Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science
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Environmental Modifications and Alternatives Before Physical Restraint by Nurses
No full textPhysical restraint alternatives can be considered as any strategy or method that is used to keep the person safe without resorting to a device or material that would limit the person’s physical freedom. The main aim of the study is to assess performance of nurses toward environmental modifications and alternatives before physical restraint. A descriptive study design is carried out at Baqubah Teaching Hospital in critical care unit, from 7th October, 2023 to 22th April , 2024. The instruments were constructed by the researcher for the purpose of the study. Fifty nurses, who were selected by a non-probability (convenient) sampling method. Validity of the study instrument was determined through a panel of experts and reliability of the instrument was determined through Cronbach's Alpha method. The analysis of the data used was descriptive statistics and statistical inferential, in order to find the differences in the study group. The study findings indicate mean of score about environmental modifications and alternatives before physical restraint 1.12 in overall domains regarding. The study concludes most of the nurses’ have unsatisfactory performance concerning environmental modifications and alternatives physical restraining at critical care patients, with subsequent reductions in the frequency of related complications among these patients. The researcher recommends that development of local policies for physical restraint use including detailed descriptions of conditions requiring its use is mandatory regarding the use of environmental modifications and alternatives of physical restraint would have added value to the results
Study the Effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alfa, Potassium and Some Physiological Parameters in People With Migraine in Samarra City
No full textThe aim of the research was to find the relationship between certain physiological and biochemical variables and migraine, and to assess their impact on some physiological functions in the body. The experiment was conducted from the beginning of July 2023 until the end of October 2023. Samples were collected from outpatient clinics in the city of Samarra, where 70 blood samples were collected and divided into two groups: 30 controls and 40 patients. The results showed a significant increase in TNF-α levels in migraine patients compared to the control group, along with a significant decrease in Hb and HCT levels and an increase in potassium levels compared to the control group
Evaluation of Aloe Vera Ethanolic Extract and Medical Al-Athmad Eyeliner on Bacterial Species Causing Eye Inflammation
No full textThe current study included the collection of (300) samples from (150) people from patients visiting Balad General Hospital and some private clinics in Balad District - Salah Al-Din Governorate, a sample was taken from both the right and left eyes using special dry and sterile cotton swabs that can be disposed of later, for the period ranging from November 2022 to January 2023, (235) positive samples for bacterial growth were obtained, constituting 78.3% of the total samples collected, positive growth specimens have been diagnosed depending on their morphological, farming and biochemical properties, the diagnosis of a number of them was confirmed using the Vitek2 system. The results showed obtaining (140) isolates out of a total of (235) positive samples for Gram stain, with a percentage of 59.6%, it included aureus staphylococcus by 27.65%, Staphylococcus epidermidis by 14.89%, Bacillus by 6.36%, Streptococcus viridans by 4.25% and Diphtheria by 6.38%, while the negative isolates of Gram stain were (95) isolates with a percentage of 40.4% of the total isolates and included Psedomonas auroginosa by 14.89%, klebsilla bacteria by 8.51%, E-Coli bacteria by 10.63% and Nisseria gonorrhoeae bacteria by 6.38%. The results also showed that the eyeliner used in the study (Al-Athmad) gave a modest inhibitory activity compared to the ethanolic alcoholic extract against the bacterial species under study, the highest average inhibitory diameter was (15) mm for N. gonorrhoeae and S. viridans at concentration (200) mg/ml
Evaluation of Lead and Nickel Levels in Blood Serum Samples of Beta-Thalassemia Patients
No full textβ-Thalassemia major (β-TM) is a genetic disorder characterized by severe anemia, requiring regular blood transfusions, which may lead to the accumulation of heavy metals such as lead (Pb) and nickel (Ni). Although previous research has highlighted the potential for increased heavy metal accumulation in β-TM patients, there is limited understanding of Pb and Ni levels in these individuals compared to healthy controls. This study aimed to assess and compare the concentrations of Pb and Ni in the blood serum of β-TM patients and healthy individuals residing in Baghdad Governorate, Iraq, using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). The study included 150 participants, with 100 β-TM patients and 50 healthy controls. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software, employing a One-way independent test to compare metal concentrations, ANOVA to assess differences in age and smoking habits, and Spearman correlation to evaluate the relationship between Pb and Ni levels. The results demonstrated significantly higher mean concentrations of Pb (81.19±8.05 ppb) and Ni (16.67±3.853 ppb) in the serum of β-TM patients compared to the control group (Pb: 27.35±3.941 ppb; Ni: 2.49±0.359 ppb) with p-values <0.05. Additionally, a significant positive correlation (r = 0.424, p<0.001) was observed between Pb and Ni levels in β-TM patients. These findings suggest that β-TM patients are at an elevated risk of heavy metal accumulation, potentially contributing to their clinical complications. This study underscores the importance of monitoring heavy metal levels in β-TM patients and may inform future therapeutic strategies to mitigate heavy metal toxicity in this vulnerable population
Synthesis, Characterization, Anticancer Activity Study of Novel Curcumin Analogues Against A549 Lung Cancer Cell Line
No full textA series of new curcumin analogues were synthesized using the ultrasonic irradiation method, which involved the condensation reaction of 3-ethyl-2,4-pentandione and substituted aromatic aldehydes in the presence of boric oxide, trimethylborate, and butylamine. The synthesized compounds were identified using electron impact mass spectrometry (EI), 1HNMR,13CNMR and FTIR spectroscopy, which confirmed the proposed structure of the synthesized compounds. The in vitro anticancer activity study of synthesized compounds against the A549 lung cancer cell line was examined employing the microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The results showed that compound 1 (IC50 10.8 µg/ml, SI of 17.56) has the most potent cytotoxic activity and high selectivity compared to curcumin (IC50 94.4 µg/ml, SI of 3.20). On the other hand, compound 7 (IC50 88.5 µg/ml, SI of 1.15) exhibits more anticancer activity against A549 lung cancer but has less selectivity than curcumin
