HFTor - HfT Open Repository (Hochschule für Technik Stuttgart)
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Structuring Subsurface Knowledge: Data Management and a Modeling Framework for an Integrated Geological and Urban 3D Model — A Case Study for the City Center of Stuttgart
No full textAbstract. In subsurface planning of urban areas, the use, management, and exchange of urban and geological data serve as a fundamental basis for collaboration among various specialist in the fields of urban and geological 3D modeling. Therefore, the development of a data model schema tailored to urban and geological subsurface models is an important foundation for data management. However, various information’s about buildings, infrastructures, and geological structures, that cannot be integrated in common data model structures requires an expansion and combination of the existing data model structures for geological and urban 3D models. The existing data model schemas can already manage various types of subsurface data. Building on this, this paper aims to advance the development of a data model by combining existing schemas to meet the requirements for data management in 3D voxel modeling of the subsurface. The conception of such a data model is implemented for a case study in the City of Stuttgart, based on the GML application schemas Geoscience Markup Language (GeoSciML) and City Geography Markup Language (CityGML). Our data model is applied using urban and geological model elements for the Stuttgart case study. In this context, the construction and integration of the model elements within a framework that comprises modeling, data management, and visualization tools were examined
On-sensor Stream Cipher Encryption for Protecting Smart City Sensor Data directly on Resource-Constrained IoT-Sensors
No full textAbstract. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the DRACO stream cipher implemented in both C++ and Rust across three microcontroller platforms: ESP32, ESP8266, and Raspberry Pi Pico. DRACO, a lightweight cipher designed for constrained environments, was evaluated in terms of performance, memory efficiency, and initialization behavior. To ensure reliable and repeatable results, a standardized benchmarking framework was developed, including automated testing, key/IV configuration variants, and statistical analysis of execution times. In addition to synthetic benchmarks, the evaluation incorporated representative smart city data sets, simulating real-world sensor inputs to reflect practical encryption workloads. Performance metrics—including keystream generation, encryption, and algorithm initialization—were collected via serial output and processed using Python and visualization tools. Results show that both implementations perform consistently across varying keystream lengths, with Rust demonstrating faster execution at very short lengths, and C++ slightly outperforming Rust at longer lengths. The study also discusses the implementation challenges and trade-offs between security, compiler support, and platform compatibility. Findings highlight that both languages are suitable for embedded cryptographic applications, with Rust offering stronger language safety guarantees and C++ providing broader microcontroller support. This work further emphasizes the importance of lightweight encryption in smart city sensor networks, where securing real-time, sensitive data is critical to privacy, reliability, and urban infrastructure resilience
Still important? Impacts of factors influencing job satisfaction during/after COVID-19 pandemic
No full textPurpose
This study investigates how the impacts of factors influencing job satisfaction, specifically job security, pay and compensation, peer relationships, supervision and growth opportunities, changed during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. By applying the job demands-resources (JD-R) model, this study aims to understand how crisis periods reshape employees’ job satisfaction priorities and provide theoretical and practical insights for managing workforce satisfaction in dynamic environments.
Design/methodology/approach
This study used a cross-sectional survey design, collecting data from employees in Germany and Turkey in 2023. Participants were asked to retrospectively assess their job satisfaction across three distinct periods: before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The questionnaire was based on the Job Diagnostic Survey and used a five-point Likert scale to measure various job satisfaction factors. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the changing impacts of satisfaction factors over these periods, including Chow and Wald tests. The validity of the measurement model was confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis.
Findings
Results showed that job security emerged as the most critical determinant of job satisfaction after the pandemic, with its impact significantly increasing. Pay and compensation had a more substantial effect during the pandemic but became less influential afterwards. The impact of peer and co-worker relationships is significant before and during the pandemic, but gradually diminished. The importance of supervisory support declined during the pandemic but resurged afterwards. Growth opportunities were found to be particularly important during the crisis but less significant post-pandemic. These shifts highlight the dynamic nature of employee satisfaction drivers in response to external disruptions.
