Arca Publishing

Porter, Brooke

Finding Pathways of Communication through Common Grounds in Resource User Conflict: Trouble in Paradise

Obrador, Pau

 
 
Title: A Real Junk Food Pop-up Café: Embedding Critical Hospitalities into the Curriculum 
Author: Pau Obrador 
Affiliation: Northumbria University 
Contact: pau.obrador@northumbria.ac.uk 
Session Type: Presentation 
 
Abstract: 
University curriculums have been rather slow in embracing critical approaches to 
hospitality and events. This is particularly the case of the more practical elements of our degrees. 
Curriculums are mainly preoccupied with managerial practices and issues of industry importance 
and do not explore sufficiently the social, cultural, political, and ethical dimension of hospitality. 
This paper agrees with Lugosi et al. (2009) on the need to create curriculum space for critical 
management approaches that complements applied vocational aspects of hospitality management 
education. 
This paper presents an undergraduate curriculum innovation that is inspired by critical 
approaches to hospitality and events. The activity is part of a new experiential learning module 
that integrates theory and practice to develop viable business solutions. Students gain familiarity 
with important debates on alternative hospitalities and responsible business, while developing 
relevant business, hospitality, and event management skills. Central to this project is the 
symbiotic relation between research, learning, and professional practice. Drawing on Healey and 
Jenkins (2009), the activity recognises that an effective way of engaging students with research 
is through research-based teaching, which takes place when students directly undertake research 
and inquiry. 
The project, which is addressed to first-year tourism and events students, involves the 
organisation of a real junk food event in collaboration with the Magic Hat Café—a non-profit 
community interest company. The Magic Hat is part of the Real Junk Food movement, which 
tackles environmental and social injustice by upcycling edible food waste. They intercept food 
before it goes to waste and serve it in as pay-as-you-feel cafes. Students were asked to create a 
hospitality drawing on the principles of the Real Food Movement, minimising food waste while 
fostering a friendlier city. Students were responsible for intercepting food before going to waste, 
designing and a cooking a menu, marketing the event and evaluating its success. The event 
addressed a number of key issues in critical hospitality, including environmental sustainability, 
food waste, and the nature of hospitality encounters. The paper examines the challenges and 
opportunities of embedding critical hospitalities into an industry-oriented curriculum 
 
  


English

Real Junk Food Pop-up CafÃ©: Embedding Critical Hospitalities into the Curriculum

Mooney, Shelagh

 
 
Title: Intersectionality Unwrapped for Hospitality and Tourism Researchers  
Author: Shelagh Mooney 
Affiliation: Auckland University of Technology 
Contact: smooney@aut.ac.nz 
Session Type: Workshop 
 
Abstract:  
Intersectional research has been the focus of considerable academic interest and debate 
over the last few years. However, its adoption in tourism and hospitality research has been 
relatively limited. Given the rich diversity of tourism research environments and the 
multicultural nature of the hospitality and tourism workforce, certainly a sensitive research 
instrument is required that is capable of investigating multiple aspects of nuanced identity. The 
advantage of an intersectional approach is the way it exposes how individuals experience the 
effects of their social roles (founded on mutually intersecting identities) not as separate or 
cumulative, but as linked and simultaneous intersections (Holvino, 2010). To explore merely one 
aspect of diversity is to only see one part of the complex pattern formed in the ways individuals 
interact with one other in different contexts—the other parts of the puzzle may be missing. 
Crenshaw (1991) introduced the term ‘intersectionality’ in 1989 when she explored the 
discrimination and marginalisation experienced by black women in the United States. Dhamoon 
(2011), among others, argues that during the intervening time, intersectionality has evolved into 
an analytical paradigm that can be widely applied to explore the multifaceted relationships 
between social groups and structures, in varied contexts, beyond the limits of women of colour. 
Yet intersectionality is such a complex methodological approach that researchers may imagine it 
is just too difficult to be used by researchers unfamiliar with its intricacies (McBride, Hebson, & 
Holgate, 2015; Mooney, 2016; Rodriguez, Holvino, Fletcher, & Nkomo, 2016). 
Therefore, the aim of this ‘hands-on’ workshop is to de-mystify the process of using an 
intersectional approach in a research project to make it accessible to hospitality and tourism 
researchers wishing to explore difference. Four main areas will be covered in the interactive 
session: 
 
1. What do you think an intersectional study is like? 
2. How do you conceptualise individual categories of difference? 
3. Should you study individual identity or organizational and societal processes? 
4. How do you track and link multiple intersections of identity? 
 
