Publikationsserver der Ostbayerischen Technischen Hochschule Regensburg
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Driverless vehicles and software dependency: sustainability, security, and safety are at stake
No full textApplication of the Hull Cell for Identifying Electropolishing Parameters to Adjust Surface Morphology in Additive Manufacturing
No full textAdditively processed materials are increasingly used to manufacture customized parts, e.g. medical implants. Implant surfaces often require a smooth finish, which can be achieved by post-processing and well-defined process parameters. In this study, the effects of electropolishing of metal parts produced by laser powder bed fusion are investigated using Hull cell experiments and a three-electrode setup. Current density voltage curves were measured with the three-electrode setup to identify the regimes for electropolishing. Subsequently different constant-currents were applied and Hull cell experiments were conducted. The surface roughness (Sz, Sa) and the mass removal were analysed. Surface morphologies were assessed using laser scanning and scanning electron microscopy. A reduction of the initial surface roughness of more than 90% to Sa < 0.3 μm has been achieved. Considering the passed electrical charge during electropolishing, results from Hull cell experiments are systematically correlated with current-controlled electropolishing. This approach enables the precise tailoring of polishing parameters to achieve surfaces with defined roughness. Furthermore, the study demonstrates the suitability of Hull cells in determining electropolishing parameters for additive materials and highlights their contribution to post-processing in additive manufacturing
Über die strukturierte Entwicklung digitaler Lehr- und Lernformate mit EMPAMOS – Erkenntnisse aus einem Lehrprojekt
No full textDer vorliegende Beitrag diskutiert ausgewählte Schlaglichter eines hybriden Lehr- und Lernprojektes, welches mithilfe von EMPAMOS als Analyse-, Gestaltungs- und Reflexionsinstrument entwickelt und begleitet wurde. Das Lehrprojekt verfolgte das Ziel, hybride und digitale Lehre in einem Kurs zur mathematischen Statistik durch Gamification motivational ansprechend zu gestalten. Hierfür wurde das hybride Lehr- und Lernlabor als ein veränderliches Spielfeld verstanden, mit welchem es umzugehen galt, um stets handlungsfähig zu bleiben und Studierende adäquat auf das Bestehen des Leistungsnachweises vorzubereiten. Dabei konnte die kooperative Spielform als ein zentrales Spielelement identifiziert werden, mit dem sich dieser Auftrag umsetzen ließ. Bei den Studierenden hatte jedoch das immanente motivationale Bedürfnis nach Kompetenzerleben die höchste Priorität
Self-Determination in Patients with Intensive Care Needs: Care Management Implications
No full textHighly vulnerable people, such as those on permanent ventilation, are heavily
dependent on medical, nursing and social support. The aim of the treatment of these
patients is to make them independent of the ventilators - insofar as there is a po-
tential for weaning from ventilation. This requires a considerable amount of time,
especially for people with multimorbid diseases. In a clinical setting, the necessary
resources for this are not available.
In a newly created transitional living form for out-of-hospital ventilation wean-
ing, patients are closely supervised and supported in the weaning process by a
multidisciplinary team in a homely environment. The transitional housing form is
supported by research carried out by the Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Re-
gensburg. The evaluation of self-determination in a complex disease situation is
one aspect of this research.
This paper is based on a study that included 54 guideline-based, semi-stan-
dardised interviews which were conducted with the patients themselves and/or rel-
atives covering the aspects of medical and therapeutic care as well as housing and
self-determination. The interviews were evaluated using content analysis. In a first
step, the categories of the analysis of self-determination are described. Further-
more, the results are exemplified with a case study.
