Publikationsserver der Ostbayerischen Technischen Hochschule Regensburg
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Verantwortung als Leitprinzip der Arbeit der Gemeinsamen Ethikkommission der Hochschulen Bayerns (GEHBa)
No full textElektrisch + digital = nachhaltig? Welche Nachhaltigkeitsgewinne haben neue Mobilitätformen?
No full textPolarization-based peak distortion mitigation for 5G sidelink positioning
No full textFor cooperative driving both environmental perception and communication with other vehicles and the infrastructure are essential to avoid safety critical situations. The 5G Sidelink, as part of the Cellular Vehicle to Everything framework, enables both communication and, since 3GPP Release 18, positioning for distance estimation between vehicles. Due to the expected bandwidth limitations of 5G Sidelink in the Intelligent Transportation System band, combined with signal distortion caused by multi-path superposition, achieving submeter positioning accuracy is a significant challenge. Polarization diversity is investigated as a potential approach to mitigate errors resulting from signal distortion and subsequent peak shifts due to multi-path superposition. This work investigates the potential for reduced peak shift errors through the use of dual-polarized receive antennas. The received signals are processed using a polarization scan algorithm and compared to the accuracy achieved with single-antenna systems. The analysis is conducted using the Quasi Deterministic Radio Channel Generator framework with statistical Vehicle-to-Everything channel models. Simulation results show that polarization scan-based postprocessing reduces peak shifts and improves robustness in scenarios with polarization-mismatched antenna configurations
Evaluating the loads on the female pelvic floor during full-body activities using computational models
No full textThis work investigated the loads on the female pelvic floor during various full-body movements using computational models to calculate abdominal pressure and organ dynamic loads. While high-impact exercises resulted in higher loads, other movements showed lower loads, potentially indicating, which movements may be performed without risking pelvic floor overload and subsequent dysfunctions
Wechselwirkungsverhalten von thermisch beanspruchten Rohren und zeitweise fließfähigen, selbstverdichtenden Verfüllbaustoffen
No full textGegenstand dieser Arbeit ist die Untersuchung der Wechselwirkung zwischen zeitweise fließfähigen, selbstverdichtenden Verfüllbaustoffen (kurz: ZFSV) und erdverlegten, thermisch beanspruchten Rohren und die Entwicklung eines Berechnungsansatzes, mit dem das Tragverhalten der Rohre genauer beschrieben werden kann. Zu den thermisch belasteten Rohren zählen Fernwärmeleitungen sowie Übertragungsleitungen für hohe Gleichspannungen. Zur Berechnung der Verschiebungs- und Normalkraftverläufe entlang der Rohre ist vor allem die Kenntnis über den Widerstand gegen temperaturbedingte axiale Rohrverschiebung maßgebend. Der Verschiebewiderstand wird mit speziell entwickelten, kleinmaßstäblichen Versuchen im Labor untersucht und in Abhängigkeit des Probenalters und der Normalspannung dargestellt. Da die Normalspannung Einfluss auf die Größe des Widerstands hat, wird ein Großversuch durchgeführt, mit dem aus der radialen Temperaturausdehnung des Rohres auf die Kontaktnormalspannungsänderung geschlossen werden kann. Es wird bei dem Großversuch sowie bei den kleinmaßstäblichen Laborversuchen ein quasi-kontinuierlich messendes faseroptisches Messsystem eingesetzt, mit dem die Dehnungen bzw. Stauchungen des Rohres und des ZFSV bestimmt werden können. Aus den Versuchen wird gefolgert, dass im Vergleich zu nichtbindigen Böden, zwischen dem Rohr und dem ZFSV Adhäsionskräfte auftreten, die zu deutlichen Verschiebewiderständen führen. Da es aktuell keine Regelwerke sowie wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen gibt, mit denen zuverlässig ein thermisch beanspruchtes Rohr bemessen werden kann, bei dem auch Adhäsionskräfte an der Kontaktfläche berücksichtigt werden, ist eine Bemessung von in ZFSV verlegten Rohren aktuell nicht möglich. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird das Tragverhalten solcher Rohrleitungssysteme untersucht und die Grundlagen für die Bemessung erstellt. Aus den kleinmaßstäblichen Laborversuchen, dem Großversuch sowie mit numerischen Untersuchungen wird das Kontaktverhalten analysiert und eine Arbeitslinie entwickelt, die den Verschiebewiderstand in Abhängigkeit der axialen Rohrverschiebung wiedergibt. Mit dieser Kontaktwiderstandsarbeitslinie wird ein Stab-Feder-System und ein halbanalytischer Berechnungsansatz entwickelt, mit denen die Normalkräfte und Verschiebungen von erdverlegten, thermischen beanspruchten Rohren berechnet werden können