Originality/value
This study contributes to the job satisfaction literature by examining how employees perceive shifts in job satisfaction factors across different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using the JD-R framework, this research explores how employees’ priorities and perceptions of job satisfaction factors may have evolved during the crisis. By focusing not only on satisfaction levels but also on the impacts of specific job factors, this study offers a nuanced perspective that enhances understanding of employee needs during times of crisis. The findings provide practical implications for human resource management, offering insights into how organisations can better support their workforce in navigating future crises
Erhöhung der Resilienz in der Logistik durch den Einsatz von IT
No full textDie Blockade des Suezkanals durch die Havarie des Containerschiffs Ever-Given im Jahr 2021 verdeutlicht exemplarisch die Notwendigkeit, globale Lieferketten so zu gestalten, dass sie schnell auf Störungen reagieren können. In der volatilen, unsicheren, komplexen und mehrdeutigen (VUCA) Umgebung stoßen konventionelle, auf Effizienz ausgerichtete Logistikprozesse und speziell Supply-Chain-Management-Methoden zunehmend an ihre Grenzen. Resilienz, die durch die Kombination von Robustheit und Agilität erreicht wird, ist essenziell, um diese Reaktionsfähigkeit sicherzustellen. Der vorliegende Artikel analysiert, wie Risikomanagementinformationssysteme (RMIS) die Resilienz erhöhen können. Die Analyse umfasst die Datenverfügbarkeit, die Datentransparenz, die Modellierung und Simulation von Risikoszenarien und die Erarbeitung von entsprechenden Notfallaktionsplänen. Die genannten Maßnahmen können, trotz der bestehenden Herausforderungen bei der Gestaltung der IT-Infrastruktur, potenziell die Resilienz in der Logistik erhöhen
Methodological Approach for Digital Transparency in the Lifecycle of Prefabricated Earth Composite Ceiling Systems in Industrial Construction – Integration of EPCIS 2.0 and ISO/IEC 8506
No full textAbstract:
This paper presents a methodological approach for integrating the Auto-ID and sensor data standards ISO/IEC 8506:2024 and GS1 EPCIS 2.0 to improve data capture and management in sustainable industrial construction. ISO/IEC 8506:2024 focuses on the lifecycle documentation of physical building elements, while GS1 EPCIS 2.0 enables event-based traceability and the integration of dynamic sensor data. This study aims to develop a methodological approach for combining these standards to ensure end-to-end digital transparency throughout the lifecycle of prefabricated earth composite ceiling components. The work includes systematically analyzing the standards, requirements, process modeling, and selecting an appropriate IT system architecture. Challenges such as prioritizing requirements, conducting market research, and validating the systems are addressed in the study. The results provide a solid foundation for implementing interoperable information architectures in the construction industry and contribute to promoting sustainable and circular construction processes
KNIGHT: Machine Learning Methods to Enhance Individualized Learning
No full textThe integration of artificial intelligence has been transforming education analytics and enhancing student learning continuously. Deep learning (DL) algorithms stand out as a particularly promising domain of technological advancement that could greatly enhance students’ educational experiences. In the pursuit of enhancing individualized education, the KNIGHT Multi-Model Learning Analytics system integrates an innovative Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model, leveraging data analytics to predict student performance with remarkable precision. This meticulously crafted model harnesses the power of data analytics and personalized learning models to gain valuable insights into student progress and provide targeted support. In addition, the user scenario exemplifies how educators leverage advanced analytics and customized learning models, providing personalized recommendations and support strategies to assist students in achieving academic success. This study purposefully concentrates on the early forecasting of student outcomes utilizing existing data, deliberately omitting the investigation of intervention tactics and their efficacy. Furthermore, the research does not take into account the varied educational goals and backgrounds of students, which may restrict the depth of understanding into their involvement and performance patterns. In summary, integrating deep learning methods into educational analytics is a significant advancement for enhancing student learning
Virtual Reality und Augmented Reality als digitale Partizipationsinstrumente
No full textDie Akzeptanz von Bürger:innen gegenüber Maßnahmen zur Reduzierung des Autoverkehrs ist wichtig, da andernfalls Widerstände auftreten können. Grundsätzlich stehen Bürger:innen solchen Maßnahmen aufgeschlossener gegenüber, wenn diese die Lebensqualität verbessern. Positive Effekte sind jedoch oft schwer vorstellbar, wenn lediglich die Reduzierung des Autoverkehrs thematisiert wird. Das Ziel des Forschungsvorhaben war es, durch (digitale) Interventionen die Vorstellbarkeit der positiven Folgen verkehrsreduzierender Maßnahmen zu fördern und so die Akzeptanz zu steigern