Effect of Family Size upon Educational Performance among Nursing’s Undergraduate Students
No full textFamily is the frame in which the future adult child’s personality is formed and built. It is one of the most important socio-economic institutions in our society, but the nature of the links between family members varies dramatically across nationalities. Education refers to the purpose of improving the knowledge and skills affecting the personal unique normal and moral characters, which enhance human health activities. Academic performance in primary education plays a crucial role in obtaining further educational opportunities. The objective of the study is to assess the educational performance among undergraduate nursing students and find out the relationship between educational performance among undergraduate nursing student and their socio-demographic characteristics. A descriptive (cross-sectional) design study was carried out throughout the present study to identify the Effect of Family size on Education Performance among Nursing Undergraduate Students at the University of Kufa, during the period from 5th January 2024 to 22nd May 2024. A non-probability purposive sample of (832) students was selected from the First stage 176 samples, Second stage 202, Third stage 262, and Fourth stage 195 sample. Students between the ages of 21-24 (49.2 %), male students (54 %) and females (46 %), third-stage students (31.3 %), single students (81.6%), and unemployed students (53.7%). Family members (5-7) (52.3%), residency area (51.6%). Students who live with both parents recorded 87.4%, especially with literate fathers and mothers (34.9 % and 36.8% respectively). It was higher for students with sufficient income (50.6 %) and those who live in urban areas (82 %) and freehold houses (80.4%), finally it was much higher in no failing year students with a percentage of 71.5. Gender, age, job, father's level of education, monthly income, residency area, housing ownership, and failing years were statistically significant while other parameters regarding socio-demographic characteristics of students were not significant. Conducting more research on educational performance and family characteristics and via sessions and a brochure, parents must gain adequate information about student-related factors in accounting for academic achievement
Evaluating the Role of Interleukin IL-38 Level in Tonsillitis Patients and Relationship with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Diyala Province
No full textRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease linked to Streptococcus pyogenes infection, often initiated by tonsillitis or rheumatic fever. This study investigates the relationship between IL-38 levels and the presence of tonsillitis and RA. Conducted from October 2023 to May 2024 in Diyala Governorate, Iraq, 88 participants were categorized into four groups: RA patients, tonsillitis patients, patients with both conditions, and healthy controls. ELISA tests revealed significantly decreased IL-38 levels in RA (63.63 ± 14.45 Pg/ML), tonsillitis (46.97 ± 12.76 Pg/ML), and dual-condition patients (15.18 ± 5.64 Pg/ML) compared to controls (17.16 ± 10.66 Pg/ML). The study highlights IL-38's dual role in disease pathogenesis, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for RA and tonsillitis
Evaluation of Fat Levels in Obese Women with Diabetes in Kirkuk City
No full textThe goal of the current study is to estimate the concentrations of the levels of fats, as it includes the concentration of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high -density fatty protein, low -density fatty protein and very low -density lipoprotein in women with soft women and bodies with type 2 diabetes, the experiment has been conducted for the period since the beginning October 2023 until the end of March 2024. 90 samples were collected from women with diabetes with ages ranging from (20 years to 04 years) and these samples were collected from private laboratories and government hospitals. It was divided into four groups as follows: The first group: a group of healthy women, numbering: 15, the second group: women with diabetes, numbering 25, the third group: women with obesity, numbering 25, the fourth group: women with diabetes and obesity, numbering 25. The results of the current study showed a significant increase (P ≤ 0.01) in the concentration of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein in disease groups compared to control. And the presence of a significant decrease in the concentration of high-density lipoprotein in the pathological groups compared to the control group. We conclude from the current study to increase the concentration of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low -density lipoprotein, low -density lipoprotein, and a decrease in lipoprotein, very intense, in healthy women and bodies with type 2 sugar
Ovarian Dimensions of Domestic Female Donkey (Equus Asinus) During Iraq Summer
No full textThis study provides data on the ovarian dimensions of domestic female donkeys (Equus asinus) during the ovulatory season (May to July) in Iraq's hot summer. While previous research on equine ovarian dimensions exists, there is limited data specific to donkeys in extreme climates, revealing a knowledge gap. The research aimed to measure the length, width, and weight of the ovaries in seven adult donkeys undergoing left flank unilateral ovariectomy. Results indicated mean dimensions of 30.30 mm in length, 23.70 mm in width, and 12.48 g in weight. These values were lower than those reported in earlier studies, suggesting that high summer temperatures may affect ovarian size. This data contributes to understanding reproductive adaptations in donkeys under harsh environmental conditions
Study the Levels of Arrestin Beta2 in Patients with Glaucoma in Nassiriya Province, Iraq
No full textGlaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, is characterized by visual field anomalies and progressive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss. Primary open-angle glaucoma affects over 57.5 million people, with risk factors including age, myopia, hypertension, thin corneal thickness, and family history. This study aimed to evaluate serum arrestin beta2 levels in glaucoma patients and healthy controls. Serum arrestin beta2 was measured in 88 subjects, including 50 glaucoma patients and 38 healthy controls, aged 40-70. Exclusion criteria included retinal diseases, hypertension, and vascular conditions. Results showed a significant decrease in arrestin beta2 levels in glaucoma patients compared to controls (p < 0.01), with higher levels observed in older healthy adults (60-70 years). These findings suggest that arrestin beta2 could be a potential biomarker for glaucoma progression, with implications for early detection and targeted treatment