Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science
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The Role of Microalgae in Improving The Quality of Industrial Wastewater and Reducing Environmental Pollution
No full textIndustrial water pollution results in severe health hazard to the people besides enhancing the level of environmental pollution. Given its capabilities to successfully filter pollutants and generate useful biomass, microalgae have become a suitable and efficient manner of wastewater treatment. This work investigates the efficiency of Chlorella saccharophila (CSA) and Chlorella vulgaris (CVS) for wastewater treatment. The outcomes suggested reliable reductions in some of the chemical parameters including chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, electrical conductivity and total suspended solids when Chlorella species were applied on the wastewater. Decrease in the quantity of total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN) also clearly indicates that how effectively Chlorella species remove hazardous materials from wastewater. Another important effect was the decrease of the pH after treatment by Chlorella species, which affects pathogen inactivation as well as the further treatment steps. The differences in the growth rates as well as the capacities for nutrient removal between CVS and CSA might have been responsible for any differences in the efficiency of pollutant removal. CSA offered superiority over CVS for the removal of TDS; TAN and COD were better removed by CVS. Overall, the study indicated that Chlorella species may prove to be a cheap and effective bio-remediation method of wastewater. Heavy metals, organic pollutants and nutrients, amongst other, could be removed by the microalgae. The treated water met the discharge standards for some parameters because the treated wastewater could be released into the environment. Overall, the results point to the possibility of using Chlorella species as an affordable and environmentally friendly wastewater treatment technique
Effects of bee glue on oxidant-antioxidant balance and renal funication in the male rat exposed to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide
No full textThis study was carried out from January to March 2024, aimed at assessing the impact of bee glue extracts (aquatic and ethanolic) on the oxidant-antioxidant balance by estimating the concentration of certain antioxidants and their indicators such as glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as assessing their impact on kidney functions by estimating the concentration of urea , creatinine, Blood urea nitrogen (BUN),BUN/Creatinine ratio and creatinine clearance (CrCl) among male rats exposed to hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidation stress. The results showed that treatment with bee glue extracts led to an increase in GSH , BUN/Creatinine ratio and CrCl levels in serum and a decrease in MDA, urea, creatinine and BUN levels compared to the H2O2 group. The study results indicate that both aqueous and alcoholic extracts of bee glue have a preventive role against oxidative damage caused by stress. This is achieved by improving the levels of GSH , BUN/Creatinine ratio and CrCl levels and reducing the level of lipid peroxidation (MDA). Additionally, the kidney function is enhanced by reducing the levels of urea , creatinine and BUN in rats treated with H2O2
Prevalence of Hepatitis Viruses in Hospitalized Patients in Thi-Qar Province
No full textGlobally, hepatitis is a major public health concern because it causes high rates of morbidity and mortality. Understanding the prevalence of hepatitis among hospitalized patients is crucial for effective healthcare planning and resource allocation. This study aims to investigate the frequency of hepatitis caused by HBV and HCV in hospitalized patients, the risk factors causing it, and the significance of putting preventative measures in place to stop its spread within healthcare facilities. 400 individuals who received care at Al Nasseryiah general hospital between October 2022 and February 2023 were all screened. To ensure that the specimens were randomly chosen, blood samples were periodically taken from various hospital medical wards. The serum samples were then frozen until it was time for the ELISA method examination after being centrifuged to retrieve the serum. All samples were examined for the detection of the Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCVin accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Of the total 400 patients screened 17 (4.25%) patients were positive for HBV and only 5 (1.25%) patients were positive for HCV. The ratio of Female and Male was 1: 2. The majority of the positive results were belonging to patients undergoing dialysis 12 (3%), followed by ICU 3 (0.75%) and lastly ER reported only 2 (0.5%) positive results. Also, the results of the screening revealed a strong positive association between the duration of dialysis and the risks of contracting hepatitis infection. Also, the most effected age group was between 25 to 45 years of age. This study offers significant new information regarding the incidence of hepatitis among hospitalized patients. The results underline the need for focused screening, prevention, and treatment efforts as well as the continuous burden of hepatitis B and C in this community. These findings could help clinicians and healthcare officials apply the best strategies to lessen the effects of hepatitis on hospitalized patients and enhance general health outcomes. To track future changes in the prevalence of hepatitis and its related risk factors, additional study and surveillance are necessary
The Connection Between a Diabetic Patient's Hba1c Level and Vitamin D3
No full textThis research aimed to examine the correlation between vitamin D3 levels and HbA1c in individuals with type 2 diabetes compared to healthy subjects. Human blood and serum samples were collected from private laboratories, including samples from diabetic patients and healthy individuals. The study utilized various laboratory equipment and assays, such as plane centrifuge, micropipette, and Cobas e 411 for analysis. The findings indicated an increase in vitamin D3 levels in 32.5% of males and 70% of females in both study groups. There was a positive correlation between vitamin D3 and HbA1c levels in both control and type 2 diabetes groups. However, no significant correlation between vitamin D3 and HbA1c was observed in either group. The study concludes that there is no significant difference in vitamin D3 and HbA1c levels between diabetic patients and healthy individuals. Further research is needed to elucidate the impact of vitamin D on glucose regulation
