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Crime prevention in local communities
No full textA Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Criminology in the Department of Criminal Justice at the University of Zululand, South Africa [2023].This thesis is about an empowerment strategy for prevention of crime with the local communities in Lesotho. In this qualitative study five (5) different districts in Lesotho were visited and feedback was gathered from 89 participants to hear from them what local community members and the local community leaders can do to prevent crime in conjunction with the police. An empowerment strategy (plan of action) was drawn up to assist the different role-players in Lesotho to prevent crime.OKUHUNYUSHWE NGOLIMI LWESIZULU NOLWESISUTHU
INDATSHANA / IQOQO
Lendatshana ikhuluma ngokuphakamisa into ongayisebe nzisa ukuvimbela ubugebengu endaweni yomphakathi yase Lesotho. Loluncwaningo lwesifundo zinhlanu (5) izinto ezibalukekile ezahlukahlukene izifundazwe eLesotho owazivakashela futhi wathola izimpendu lo eziqoqa kubantu abangamashumi ayisishagalolunye nesi shagalombili ukuzwa ngabo ngendawo yomphakathi namalunga aphezulu ukulwisana nobugebengu bakuvikela kanjani behlangene namaphoyisa. Ukubakhuphula ngezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene ukwenza izinhlelo ezahlukene ezizosiza kulaba abasiza ukudlala indima yokuvimbela ubugebengu eLesotho.
KAKARETSO
Tabakholo ea moralo ona ke hotla ka maano aho imatlafatsa kaho thibela botlokotsebe ha 'moho le sechaba metseng naheng ea Lesotho. Boithutong ba taba tsena lipalo li supa hore Litereke tse hlano (5) tsa Lesotho li ile tsa eteloa. Likarabo li ile tsa bokelloa hotsoa ho batho ba 89 houtloa
hore na ebe hoka etsoang ke sechaba le baetapele ba sona metseng ho thibela botlokotsebe ka kopanelo le Mapolesa. Leano la hotla ka malebela a ho thibela botlokotsebe le ile la tekoa ho thusa batla nka karolo kaho fapana naheng ea Lesotho
A Social Psychology of Religion with a Phenomenological Case Study
Get PDFA Social Psychology of Religion with a Phenomenological Case StudyThis article defines religion in terms of some of its major characteristics. Special attention is paid to how religion is attuned to the structure of a prevailing social order. Religion renders valuable functions within the psyche of individuals and renders justification to the integrity of a community. A brief qualitative investigation utilizing interviews challenges Freud’s viewpoint about religion being a neurosis. It also illustrates that religion can be studied phenomenologically without having to bracket the concept, of God. Finally, people can live comfortably with paradoxes in their interpretations of reality. The awareness of personal limitations and the need for a sacred, embodied, immanent and transcendental world ensures the future of religion
Influence of season and rangeland-type on serum biochemistry of indigenous Zulu sheep
Get PDFInfluence of season and rangeland-type on serum biochemistry of indigenous Zulu sheepThere is a paucity of information on the serum biochemistry of indigenous Zulu sheep in different seasons and rangeland type. Twenty clinically healthy Zulu rams aged at least 12 months were selected in different rangeland type, namely, Moist Coast Forest and Thornveld (MCT), Dry Highland Sourveld (DHS), Moist Zululand Thornveld (MZT), Natal Sour Sandveld (NSS), and Lowveld (LV) in KwaZulu-Natal from November 2014 to June 2015. Sheep with highest body weights were observed in LV and NSS (P < 0.05). Sheep with highest body condition score were found in MCT, LV, and DHS (P < 0.05). The concentration of albumin was high (P < 0.05) in MZT and DHS and low (P < 0.05) in NSS. Globulin and total protein concentrations were high (P < 0.05) in NSS. Albumin, total protein, and creatinine levels were higher in dry