Please register beforehand in order to receive advance readings before the workshop. I look 
forward to liberating your mind to explore intersectionality! 
 
References: 
Crenshaw, K. (1991). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence  
against women of color. Stanford Law Review, 43(6), 1241–1299.  
Holvino, E. (2010). Intersections: The simultaneity of race, gender, and class in organization  
studies. Gender, Work, & Organization, 17(3), 248–277. 
McBride, A., Hebson, G., & Holgate, J. (2015). Intersectionality: Are we taking enough notice in  
the field of work and employment relations? Work, Employment, & Society, 29(2), 331–
341. 
 
 
Mooney, S. (2016). Nimble intersectionality in employment research: A way to resolve  
methodological dilemmas. Work, Employment, & Society, 30(4), 708–718. 
Rodriguez, J.K., Holvino, E., Fletcher, J.K., & Nkomo, S.M. (2016). The theory and praxis of  
intersectionality in work and organisations: Where do we go from here? Gender, Work, & 
Organization, 23(3), 201–222. 
 
Under the auspices of the Critical Approaches in Tourism and Hospitality SIG of The Council 
for Australasian Tourism and Hospitality Education (CAUTHE) 
 
  


Intersectionality Unwrapped for Hospitality and Tourism Researchers

McIntosh, Alison

Harris, Candice

 
 
Title: Representations of the ‘Good Life’: Hospitality Training for Young People with Learning 
Difficulties at The Special Needs Hotel, UK 
Author: Alison McIntosh & Candice Harris 
Affiliation: Auckland University of Technology  
Contact: mcintosh@waikato.ac.nz 
Session Type: Presentation 
 
Abstract: 
This paper examines representations of young people with learning disabilities in the 
popular television documentary series ‘The Special Needs Hotel’. The TV series followed the 
experiences of young people with a learning disability as they received hands-on training in ‘the 
art of hospitality’ at the Foxes Hotel & Academy in Minehead, England. Drawing on the work of 
Hall (1997), we used a reflective approach in this paper to identify how the hospitality work and 
the trainees are represented. The method of inductive thematic analysis was used to determine 
the key communication about hospitality training for people with a learning disability in the 
episodes. The data collection involved both researchers watching separately all three episodes of 
The Special Needs Hotel, and then we used investigator triangulation to validate and draw 
common themes (Denzin, 1970). The researchers held frequent conversations about their 
analysis and discussion of the scene descriptions (Harris, Tregidga, & Williamson, 2011). The 
key themes which emerged from our analysis will be presented. Some possible implications of 
the identity and ideals constructed in this documentary series are discussed—in particular, those 
relating to the impact of images and language used, boundaries and strategies for accessible 
environments, and the social pursuit of enabling the ‘good life’ and ‘independence’ through 
hospitality training for people with learning disabilities. This study suggests more fundamental 
concerns about the training and employment of people with disabilities in the hospitality 
industry. It also considers broader notions of hospitality toward a group of young people who are 
more excluded from the workplace than any other group of disabled people. 
 
References: 
Denzin, N.K. (1970). The research act: A theoretical introduction to sociological methods.  
Chicago: Aldine. 
Hall, S. (1997). Representation: Cultural representations and signifying practices. London: 
Sage. 
Harris, C., Tregidga, H., & Williamson, D. (2011). Cinderella in Babylon: The representation of  
housekeeping and housekeepers in the UK television series Hotel Babylon. Hospitality & 
Society, 1(1), 47–66. 
 