TWiDDle: Twirling and Dynamical Decoupling, and Crosstalk Noise Modeling
No full textCrosstalk remains a major source of correlated error in quantum systems, yet lacks a precise, community-wide definition - hindering systematic analysis and mitigation. This paper introduces a model-driven approach to crosstalk characterisation through three architecture-inspired noise models: (1) simultaneous two-qubit gate execution, (2) shared qubit interference, and (3) proximity-induced noise from shared control or readout hardware. These models act as both diagnostic tools and building blocks for crosstalk-aware quantum programming. We assess their impact across a broad benchmark suite - quantum simulation, Grover's algorithm, and fault-tolerant primitives like surface, Shor, and Steane codes - and evaluate two mitigation techniques: dynamical decoupling and Pauli twirling. While both are discussed in literature, only dynamical decoupling consistently enhances fidelity across noise types. Our work links low-level noise effects to high-level software engineering, underscoring the role of hardware-software co-design in scalable quantum computing. Model-based, hardware-aware design flows and composable noise abstractions improve error mitigation and program portability. Integrating such strategies into the toolchain is essential for building resilient quantum programs under realistic noise conditions
A Procedure Model for Developing Gerontechnological Solutions to Achieve Demographic Sustainability in Aging Society
No full textPopulation aging is arguably one of the most serious challenges facing human society. It is not only a severe crisis in the developed world but also a rigorous threat to emerging economies. Therefore, vigorous measures need to be taken to mitigate the impact of aging society. This chapter proposes a procedure model as the foundation to systematically develop gerontechnological solutions. Based on the analysis of the state-of-the-art assistive smart furniture and smart home solutions and the requirements of older adults, a service system called Ambient Rehabilitation Kit that transforms clinical and care environments into personalized modular sensing, prevention, and intervention systems was proposed, encouraging older adults to become healthier through various activities. To achieve that goal, several modular smart interior devices integrating advanced sensing and assistive technologies were developed which seamlessly materialize the care concepts and functionality. Meanwhile, a strategy for testing and exhibiting the system was proposed. Furthermore, this chapter also introduces a framework for the cost-benefit analysis of the gerontechnological solutions compared to traditional care methods. Finally, in order to mitigate the severe threat imposed by rapid population aging to the social sustainability of emerging economies, the prospects for implementing the Ambient Rehabilitation Kit in China’s market are discussed, and a research and development action plan is proposed based on the results of a nationwide opinion survey
Evaluation of Audio Deepfakes – Systematic Review
No full textGenerative models for audio are commonly used for music composition, sound effects generation for video game development, audio restoration, voice cloning, etc. The ease of generating indistinguishable fake audio with deep learning poses a major threat to personal privacy, online security, and political discourse. Evaluating the quality and realism of these synthetic utterances is crucial for mitigating the potential for misinformation and harm. To assess this threat, this paper conducts a systematic review, using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), on how these deepfake models are currently evaluated. The analysis of 86 papers shows that the majority of the evaluation is conducted on a machine level and highlights a research gap regarding the human perception of deepfakes. This paper explores various methods and perceptual measures employed in assessing audio deepfakes and evaluating their strengths, limitations, and future directions