Adventive Species of the Asteraceae Juss. Family in the Urban Flora of Andijan
No full textThis article aims to provide a comprehensive list of these species and explore their presence in the local urban and natural environments. In the urban flora of Andijan city, 355 species belonging to 47 families and 218 genera have been identified, with the Asteraceae family comprising 54 species. Of these, 22 species belong to the adventive fraction
The Synergistic Effect of Cordia Myxa and Bioemulsifier Extracted from Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Against Pathogenic Bacteria
No full textTwenty-five pathogenic bacterial isolates were obtained from different isolation sources. Most of the isolates showed resistance to most antibiotics. Five isolates of baker's yeast of different origins were collected from local markets. Isolate Pa was selected as the most efficient isolate in producing the bioemulsifier, with an emulsifying efficiency of E24 = 81.8%. The method of applying the microtiter plate was adopted to test the inhibitory activity. The bioemulsion showed inhibitory activity against six selected isolates at MIC=80.82mg/ml. Both extracts from C. myxa contain phenols, flavonoids, and glycosides, while the water extract without the alcoholic extract lacks alkaloids and a small percentage of saponin. The water extract showed inhibitory activity against S. Typhi, Shigella sonnei, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and K. pneumoniae at (MIC) = 250mg/ml, And at MIC=62.5mg/ml towards E. coli. The alcoholic extract showed inhibitory activity against S. Typhi, Shigella sonnei, K. pneumoniae, and E. coli isolates at MIC=62.5mg/ml, While it showed inhibitory activity against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus isolates at MIC=125mg/ml. The Boardchequer method was adopted to study the synergistic relationship and determine the FIC. The study showed a synergistic relationship between the bioemulsifier and the alcoholic extract with a fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) = 0.267 towards isolates of S. typhi, Shigella sonnei, K. pneumonia, and E. coli, While the FIC = 0.151 towards P. aeruginosa and S. aureus isolates
Correlation Between Blood Sugar Levels and D-Dimer Levels in Covid-19 Patients at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital
No full textThe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause fatal outcome. A number of factors, including blood glucose levels, can impact how this disease progresses. One of the test results that is utilized to assess the prognosis of COVID-19 patients is D dimer. The aim of this study is to ascertain how blood sugar levels affect D-dimer levels in PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital COVID-19 inpatients. This research is aquantitative analytical observational study with a cross sectional design. The number of samples in this study was 373 samples, consisting of 213 samples of COVID-19 patients with blood glucose <200 mg/dl and 160 samples of COVID-19 patients with blood glucose >200 mg/dL. The sample was obtained using a simple random sampling method. Analysis was applied to determine the correlation between blood sugar levels and D-dimer levels from the two sample groups. This study also measured the D-dimer cut-off point value which was assessed using the ROC curve. Results: No significant correlation was found between blood sugar levels and D dimer levels in COVID-19 patients hospitalized at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital (p>0.05).The cut-off pointvalue of D-dimer in diabetes patients is 1,505 mg/dL with sensitivity of 62,7% and specificity of 63,8% and the risk of death is 2,2 greater in patients with D-dimer levels >1,505mg/dL (RR: 2,217; 95% CI: 1,499- 3,278). Conclusion: Blood sugar and D-dimer levels did not significantly correlate in COVID-19 inpatients. The risk of death in patients with D-dimer levels >1.505 mg/dL was 2.2
The Role of the Vosoritide Drug in Childrens with Achondroplasia
No full textAchondroplasia is a hereditary disorder that follows an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. The condition is a result of harmful mutations in the FGFR3 gene, which occur when there are two different versions of the gene presentMutations in the de novo gene FGFR3 prevent the development of chondrocytes forward unregulated growth and instead promote the growth of existing bone,this negatively affects the creation of new bone. Vosoritide, additionally called voxzogo, represents a significant leap approaching the approval of a pharmaceutical treatment that is specifically intended to address achondroplasia. Aforementioned medication has been approved for use in-home injections, these injections must be conducted under the supervision of a knowledgeable nurse in ordering to ensure proper guidance and safety
Three-Component Synthesis of Enaminones Based on Homoveratrilamine and Aromatic Aldehydes
No full textAn efficient one-reactor procedure leading to β-enaminones has been developed. The developed methodology involves a multicomponent [1+2+1] cyclocondensation reaction of starting materials. As starting materials we used homoveratrilamine as the primary amine source and acetoacetic ether as the dicarbonyl compound and a number of aromatic aldehydes. Mild reaction conditions, simple and rapid methods of purification and separation of the obtained products further facilitated the synthesis process. The structure of the synthesized substances was established by IR, 1 H and 13C NMR spectra and physical constants were studied
Type 2 Diabetes is a Common Condition that Causes High Blood Sugar (Glucose) Levels in Iraqi Patients with Some Parameters Measured
No full textDiabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial disorder that is quickly expanding in all landmasses of the world, causing high glucose levels in patients. An example of 60 Iraqi patients with type 2 diabetes was explored in view of a few standards. The glycemic control standards included fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), and insulin levels. The serum uric analysis was incorporated. The consequences of the current review showed a huge increment (P˃0.05) in FBG, HbA1c, and insulin levels in type 2 diabetes patients contrasted with controls. Insulin responsiveness showed a huge decline (P˃0.05) in patients contrasted with controls. Uric corrosive levels expanded in type 2 diabetes patients, yet the distinctions were non-huge. TAC level had a huge reverse relationship (P˃0.05). HbA1c levels showed a critical opposite relationship (P˃0.05) with uric corrosive