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Wafer-scale nanofabrication of sub-5 nm gaps in plasmonic metasurfaces
Get PDFIn the rapidly evolving field of plasmonic metasurfaces, achieving homogeneous, reliable, and reproducible fabrication of sub-5 nm dielectric nanogaps is a significant challenge. This article presents an advanced fabrication technology that addresses this issue, capable of realizing uniform and reliable vertical nanogap metasurfaces on a whole wafer of 100 mm diameter. By leveraging fast patterning techniques, such as variable-shaped and character projection electron beam lithography (EBL), along with atomic layer deposition (ALD) for defining a few nanometer gaps with sub-nanometer precision, we have developed a flexible nanofabrication technology to achieve gaps as narrow as 2 nm in plasmonic nanoantennas. The quality of our structures is experimentally demonstrated by the observation of resonant localized and collective modes corresponding to the lattice, with Q-factors reaching up to 165. Our technological process opens up new and exciting opportunities to fabricate macroscopic devices harnessing the strong enhancement of light–matter interaction at the single nanometer scale
Correlations between discrimination and climate change : Mapping the Climate Justice Controversy
Get PDFAus der Einleitung: Das grundlegende Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Wechselwirkungen zwischen Klimawandel und Diskriminierung zu analysieren und die spezifischen Mechanismen zu identifizieren, durch die Diskriminierung den Klimawandel verstärkt oder der Klimawandel Diskriminierung verschärft
Pflege in Bayern. Gesund + gewaltfrei : Gesundheitsförderung und Gewaltprävention in Pflegeheimen, Abschlussbericht, Prozess und Ergebnisse
Get PDFAbschlussbericht des Projekts „Gesundheitsförderung und Gewaltprävention in Pflegeheimen“, Berichtszeitraum: 01.01.2020 – 31.07.202
Communicating science addressing contentious environmental issues : utilizing Luhmann's social systems theory
Get PDFFor complex and socially contentious environmental issues, such as climate change and disease prevention, science communication has proven difficult. As many science communication scholars have determined, education is not the only factor impacting the public's willingness to act upon or even accept scientific information. In this study, we propose using Niklas Luhmann's theory of social systems as a framework for research in science and environmental communication. We argue that by focusing on the functions of relevant social systems, the occurrence of communication conflicts may be explained, and new approaches to overcome communication obstacles can be developed. In this study, we provide examples of the theory's utility by looking at pertinent studies regarding relevant systems integral to addressing climate change and sustainability issues, as well as propose new subjects for exploration
Mindfulness and Childhood : Mindfulness as a bridge in the development from child to adult
No full textHeutzutage werden viele Menschen durch berufliche und private Programme, die mit Druck, ständiger Erreichbarkeit und pausenloser Leistungsbereitschaft gefüllt sind, in die Erschöpfung getrieben. Die Anforderungen, die es zu bewältigen gilt, stimmen oft nicht mehr mit den vorhandenen Ressourcen überein. Durch diese Entwicklung entstanden in den letzten Jahren einige Trainingsprogramme unter dem Konzept der Achtsamkeit, welche sich häufig hinter Überschriften wie „Stressbewältigung durch Achtsamkeit“, „Achtsamkeit in Unternehmen“ oder „Achtsame Schulen“ verbergen.
Dabei wird meist übersehen, dass sich hinter dem Begriff der Achtsamkeit eine wirkungsvolle Kraft verbirgt, die als Basis für ein neues Denken und Handeln gilt.
Ob und inwieweit die soeben beschriebene Situation auch auf die Kinder heutzutage zutrifft und wie die Praxis der Achtsamkeit als Brücke in der Entwicklung vom Kind zum erwachsenen Menschen fungieren kann, wird in dieser Arbeit dargestellt.
Zu Beginn wird ein historischer Überblick über die Lebensphase Kindheit gegeben. Im Anschluss werden die speziellen Anforderungen an die Kinder in der heutigen Zeit genauer beleuchtet. Daraufhin werden ausgewählte Komponente dargestellt, welche Kinder brauchen, um gesund aufwachsen zu können. Infolgedessen wird das Konzept der Achtsamkeit aus verschiedenen Perspektiven beleuchtet und als Brücke von der Kindheit bis zum Erwachsenenalter dargestellt. Wie Achtsamkeit in der Kindheit gedacht und gelebt werden kann und welche Rolle die Soziale Arbeit dabei spielt wird am Ende aufgezeigt
Photoelastic measurements and evaluation methods for edge stress in architectural tempered glass
No full textThe mechanical and safety-relevant properties of tempered architectural glass are tested using destructive bending strength and fracture pattern tests. The edge stress provides essential information on the quality of the tempering process and can, therefore, be used to ensure quality characteristics. The paper shows that the current valid evaluation method for edge stress, according to ASTM C 1279-09, is unsuitable for architectural glass. The chamfer which is required for tempered glass by the European standards for tempered glass prevents the direct measurement of retardation and edge stress. Therefore, an extrapolation of the retardation curve towards the edge is necessary. The paper compares fitting functions of different polynomial degrees to determine and assess the edge stress. The objective is to develop a proper evaluation method of edge stress for quality control in the latest inline measurement systems which can be applied to replace operator-dependent measuring devices. The study presents appropriate methods and evaluates them through experimental investigations using the phase shift technique and multiple wavelength photoelasticity
Emotions as a Resource for Analysing professional Situations