season (P < 0.05). Glucose and blood urea nitrogen were higher in rainy season (P < 0.05). In LV, albumin concentration was high in rainy season than in dry season (P < 0.05). In NSS, albumin concentration was high in dry season than in rainy season (P < 0.05). Globulin concentration was higher during dry season in MCT (P < 0.05). In MCT, there was a higher total protein concentration in dry season than in rainy season (P < 0.05). In NSS, the concentration of β-hydroxyl-butyrate was significantly higher in rainy season compared to dry season. Creatinine concentration was significantly high during dry season in LV, NSS, and MCT. There was a positive correlation on body weight against globulin, total protein, creatinine, and β-hydroxyl-butyrate (P < 0.05). Serum biochemistry of Zulu sheep varied with rangeland type, season, and their interactive effect
Ucwaningo Ngemizwa Yabalaleli Ngemidlalo Yomoya Kanye Nomthelela Wokuphindwaphindwa Kwemidlalo Emidala Emsakazweni Ukhozi Fm
Get PDFLwethulwa Ukuphelelisa Izimfanelo Zeqhuzu Le- Masters Emnyangweni Wezilimi Zamdabu Namasiko Eyunivesithi Yasezululand.Lolu cwaningo lucubungula imizwa yabalaleli ngemidlalo yomoya kanye nomthelela wokuphindwaphindwa kwemidlalo emidala emsakazweni Ukhozi fm. Lolu cwaningo lusebenzise izindlela ezahlukene zokuqoqa ulwazi okubandakanya nemposambuzo kubabambiqhaza ababekhethwe ngobunhloso (purposive sampling). Lolu ucwaningo olukhwalithethivu lusebenzise ipharadaymu yomhumusho (interpretive paradigm) kanye nenjulalwazi eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-social judgement theory. Emva kokuhlaziywa kwezimpendulo, kutholakale ukuthi abalaleli bayayithanda imidlalo emidala ngenxa yokuthi iyafundisa entsheni uma iqhathaniswa naleyo emisha. Emidala ivelele ngesiZulu sempela, iziyalo kanye nokugqamisa ukubaluleka kwamasiko nosikompilo lwesiZulu. Kuyahlaluka nokuthi imidlalo emidala isebenzisa isiZulu esamukelekile uma iqhathaniswa neyanamuhla esixuba kakhulu isiNgisi nolimi lwesitsotsi. Lo msebenzi wehlukaniswe waba izahluko ezinhlanu kanje:
ISAHLUKO SOKUQALA
Isahluko sokuqala siyisethulo socwaningo lapho umcwaningi endlalela khona ucwaningo olubhekisisa imizwa kanye nemibono yabalaleli mayelana nokuphindwa kwemidlalo emidala yomoya emsakazweni Ukhozi fm. Lapha umcwaningi udingide izihloko ezifana nenhloso yocwaningo, intshisekelo, umklamo, imibuzo, abazozuza ngocwaningo kanye nolwazi oluwumnikelo walolu cwaningo emkhakheni wezemidlalo.
ISAHLUKO SESIBILI
Isahluko sesibili sidingida imibono yongoti kanye nenjulalwazi esetshenzisiwe ukuhlaziya ulwazi oluqoqwe kulolu cwaningo. Lapha bekubhekwa ukuthi ongoti bathini ngesihloko socwaningo nokuthi ikuphi ababhali abake bakuzuza ngesihloko esikhuluma ngabalaleli bemidlalo yomoya esikhathini esiphambili. Injulalwazi icacisa kabanzi ngomhlahlandlela wocwaningo ukuze umcwaningi angazitholi esenhlanhlatha uma esehlaziya. viii
ISAHLUKO SESITHATHU
Isahluko sesithathu siqukethe izindlela ezisetshenzisiwe ukuqoqa ulwazi locwaningo. Umcwaningi usebenzise indlela yekhwalithethivu kanye nepharadaymu yomhumusho ukuqhuba ucwaningo. Umcwaningi uphinde wabheka nemiqulu eseke yabhalwa ababhali abehlukene mayelana nemidlalo yomoya. Kulesi sahluko kubhekwe ukuthi umcwaningi usebenzise ziphi izindlela kanye namathuluzi ukuzuza amaqiniso ocwaningo. Imposambuzo isetshenziswe kakhulu yase ilekelelwa yisiqophamazwi nephephamibuzo ekuqoqeni ulwazi olucwaningiwe.
ISAHLUKO SESINE
Isahluko sesine sineka obala konke okuphawulwe abalaleli bomdlalo womoya ngemidlalo kanye nokuphindwaphindwa kwaleyo emidala emsakazweni Ukhozi fm. Kuphindwe kwahlaziywa nezimpendulo zababambiqhaza, kwashicilelwa wonke amaqiniso abakwazile ukuwaveza kulolu cwaningo. Kucashunwe okubalulekile emazwini abawashilo kwase kudingidwa izindikimba ezivumbukile kulokho ababambiqhaza abanhlobonhlobo abakuveze njengokuyimizwa yabo.
