular, for physical, mental, social, and spiritual health promotion
Investigation of co1-2xnixmnxceyfe2-yo4 double-substitution spinel for highly efficient detection of flammable and hazardous liquefied petroleum gas: sensing performance
Get PDFDissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the: Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering Physics DepartmentThe presence of high concentrations of flammable gases and volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere has recently been reported to be detrimental to human survival. A lot of research effort has been directed towards finding an efficient means of quick detection of these gases below their ‘immediately dangerous to life or health’ concentrations. Also, detecting these gases in an oxygen-deficient environment is a crucial task to consider. In this research, double substitution spinels with chemical formula Co1-2xNixMnxFe2-yCeyO4, where 0 ≤ x = y ≤ 0.3, were prepared via the glycol thermal technique. The final products following the appropriate substitution were CoFe2O4 (dried naturally), CoFe2O4 (dried with Infrared lamp), Co0.8Ni0.1Mn0.1Fe1.9Ce0.1O4, Co0.6Ni0.2Mn0.2Fe1.8Ce0.2O4, and Co0.8Ni0.1Mn0.1Fe1.9Ce0.1O4 spinel ferrites. X-ray diffractometry (XRD), high resolution transmission electron micrographs (HRTEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of the samples confirm the formation of the spinels. The gas sensing performance of these samples was tested at an operating temperature of 225 ºC towards liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), ammonia, ethanol and propanol using nitrogen, argon, helium, and dry air, each at different times as carrier gases. The Co0.8Ni0.1Mn0.1Fe1.9Ce0.1O4-based sensor was selective to LPG, with a high response of 116.43 towards 0.6 vol % of LPG, using helium as carrier gas. The response and recovery times of this sensor were 2.68 minutes and 3.01 minutes respectively. The sensor proved to be a potential tool for LPG detection in an oxygen-deficient environment
Protest in the poetry of Dennis Brutus and Ogaga Ifowodo
No full textA thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfilment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of English at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2022.This study examines how the poetry of Dennis Brutus of South Africa and Ogaga Ifowodo from the Niger Delta region of Nigeria has embodied protest literature by fostering the political and social struggles of their times. The study discovers parallels in the work of these two poets, despite the distance between them in region and period. It offers fresh insights into the notion of protest literature in different societies. This is achieved through a postcolonial and analytical evaluation of selected works by both poets. Brutus began to protest against apartheid in the late 1950s and continued until the mid-1990s, while Ifowodo started his protest against the military interface in politics in the late 1980s and continues today. The research examines the works of these poets not only critically, but also in the light of the different socio-political and historical conditions which engendered them. A deepened knowledge of postcolonial poetry in the related literature showsthat protest is the meeting point between these two important postcolonial regions (South Africa and Nigeria). The study reads the key prison poetry of the two poets in dialogue as several aspects of their struggle with solitude and other types of suffering offer insights into each other that have not been observed before. Furthermore, their versification and responses to the people’s plight through poetry demonstrate many parallel themes concerning the oppression, deprivation and unjust arrest and detention that people experienced in the apartheid era as well as in recent times in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. This work, apart from undertaking a comprehensive study of the poetry of Brutus and Ifowodo from an analytical point of view, has also been instrumental in contributing robustly to the ongoing discourse on postcolonial literature in Africa
The emergence of covid-19 presents the need to address the exacerbated structural gender inequalities beyond the pandemic
Get PDFThe emergence of covid-19 presents the need to address the exacerbated structural gender inequalities beyond the pandemic.The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic provided the world with the platform to
address gender inequalities. Yet during pandemic, people were kept on lockdown at home and
critical everyday activities were halted as part of efforts to curb its spread. This study found
that over 1 billion children and youth were out of school, resulting in learning impairments
for kids, particularly those from low-income families. Approximately 94% of the world's
employees live in nations that have work closures. With the global economy plummeting by
5% in 2020, and without steps to protect the most vulnerable, the number of people living in
severe poverty rose by 96 million in 2021. The pandemic and its economic ramifications have
had a regressive influence on gender equality. This study argues for the continuing need to
address structural gender inequalities and women’s issues