  


Representations of the âGood Lifeâ: Hospitality Training for Young People with Learning Difficulties at The Special Needs Hotel, UK

LourenÃ§o, Fernando

 
 
Title: Teaching Sustainability by Developing Irresponsible and Responsible Business Ideas for 
Tourism and Hospitality Industry 
Author: Fernando Lourenço & Felisita Morais 
Affiliation: Institute for Tourism Studies, Macao 
Contact: fernandolourenco@ift.edu.mo 
Session Type: Presentation 
 
Abstract: 
 This paper reflects on the views derived from students who engaged in activities aimed at 
switching their mindset along the ethical and sustainability spectrum via an entrepreneurship 
course for a hospitality and tourism degree programme. This study adopts the idea that 
sustainable practice is not universal. Outcomes and bottom lines vary based on the positioning of 
sustainable practice within the sustainable development spectrum (Macbeth, 2005). For example, 
the weaker form of sustainability is egocentric and focuses on growth and resource exploitation. 
The strong form of sustainability is homocentric and focuses on the interests of the collective 
over the individual. The extreme form of sustainability is ecocentric, focusing on nature’s right. 
It is anti-economic growth and supports the reduction of population growth. Different forms of 
sustainable practice will benefit different groups of stakeholders and priorities given to them. It 
is suggested that ethical values are the main driving force that influence sustainability positions 
and practices. Therefore, it is important to understand and to be reflexive about the ethical 
position that forms our sustainability paradigm and which will lead to the practice of sustainable 
tourism. In essence, the students were guided to propose and discuss tourism and hospitality 
business concepts based on different ethical and sustainability perspectives to meet the needs of 
different stakeholders. Instead of teaching them about what is bad or good or what is right or 
wrong, this pedagogical approach guides students to experience different forms of value systems 
and allows them to understand how each perspective leads to different outcomes. The best we 
can do is to equip students with the tools to support their thinking and help them understand 
sustainability and ethical values associated with their ideas. They need to take the journey to 
develop, test out, and further refine their ideas and nurture their personal values as future 
practitioners equipped with sustainability tools, skills, and ideals. 
 
  


Teaching Sustainability by Developing Irresponsible and Responsible Business Ideas for Tourism and Hospitality Industry

Lee, Emma

 
 
Title: Cultural Safety and the Protection of Indigenous Women: Lessons Learnt from Basque 
Fisheries 
Author: Emma Lee 
Affiliation: University of Tasmania 
Contact: Emma.Lee@utas.edu.au 
Session Type: Presentation 
 
Abstract: 
I am an Indigenous person, a senior woman of trawlwulwuy peoples from tebrakunna 
country in the north-east of Tasmania, Australia. I am concerned that the fact of my being, as an 
Indigenous woman, is being manufactured, shaped, and overwritten by what I term tourism’s 
‘Establishment men’. Establishment men are academics, policy-makers, industry operators, and 
tourists, who commodify our black female bodies. Dark tourism, sensuous tourism, wilderness 
tourism—these touristic forms occur in my country and are masculine, colonising structures that 
seek to erase the importance of Indigenous women. These structures are cloaked as theoretical 
insights and experiential freedoms and trade on the geography and ownership of our black 
female bodies for gain. They adhere to linear, historical narratives of power that craft conditions 
for our exclusion and do this in the absence of our powerful voices. 
An example of the practices of Establishment men is found in Franklin and Crang’s 
(2001) foundational paper on performance theory and sensuous tourism. Here, women are recast 
not as exploited ‘peasants’ and ‘Thai bar workers’, but as performance objects framing eroticized 
economies. When exploitation is normalised in critical theory, culturally safe spaces for 
Indigenous women to engage and participate in tourism research, practice, and benefit are 
limited. I am mindful of the places where our black female bodies are manufactured, as I 
consider my future task of assisting our women, Tasmanian Indigenous women, in developing a 
fledgling cultural fisheries industry with tourism extensions. 
As the island state of Australia, and with our history extending back 40,000 years, 
Tasmania should be well-placed to promote cultural fisheries. Yet there are underpinning 
conditions that must be addressed before we have our cultural security to act as authentic black 
female bodies in delivering a tourism service—namely, how to combat our absence, negation, 
and exclusion. In preparation of this task, I have undertaken 6 months of research in the Basque 
Autonomous Region of northern Spain in 2016, to learn lessons, amongst other things, on how 
women shield themselves from exploitative elements within traditional fisheries and food 
tourism. 
Basque women are a connecting strand in fisheries and food tourism. They, and their 
work, are an immediate link and mediator between seas and lands, where contributions 
strengthen touristic experiences. Basque women are represented symbolically in street sculpture, 
fiesta figures, museum exhibits, and poster design, while the tangible aspects are found in their 
outputs as researchers, managers, sellers, marketers, manufacturers, and distributors of fisheries 
products. 
Through strength and visibility in communal behaviours, and a wider public acceptance 
of the role of women in fisheries, there is cultural safety in women’s ability to articulate and 
shape spaces for equitable tourism participation and engagement. 
Tasmanian Indigenous women aspire to a place of developing healthy economies in 
cultural fisheries without the commodification of our black bodies through the practices of 
Establishment men. Like the torn nets that the women mend on the wharves within Basque 
 