ISAHLUKO SESIHLANU
Lapha kulesi sahluko kugxilwe ekusongweni kocwaningo. Lapha kuthintwe izihlokwana ezifana nezincomo, isihlaziyo kanye nesiphetho socwaningo. Kubheka ukuthi ikuphi okuzuziwe, ukubheka ukuthi ngabe imibuzo yocwaningo iphendulekile yini, ukudingida umthelela wocwaningo emkhakheni kanye nokuveza izingxenye ezisengacwaningwa abanye abalandelayo kule ndima
Challenges of municipal service delivery and instruments for enhancing South African local government administration
Get PDFChallenges of municipal service delivery and Instruments for Enhancing South African local government administrationThis study explored the challenges of municipal service delivery and instruments for enhancing South African local government administration. Previous studies show that South African municipalities struggled with service delivery for some years with an increasingly complex and diverse set of public demands, resulting in municipal protests across the country. Further research also shows that many municipalities strive to deliver quality services in adequate quantities. The service delivery problems in municipalities may have different reasons and may also differ in severity. To address the challenges associated with service delivery, the study emphasises the need to introduce public value theory in service delivery, which has three aspects of public management: (i) delivering services, (ii) achieving social outcomes and (iii) maintaining trust and legitimacy. The study adopted the theory of public value and interrogates what constitutes a service delivery failure and the effects of poor service delivery in the South African local government. The study offers recommendations to develop strategies for improving service delivery discovered were increasing citizen participation in the affairs of the local authority and partnership with the community in service delivery. The study is qualitative research that primarily collected its data through secondary sources from different databases
Situational analysis of the impact of student-rented houses on student mental health in a rural comprehensive university
No full textA thesis submitted to the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in the fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Art in the department of Development Studies at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2021.The situation of mental health impact of student rented housing on rural university student is a complex phenomenon and need to be explored in multiple ecological systems. Using multiple theories, the study investigated the complex interrelated issues that affect the mental health of the student tenants in rented houses in a rural-based comprehensive university. Data were drawn from a qualitative study. A purposive sample of 30 students and 3 university professionals participated in the study. The data were collected through in-depth individual interviews and focus group discussions. Furthermore, some observations were done as part of the interviews to confirm what the students asserted during the interviews.
The study found that the situation in the rented houses is not environmentally healthy in most of the rented houses; also, the security and safety of students are highly compromised by amadabuka. Secondly, the study established that students go through traumatic experiences that constantly affect their mental health. These experiences further affect the academic responsibilities of the students in that students’ laptops and phones that they use for studying get stolen. Thirdly, the study suggests that anxiety, fear, and depression due to compromised security were prevalent among the student tenants. Lastly, through an appreciative approach, the students suggested an ecological and interconnected approach to improving the situation in rented.
Although the study was limited to a small sample and was undertaken in one university in a rural area, generalization of the findings is not possible. Yet, the findings have demonstrated practical implications for community housing developers, public health practitioners and researchers, student support and faculty members, higher education researchers and policymakers. These findings provide an opportunity for the designing of targeted interventions that will enhance the mental health of student tenants. Also, the finding provides a better lens to understand the mental health challenges of students in rented houses. In conclusion, the study makes a theoretical contribution in that the results help in articulating the underlying processes by which student-rented houses influence the mental health of students. Hence, helping in developing a better understanding of impactful intervention models
Corrected holographic dark energy with power-law entropy and Hubble Horizon cut-off in FRW Universe
No full textCorrected holographic dark energy with power-law entropy and Hubble Horizon cut-off in FRW UniverseIn the present work, we investigate the power-law entropy corrected holographic dark energy (PLECHDE) model with Hubble horizon cutoff. We use 46 observational Hubble data points in the redshift range 0 ≤ z ≤ 2 .36 to determine the present Hubble constant H0 and the model parameter n. It represents a phase transition of the universe from deceleration to acceleration and has the transition point at zt = 0.71165. We investigate the observational constraints on the model and calculate some relevant cosmological parameters. We examine the model’s validity by drawing state-finder parameters that yield the result compatible with the modern observational data. The model’s physical and geo metrical characteristics are also explored, and they are shown to match well with current observations of observational Hubble data (OHD) and the latest joint light curves(JLA) datasets