Results of the study show that the perception of quality of life is closely linked
to the possibilities for self-determination. The comprehensive medical, nursing and
therapeutic support contributes to the well-being of the sick people, who should be
informed about and involved in the treatment. The case study illustrates by way of
example how self-determination can be achieved in the case of severely diseased
patients (e.g. referring to their mobilisation, visits, spare time activities) and how
compliance can be increased. It became evident that even in the case of lethal dis-
eases whose progression cannot be influenced, a self-determined life is still possi-
ble
Forschungsbericht REBIBA - Recycling von Bitumenbahnen für Bauwerksabdichtungen
No full textIn Europa werden ca. 62 % aller neuen Flachdächer mit Bitumenbahnen abgedichtet (Das Dachdecker-Handwerk, 2023). Bitumenbahnen bestehen typischerweise aus einem Trägermaterial – einem Glas-moder Kunststoffvlies. Dieses ist beidseitig mit Bitumen(-massen) beschichtet. Diese Bitumenmassenbestehen zu einem großen Anteil aus erdölbasiertem Bitumen, dessen Herstellung viel Energieverbraucht und somit einen hohen Emissionsausstoß aufweist. Am Ende der Nutzungsdauer vonBitumenbahnen werden diese aufgrund ihres Heizwertes thermisch verwertet.Mit diesem Forschungsprojekt wurden die wissenschaftlichen und technischen Hindernisse für diestoffliche Verwertung und das kontinuierliche Recycling von bituminösem Abdichtungs- undDachbahnen-Abfall in Deutschland eruiert. Dazu wurden alle Verarbeitungsschritte zur Gewinnung undAufbereitung von wiedergewonnenen Bitumenbahnen aus Bauabfällen als wertvolle Ressource fürAnwendungen im Hochbau in Form neuer Bitumenbahnen betrachtet. Hierzu wurden zunächstunterschiedliche Aufbereitungstechniken erprobt, um die Bitumenmasse von den Trägereinlagenabzutrennen. Zur Charakterisierung der Bitumenmassen und deren Alterungsverhalten wurdenrheologische Prüfverfahren im Dynamischen Scherrheometer durchgeführt. Diese erlauben dieBeurteilung der viskoelastischen Eigenschaften und des Gebrauchsverhaltens bei Wärme und beiKälte. Anhand der rheologischen Prüfungen wurde das Alterungsverhalten von Bitumenmassenumfassend untersucht, um daraus die Grundlage für die Rezepturentwicklung von rezykliertenBitumenmassen zu erstellen.Aus den zerkleinerten Rezyklaten konnten Prototypen von Bitumenbahnen mit Recycling-Anteilen vonbis zu 37 % hergestellt werden. Für die großtechnische Umsetzung des Recyclingverfahrens ist dieAbtrennung der Trägereinlagen und möglichen mineralischen Abstreuungen anzustreben. Die begleitende Ökobilanzierung zeigte ein Einsparpotenzial bei den Treibhausemissionen (GWP) vonbis zu 33,0 %. Unter Einbindung erneuerbarer Energien ist eine Reduktion von bis zu 43,1 % denkbar. Im Bereich der nicht erneuerbaren Primärenergie (PENRT), die sich bei Bitumendachbahnen hauptsächlich aus materiellen und energetischen fossilen Stoffen zusammensetzt, kann etwa die Hälfte davon eingespart werden. Das ist den 80 % des Bitumenmaterials zuzuschreiben, die maximal prozesstechnisch substituiert werden können, was schließlich deutlich höher ausfällt, als die theoretischen Einsparpotentiale im Treibhauspotential.Around 62 % of all new flat roofs in Europe are waterproofed with bitumen membranes (Das Dachdecker-Handwerk, 2023). These membranes typically consist of a carrier material, such as glass or plastic fleece, coated on both sides with bitumen compounds. These compounds consist largely of petroleum-based bitumen, the production of which causes high emissions and consumes a lot of energy. After bitumen sheets reach the end of their useful life, they are thermally recycled due to their calorific value. This project aims to overcome the scientific and technical obstacles to recovering and continuously recycling bituminous waterproofing and roofing membrane waste in Germany. All processing steps for extracting and treating recovered bituminous membranes from construction waste will be considered valuable resources for applications in building construction, such as new bituminous membranes. Initially, different processing techniques were tested to separate the bitumen mass from the carrier layers. Rheological test methods using a dynamic shear rheometer were introduced to characterize the bitumen masses and their aging behavior. These tests allow us to assess the viscoelastic properties and service behavior in hot and cold conditions. Rheological tests were used to investigate the aging behavior of bituminous mixtures, creating a foundation for developing formulations for recycled bituminous mixtures. Shredded recyclates were used to produce prototypes of bitumen membranes containing up to 37 % recycled material. The goal for large-scale implementation of the recycling process is to separate the carrier layers and any mineral scattering. An accompanying life cycle assessment showed the potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GWP) by up to 33.0 %. With the integration of renewable energies, a reduction of up to 43.1 % is possible. In the area of non-renewable primary energy (PENRT), around half of this can be saved, mainly by substituting material and energetic fossil substances in bitumen roofing membranes. This is due to the fact that 80 % of the bitumen material can be substituted by process technology, which is ultimately a significantly higher savings potential than that of global warming. With the integration of renewable energies, a reduction of up to 43.1 % is possible. Around half of this can be saved in the area of non-renewable primary energy (PENRT), which, in the case of bitumen roofing membranes, is mainly made up of material and energetic fossil substances. This is due to the fact that 80 % of the bitumen material can be substituted by process technology, which is ultimately significantly higher than the theoretical savings potential in terms of global warming potential
Rechtsextremismus transnational betrachtet : das Forschungsprojekt zur Ülkücü-Bewegung in Bayern stellt sich vor