 
country, exploitation practices demand our attention and careful fixes.  


Cultural Safety and the Protection of Indigenous Women: Lessons Learnt from Basque Fisheries

Lebon, Coralie

Lapointe, Dominic

Space of Risk, Space at Risk: Climate Change and Tourism Adaptation in Tadoussac, Canada

Kline, Carol

Knollenberg, Whitney

Boley, Bynum

Jordan, Evan

 
 
Title: Current Perceptions of Cuba by Americans 
Author: Carol Kline1, Whitney Knollenberg2, Bynum Boley3, & Evan Jordan4 
Affiliation: Appalachian State University1; North Carolina State University2; University of 
Georgia3; Arizona State University4 
Contact: klinecs@appstate.edu 
Session Type: Presentation 
 
Abstract: 
The United States and Cuba have a long, complicated, and entangled relationship. In light 
of recent economic and trade policy changes in both countries, this study seeks to understand 
how Americans currently view Cuba as a travel destination. Specifically, we will explore some 
of the nuanced relationships between Americans’ perceptions of Cuba and their interest in 
traveling there. 
The research investigates the relationship of political leanings, knowledge about Cuba, 
and previous travel behavior with potential American visitors’ feelings about Cuba. Survey 
respondents were recruited using a panel to ensure that they met certain criteria (e.g., income 
threshold, having traveled from home within the past year); 800 responses were gathered in all. 
Several variables will be used to examine Americans’ perceptions of Cuba, including their 
feelings on the U.S. trade embargo, a sense of urgency to travel to Cuba, motivations for 
traveling to Cuba, concerns about traveling to Cuba, and perceptions of Cuba relative to other 
Caribbean destinations. The exploration of these dependent variables may provide insights of 
value to those marketing Cuba as a potential destination. For example, details on the state of 
Americans’ motivations and concerns related to travel to Cuba could be used to create materials 
aimed at improving the image of Cuba as a destination. Furthermore, little is known about how 
Americans perceive Cuba relative to other Caribbean destinations. In the already crowded 
marketplace of Caribbean travel, this information may help those marketing Cuba as a 
destination determine factors that could improve Cuba’s competitiveness. 
 
  


Current Perceptions of Cuba by Americans

JÃ¦ger (Jaeger), Kari

Asvaldsdottir, Ragnhildur

 
 
Title: Event Volunteering—Tourists and Locals: Creating Their Own Experience Values in 
Horse & Dog Events 
Author: Kari Jæger & Ragnhildur Asvaldsdottir 
Affiliation: UiT Arctic University of Norway 
Contact: kari.jager@uit.no 
Session Type: Presentation 
 