Piperonylic acid alters growth, mineral content accumulation and reactive oxygen species-scavenging capacity in chia seedlings
Get PDFPiperonylic acid alters growth, mineral content accumulation and reactive oxygen species-scavenging capacity in chia seedlingsp-Coumaric acid synthesis in plants involves the conversion of phenylalanine to trans-cinnamic acid via phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL),
which is then hydroxylated at the para-position under the action of trans-cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase. Alternatively, some PAL enzymes accept
tyrosine as an alternative substrate and convert tyrosine directly to p-coumaric acid without the intermediary of trans-cinnamic acid. In recent
years, the contrasting roles of p-coumaric acid in regulating the growth and development of plants have been well-documented. To understand
the contribution of trans-cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase activity in p-coumaric acid-mediated plant growth, mineral content accumulation and the
regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), we investigated the effect of piperonylic acid (a trans-cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase inhibitor) on plant
growth, essential macroelements, osmolyte content, ROS-induced oxidative damage, antioxidant enzyme activities and phytohormone levels in
chia seedlings. Piperonylic acid restricted chia seedling growth by reducing shoot length, fresh weight, leaf area measurements and p-coumaric
acid content. Apart from sodium, piperonylic acid signifcantly reduced the accumulation of other essential macroelements (such as K, P, Ca and
Mg) relative to the untreated control. Enhanced proline, superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde contents were observed. The inhibition of trans-cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase activity signifcantly increased the enzymatic activities of ROS-scavenging enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and guaiacol peroxidase. In addition, piperonylic acid caused a reduction in indole-3-acetic acid
and salicylic acid content. In conclusion, the reduction in chia seedling growth in response to piperonylic acid may be attributed to a reduction in
p-coumaric acid content coupled with elevated ROS-induced oxidative damage, and restricted mineral and phytohormone (indole-3-acetic acid
and salicylic) levels
Assessment of Library and Information Services in support of researchers and librarians at the Federal Institute of Industrial Research Oshodi, Nigeria
Get PDFAssessment of Library and Information Services in Support of Researchers and Librarians at the Federal Institute of Industrial Research Oshodi, NigeriaThe study that directed this article aimed to assess the opinions of industrial
researchers and librarians regarding library and information services provided
by the research library of the Federal Institute of Industrial Research Oshodi
(FIIRO), Nigeria. The library of the modern era is expected to develop naturally,
growing bigger to accommodate different kinds of information resources and
services for better information provision to its users. This study set out to
determine if library and information services at FIIRO were indeed answering
this call. A mixed-methods design was adopted with the use of questionnaires,
face-to-face interviews and observation for data collection. It was found that
both groups, the industrial researchers and the librarians, were not satisfied with
the library and information services offered by the institute’s library. Poor
funding, lack of political will by the management and government authorities,
and the lack of internet connectivity were highlighted as some of the main
problems facing library fitness. In order to improve these services of
information provision, the study recommends several innovations, mainly that
librarians should be involved in management decisions, especially in the
formulation of library policies and strategies
Genome data mining, annotation, and phylogenetic analysis of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in the fungal class Pezizomycetes
Get PDFDissertation submitted to the Faculty of Science and Agriculture in accordance with the requirements for the master’s degree in science in the Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, at the University of Zululand, 2022.Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs/P450s) are heme proteins that play a role in organisms’ primary and secondary metabolism. P450s play an important role in organism adaptation since lifestyle influences P450 composition in their genome. This phenomenon is well-documented in bacteria but less so in fungi. This study observed this phenomenon where diverse P450 complements were identified in saprophytic and ectomycorrhizal Pezizomycetes. Genome-wide data mining, annotation, and phylogenetic analysis of P450s in 19 Pezizomycetes revealed 668 P450s that can be grouped into 153 P450 families and 245 P450 subfamilies. Only four P450 families, namely, CYP51, CYP61, CYP5093, and CYP6001, are conserved across 19 Pezizomycetes, indicating their important role in these species. A total of 5 saprophyte Pezizomycetes have 103 P450 families, whereas 14 ectomycorrhizal Pezizomycetes have 89 P450 families. Only 39 P450 families were common, and 50 and 64 P450 families, respectively, were unique to ectomycorrhizal and saprophytic Pezizomycetes. These findings suggest that the switch from a saprophytic to an ectomycorrhizal lifestyle led to both the development of diverse P450 families as well as the loss of P450s, which led to the lowest P450 family diversity, despite the emergence of novel P450 families in ectomycorrhizal Pezizomycetes