No full textDeutschland ist eine postmigrantische Gesellschaft. Die damit einhergehende Pluralität beschränkt sich nicht nur auf Herkünfte und Biografien, sondern spiegelt sich auch in Lebensentwürfen und politischen Einstellungen wider, die nicht nur demokratisch, sondern menschenverachtend-völkisch und antidemokratisch sein können. Im Projekt ReTra geht es darum, mehr über Strukturen, Akteur:innen und Aktivitäten von türkischen extrem rechten Organisationen in Bayern zu erfahren. Dabei wird der Einfluss von politischen Veränderungen in der Türkei miteinbezogen. Das Projekt leistet einen Beitrag zur Rechtsextremismusforschung unter Berücksichtigung sich aufspannender transnationaler sozialer Räume. Die qualitative Studie wird ergänzt durch einen partizipativen Forschungsansatz, in dem zivilgesellschaftlich Aktive als Co-Forschende einbezogen werden. Fortlaufend wird die Fachdiskussion mit einschlägigen Wissenschaftler:innen geführt. So entsteht ein Netzwerk, durch das ein kontinuierlicher Forschungs-Praxis Austausch ermöglicht wird. Durch eine Handreichung leistet das Projekt einen Beitrag für die zivilgesellschaftliche Praxis und darüber hinaus für ein demokratisches Miteinander
Evaluating Knee Joint Loads Across Exercises and Activities of Daily Living to Personalize TKA Rehabilitation
No full textThis study assessed knee joint loading during various physiotherapy exercises and activities of daily living in 30 healthy subjects. Results showed that lunges and squats caused the highest joint forces, while gait and stair activities also imposed substantial loads. These findings support datadriven exercise selection for personalized rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty
Archetypes, Situations, and Practices : a Guide to Successful Low-Code Adoption
No full textThis paper extends prior work on low-code by explaining when adoption archetypes occur and how to use them. Motivated by information technology (IT) talent shortages and uneven low-code development platform (LCDP) outcomes, the paper seeks practical guidance for post-adoption choices in work systems. Using a multiple mini case study of 36 cases in large German organizations, this study analyzes interviews and context questionnaires with within-/cross-case coding and pattern matching against a 13-factor model. This analysis identifies situations that trigger three adoption archetypes—application development democratizers, synergy realizers, and IT resource shortage mitigators—and one non-adoption archetype, intricacy adversaries. The analysis also maps advantages and disadvantages and distills 12 good practices. Across adoption cases, efficiency is the dominant goal, whereas non-adoption stems from high application sophistication. The results give actionable guidance: align goals to an archetype, stick to LCDP standards, involve IT and foster an open culture, invest in skilling, reuse platform components, and reserve LCDPs for less-complex apps while planning architecture early
Simulation-Based Digital Twins for Internal Transport Systems
No full textThe increasing complexity of internal transport systems in industrial applications poses significant challenges for operational decision-making. This paper presents a simulation-based Digital Twin framework developed within the research project TwinTraSys to support the control of such systems. The framework is specifically tailored to the constraints of real-world IT infrastructures, requiring minimal transaction data, while enabling predictive analysis and dynamic scenario evaluation. It consists of a modular architecture divided into four core components: data provision, data preparation, simulation, and decision support. A dedicated simulation framework enables the automated generation of structural models and the integration of real-world operational control systems. The proposed approach has been validated in industrial settings and has demonstrated its ability to support resource planning and transport resource allocation through simulation-based experimentation and multi-criteria evaluation. This paper contributes to the practical advancement of Digital Twin applications in intralogistics by bridging the gap between theoretical models and real-world constraints
Qualitative Exploration of Applied Sport Psychology Practices in Deaflympic Sports
No full textIntroduction Athletes competing in elite Deaf sports, known as Deaflympic sports, display unique sociocultural characteristics (Clark & Mesch, 2018). Yet, sport psychology research has largely overlooked this group of athletes for decades (Markov-Glazer et al., 2023). This study therefore aimed to examine sport psychology practices in Deaflympic sport, focusing on identifying distinctive characteristics, needs, and preferences of this athlete group.
Methodology To achieve this goal, six in-depth focus group interviews were conducted with 23 active Deaflympic athletes (26.1% female) and four coaches from individual sports (e.g., tennis) and team sports (e.g., handball). Participants discussed their use of psychological skills and communication strategies, the role of hearing aids in training and competition, and their experiences with sport psychology consultants. We analyzed the interviews’ contents using thematic content analysis (Braun et al., 2016).
Results The results showed participants largely apply psychological skills intuitively. Additionally, several distinctive features emerged in their use of techniques such as self-talk and relaxation. Moreover, athletes relying on visual cues for processing information described unique cognitive challenges during competition under certain conditions.
Conclusions In conclusion, Deaflympic athletes use psychological skills similarly to Paralympic and Olympic athletes but may apply them in distinct ways under specific circumstances. These and other unique characteristics should be considered when working with Deaflympic athletes. Moreover, Deaflympic athletes, particularly in team sports, may face additional cognitive demands that merit further attention in sport psychology practice and research