Abstract: 
The aim of this paper is to compare three events, identifying values created through co- 
creation, for the volunteers, outside for the local society, and inside for the event. This with an 
emphasis on what dimensions the international and national volunteer tourists bring to the 
events, creating values together with the local volunteers. It is a value approach, through sharing 
and integrating knowledge and skills in ways that benefit both the volunteers and the events 
(Grönroos & Voima, 2013; Lusch & Vargo, 2014). We focus on the differences between the 
local, national, and international volunteers, related to expectations, experiences, and values 
created for themselves, the events, and the local society, comparing three events arranged in 
Iceland, the United States (Alaska), and Norway. The volunteers, who participate in all three 
events, have different nationalities, knowledge, and skills. Their nationalities differ every year, 
and to enable the creation of values, it is according to Zàtori (2016) important to provoke 
attention, engage, and involve the volunteers and make them discover what working together can 
bring. 
The three events are the horse event, Landsmòt, which is the national championship of 
the Icelandic horse, a biannual event, arranged at Iceland (Helgadóttir & Dashper, 2016), with 
national participants, and national and international volunteers and audience, and the two 
dogsledding races, arranged every year, Iditarod, organised in Alaska, United States, and the 
Finnmark Race (Finnmarksløpet), arranged in Finnmark, Norway, with national and international 
participants (Jæger & Mathisen, 2017). All three events are staged in rural areas, built from the 
bottom up on local premises. Created by local people with a genuine interest in the core 
activities, which is for Landsmòt, a festival anchored in local culture, and a sport event with the 
main track, showing the Icelandic horse in sport competitions and entertainment, and a breeding 
track, showing stallions and mares. For the dogsledding races, it is a sport competition, a tour 
through nature, and a festival with many cultural events arranged during the race period. 
This paper uses a qualitative approach, with fieldwork and interviews conducted at the 
three events. The interviews are analyzed as narratives, where the narrators situate themselves in 
the changing social contexts of everyday life and the event. The study identifies values that are 
important for the volunteers, the events, and the local society. It recognises volunteer individual 
values that are shaping their experiences and value creation. 
 
Link to a short film introducing one of the events investigated in this paper, a horse event on 
Iceland, Landsmót: https://vimeo.com/196279042/32fb1962ef 
 
  


Event VolunteeringâTourists and Locals: Creating Their Own Experience Values in Horse & Dog Events

Guillemard, Alexis

 
 
Title: Neoliberalist Redevelopment and the Touristification of Everyday Life 
Author: Alexis Guillemard & Dominic Lapointe 
Affiliation: Université du Québec à Montréal 
Contact: guillemardalexis@gmail.com 
 
Abstract: 
In Montreal, former industrial brownlands are in the process of being reconverted. 
Amongst those, Griffintown is a former Irish neighbourhood next to the city center that runs 
along the Lachine canal, an important artery for the emergence of industrial Canada. Most of 
Griffintown has been abandoned for nearly 40 years, but the city of Montreal has finally chosen 
to encourage real estate promoters to invest in its rehabilitation, arguing for an urban 
entrepreneurialism at the service of the market economy (Harvey, 1989). Condominium towers 
have quickly proliferated, which has led to new questions. At first glance, the analysis of the case 
of Griffintown does not reveal a very developed leisure tourism. Our interviews and our 
observations confirm it. Investors do not seem to think that this sector is sufficiently profitable in 
the short term. The neighbourhood’s industrial past only becomes an added marketing argument 
for the promoters. Thus, in order to convince private individuals to buy apartments in 
Griffintown, the real-estate discourse has become more and more akin to the discourse of 
tourism. The lack of consultation before the neighbourhood’s growth has led to logistical 
problems such as the lack of public transportation, of schools, of doctors, and even of grocery 
stores. To remedy this, the promoters sell an experience, a landscape, and a lifestyle. We observe 
a touristification of daily life, through which we can identify the reproduction of neoliberalism’s 
spatial practices. The neighbourhood also evokes an overflowing of the ‘tourist bubble’ (Judd, 
1999), when the city governments, in partnership with tourism entrepreneurs, construct places 
where visitors can find suitable facilities and amenities, in a safe and convenient environment 
(Judd, 1999, p. 37). 
At Griffintown, the municipality and the real-estate agents seem to produce this sort of 
spatial tourist bubble, but for wealthy residents of luxurious condos. The presentation will close 
by an opening towards the concept of touristification of everyday life as an example of 
expansion of contemporary capitalism in the private sphere in the new spirit of capitalism 
(Boltanski & Chiappelo, 2005). 
 
 
 
  


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