No full textDer Beitrag befasst sich mit der Frage, welche Bedeutung Emotionen im Ethnografischen Spiel haben, wie sie methodisch aufgegriffen werden können und welche Potenziale sich für die Analyse von Handlungssituationen und für Professionalisierungsprozesse von Studierenden ergeben. Hierfür wird zuerst das Ethnografische Spiel als Zugang zur Analyse von Handlungssituationen skizziert: Dokumentierte Handlungssituationen werden mit Studierenden nachgespielt und im Anschluss werden Erfahrungen, die die Studierenden dabei machen, reflektiert. Dabei wird der Fokus auch auf Emotionen gelegt. Anschließend werden Ziele des Ethnografischen Spiels sowie die Bedeutung von Emotionen im Analyseprozess diskutiert. Emotionen können als Anlass für Befremdungsprozesse genutzt werden – sowohl im Zuge der Selbstreflexion als auch bei der Rekonstruktion von Situationen. Schließlich wird die Arbeit mit Emotionen im Rahmen des Ethnografischen Spiels anhand eines verdichteten Beispiels aus der Lehrpraxis veranschaulicht. Dieses macht deutlich, dass der gezielte Einbezug von Emotionen Studierenden einen erleichterten Zugang zur Befremdung eigener Sichtweisen und damit zur Analyse von Handlungssituationen und deren Theoretisierung ermöglicht.This article focuses on the role of emotions in ethnographic play, how they can be methodically addressed and what potentials arise for the analysis of situations and for students’ professionalization processes. Ethnographic play is first outlined as an approach to analyzing situations: Documented situations are re-enacted with students. Subsequently, the students’ experiences are reflected upon. The focus is also placed on emotions. The aims of ethnographic play and the meaning of emotions in the analysis process are then discussed. Emotions can be used as an occasion for distancing processes—both regarding self-reflection and the reconstruction of situations. Finally, the work with emotions in the context of ethnographic play is illustrated using a condensed example from teaching practice. This clarifies that the including of emotions enables students to gain easier access to the distancing of their own perspectives and thus to the analysis of situations and their theorization
Reuse and remanufacturing of insulated glass units
No full textMany office and residential buildings in Europe need to be renovated in the near future to meet current energy efficiency requirements. This often comes down to updating the insulation performance of the building envelope including the windows. Most “old” windows consist of a frame and a double insulated glass unit (IGU) or even monolithic glass panes – typically without any low-e coating. These non-coated double glazings have a Ug-value of 2.7 W/m2K (single glazing even 5.2 W/m2K). Modern coated triple glazed IGUs provide Ug-values of up to 0.5 W/m2K.This paper deals with the question of how old insulating glass units can be re manufactured to match the state of the art in terms of the energy efficiency. For this purpose, dismounted IGUs from the 1980s are used. After analyzing the remaining functionality, the double IGUs are disassembled. The single glass pane is cleaned, and the old edge sealing is removed. The old glass pane is combined with a new coated low-e glass and a spacer system to form a new upgraded IGU with warm edge technology. This study demonstrates that remanufactured IGUs can achieve the performance of IGUs made from new glass
Towards an Automated Classification of Software Libraries
No full textNowadays, the use of third-party libraries in software is common. At the same time, the number of published libraries continues to increase. An automated classification should help to maintain an overview and identify similar software libraries. This paper investigates if new approaches can be used to classify all software libraries crawled from Apache Maven repositories into defined classes using machine learning. In addition to tags that are not always available or of poor quality, we examine one feature that is always available—the id. Consisting of group-id and artifact-id, the id of an Apache Maven software library contains valuable information that can help in classification. Through a developed preprocessing and an optimized recurrent neural network (RNN), the tokenised ids should allow a classification of most libraries. Furthermore, we present an optimized approach through a hybrid use of id tokens and tags in combination. Based on the dataset including 28,600 labeled entries, a comparison of various approaches was carried out. The RNN achieved a balanced accuracy of 71.36% by training on tokenised ids. A model trained on tags achieved a balanced accuracy of 92%. However, the new hybrid approach, which combines tags and ids, optimizes the result to 94.12%. While a classification on tags achieves a better result than the more general id-based approach, the applicability is limited to software libraries that are tagged. The hybrid approach, on the other hand, takes advantage of the classification results based on tags when these are available, but includes valuable information from the always available ids
Bewertung der Informationsqualität in digitalen Bauwerksmodellen für Mengenermittlungen : Entwicklung eines IDS-basierten Entscheidungstools zur Unterstützung von Kalkulatoren
Get PDFIn the modern construction industry, quantity takeoff based on digital models plays an increasingly crucial role. This master’s thesis examines the suitability of externally provided models for 3D quantity takeoff using a newly developed traffic light system. This system evaluates the semantic quality of the model and indicates whether a quantity takeoff can be conducted solely in 3D with manageable / acceptable additional effort, or if additional 2D documentation is necessary. The work addresses the challenges of bid preparation and tendering, where quantities must be determined in a short time from often incomplete and contradictory planning documents. The necessity to submit competitive bids frequently leads to manual post-processing of automatically generated specifications, impacting process efficiency. Traditionally, models created during the design phase are rarely reused for this purpose; instead, models are completely remodelled for the quantity takeoff and cost calculation based on the respective internal modelling guidelines for each firm. However, the use of external models would allow for a pragmatic solution and massive time savings. This thesis develops a traffic light system for the visual assessment of model quality based on buildingSMART’s new standard, the Information Delivery Specification (IDS). With these specifications, a method is developed to conduct semantic queries on the model and systematically assess its suitability. The findings of the study reveal that 3D quantity takeoff is more accurate and reliable, and is preferably included in the specifications. The thesis argues that early integration of IDS specifications before starting the remodelling would be ideal to ensure model quality and precision from the start. In conclusion, it is determined that the developed traffic light system is an effective tool that allows for precise evaluation of model suitability, thereby significantly supporting the bid calculation and tendering process