Follow-e-demo - Energiesparende funktionelle Beschichtungen von ETFE für die Folienarchitektur: Monitoring eines Prototyps unter Betriebsbedingungen und Weiterentwicklung der Schichtsysteme
No full textIm Vorhaben Follow-e-demo waren ETFE-Folienkissen mit transparenter Sonnenschutz- sowie Wärmeschutzbeschichtung in relevanter Größe hergestellt, aufgebaut und über einen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren unter realen Betriebsbedingungen betrieben und überwacht worden. Die hierfür im Projekt erarbeiteten Lösungen für Schutzlack und Filtersysteme sind wegweisend für die industrielle Anwendung. Dazu wurden 5 große ETFE-Folienkissen (3x3 m²) und 9 kleine ETFE-Folienkissen (1x1 m²) mit verschiedenen Varianten bei Novum Membranes aufgebaut. Die besputterten und nachfolgend schutzlackierten ETFE-Folien waren teilweise gezielt mit Defekten versehen, diese wiederum teilweise mit Reparaturlack behandelt, um somit drei Varianten - Defekte, reparierte Defekte und makellose Folie - über die Zeit beobachten zu können. Nach 1 und 2 Jahren waren aus den großen Demonstratoren Proben entnommen und jeweils ein kleiner Demonstrator je Variante geöffnet worden. Die beschichteten Folien wurden auf Schäden untersucht und die Beständigkeit der Folien positiv bewertet. Im Projektverlauf war daher TRL 7-8 erreicht worden. Die Demonstratoren waren mit einem Lack auf Basis eines fluorierten Polyacrylat-Harzes beschichtet worden, der aber ab der Mitte des Verbundprojektes am Markt nicht mehr verfügbar war. Diese Lackproduktion wurde eingestellt, weil ein von der Europäischen Kommission angedrohtes teilweises Verbot bestimmter PFA-Materialien zur Folge hatte, dass die Entwicklung von Verwendungsmöglichkeiten von fluorierten Lacken nicht mehr so attraktiv war. Im Projekt wurde vereinbart, die restlichen Projektmittel für die Recherche von PFA-freien Lacken zu verwenden. Sonnenschutzbeschichtungen wurden mit ausgewählten PFA-freien Lacken ausgerüstet und daran Stabilitätstests durchgeführt, um eine Vorqualifizierung zu erreichen. Der zweite Schwerpunkt im Verbundvorhaben war die Weiterentwicklung der funktionalen Sonnenschutzschichten hinsichtlich ihrer Selektivität. In einem weiteren Arbeitspaket wurde der Einfluss der Schichtdicken auf Farbe und Farbstabilität genauer untersucht. Die Sonnenschutz Spezial Beschichtung erwies sich in den 2-Jahres-Feldtests als sehr stabil, ebenso wie die Wärmeschutzbeschichtung in der mittleren Lage der ETFE-Kissen
Inclusive indoor comfort of neurodivergent individuals diagnosed before adulthood: A comprehensive study on thermal, acoustic, visual and air quality domains
No full textThis paper presents a comprehensive review of indoor comfort requirements for young neurodivergent individuals, specifically those typically diagnosed before the age of 18. Neurodivergent conditions, including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Intellectual Disability (ID),
and other related conditions, often entail heightened sensitivity to environmental stimuli. Consequently, understanding the specific comfort needs of these individuals in indoor environments is paramount. The review synthesizes findings from various studies investigating preferences and sensitivities in thermal, acoustic, visual, and air quality domains across different neurodivergent groups. The analysis reveals a predominant focus on acoustic and thermal comfort, with fewer studies addressing visual comfort and indoor air quality. Most research relies on interviews and questionnaires to gather feedback from neurodivergent individuals and their caregivers.
Additionally, few studies provide useful threshold or quantitative data for inclusive design. An overall analysis of the exposure to the four comfort domains for each neurodivergence is provided, highlighting commonalities and differences in comfort needs. The review also examines suggestions and guidelines from various authors, aiming to offer an integrative perspective on the comfort requirements of neurodivergent occupants. This synthesis underscores the necessity for more balanced and detailed research across all comfort domains, advocating for standardized methodologies and comprehensive reporting practices. By addressing the current gaps and the need for a holistic approach to indoor comfort, this paper contributes to the growing body of knowledge on environmental adaptations that support the well-being of neurodivergent individuals. The findings are intended to inform future research, as well as practical applications in designing inclusive and supportive indoor environments
GROUNDBREAKERS Startup Insights: Wie die Baubranche mit Startups zusammenarbeitet
Get PDFObwohl Startups in vielen Branchen eine immer wichtigere Rolle für Innovation und Fortschritt spielen, wird die Zusammenarbeit mit ihnen in der Baubranche noch zögerlich angegangen. Etablierte Unternehmen erkennen zunehmend das Potenzial , gemeinsam Probleme außerhalb ihres Kerngeschäfts zu lösen. Grade für die Herausforderungen nachhaltigeren Bauens bieten Start-Up Kooperationen eine Möglichkeit, schneller innovative Lösungen zu entwickeln