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Global Value Chain Resilience: Can ESG Practices Mitigate Geopolitical Risk? The Perspective from the Asian Semiconductor Industry
Full text linkThis study explores the integration of ESG principles and GVC resilience in the semiconductor manufacturing sector, focusing on TSMC, Samsung Electronics, and SMIC. It addresses the complex relationship between ESG, resilience, and geopolitics in today's rapidly changing world. The semiconductor industry's worldwide reach exposes it to geopolitical risks, particularly in Taiwan, China, and South Korea. This research underscores how growing global trade restrictions, regionalism, and technological competition affect these vulnerabilities. Balancing sustainability and resilience involves trade-offs, particularly in energy usage. Sustainable practices are essential for a resilient semiconductor value chain, aligning with government climate policies. The study highlights two possible actions to improve a firm’s geopolitical resilience: Enforcing the renewable energy transition and incorporating geopolitical risk management. Embracing renewable energy sources can enhance resilience against geopolitical risks, but it requires ongoing investments. TSMC, Samsung, and SMIC exhibit varying renewable energy usage. Asia's focus on energy transition investments is pivotal for achieving global net-zero goals. Leveraging green bonds and government grants can bolster compliance and energy security by 2050. Facilitating geopolitical risk management is vital but relatively new. Holistic resilience considers efficiency, culture, finance, and technology. Incorporating geopolitical risk into the company's overarching risk management strategy, coupled with the establishment of dedicated committees, can amplify overall effectiveness. A proactive approach to geopolitical risk analysis equips semiconductor firms with crucial tools to navigate a changing global landscape and maintain a competitive edge.
In conclusion, while the implementation of ESG alone does not guarantee resilience, it can be a foundational tool to strengthen resilience across various dimensions, including geopolitical factors
Kompetenzen von First Generation Professionals: Kompetenzorientierte Reflexion von Karrierewegen
Full text linkZusammenfassung
First Generation Professionals erleben Probleme und Schwierigkeiten beim Eintritt und der Karriere in Organisationen. Allerdings entwickeln sie auch Kompetenzen im Zusammenhang mit ihrer sozialen Herkunft. In einer empirischen Studie mit 27 Interviews werden Kompetenzen inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet. Anhand der Ergebnisse werden klassische defizitorientierte Maßnahmen kritisch reflektiert und kompetenzorientierte Ansätze diskutiert.
Praktische Relevanz
Soziale Herkunft wird im Diversity Management zunehmend thematisiert. Es werden sowohl Probleme beim Einstieg in den Beruf als auch auf dem Karriereweg festgestellt. Häufig zielen die Handlungsempfehlungen vor allem auf den Ausgleich von Defiziten. Allerdings werden dabei die Kompetenzen, die First Generation Professionals auf ihrem Bildungs- und Berufsweg auch aufgrund ihrer sozialen Herkunft entwickeln oft nicht gesehen und daher auch nicht in den Organisationen nutzbar gemacht. In dieser Studie werden berufsbezogene Kompetenzen analysiert und kompetenzorientierte Ansätze diskutiert, die in Organisationen umgesetzt werden können
Sächsisches Agrarstrukturgesetz - Rechtswissenschaftliche Stellungnahme zur Anhörung im Landwirtschaftsausschuss am 18. Januar 2024
Full text linkDas Dokument analysiert aus rechtswissenschaftlicher Sicht den Entwurf für ein Sächsisches Agrarstrukturgesesetz (2023
Techno-economic feasibility of biochar production in Europe - A business model for a circular bioeconomy in the province of Cádiz
No full textBiochar production is currently recognized by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change as a necessary negative emission technology to deploy large-scale carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Biochar's most prominent application is soil amendment for boosting sustainable agriculture practices where carbon can be long-term stored rather than being used as a fuel. The type of technology used and the plant size, as well as the possibility to sell by-products of biochar production and monetize externalities (for example, trading carbon credits), are also very important variables affecting the techno-economic feasibility of biochar businesses.
The literature on financial models for biochar production that demonstrate key financial parameters under consideration of current policy measures is scarce, especially for the European region. Despite remarkable European regulatory advances, the economic feasibility of biochar businesses still must be analyzed case by case, according to the technology selected, the size and site of the plant, the impact of current regulations, and the final application of the product. Use-cases that demonstrate feasibility are extremely important, as they can serve as models that can be extrapolated to other regions and thus build stakeholder trust.
The research of this work is framed in a use-case that geographically limited to the province of Cádiz in Andalusia (southern Spain). Overall, Andalusia is a European region significantly exposed to climate change risk and soil degradation with an industrial agriculture economy. Cádiz offers unexploited and diversified biomass resources from its forests and from agriculture activities like orchard biomass and vineyard pruning from the large-scale production of sherry wine in the area. Moreover, the region is experiencing unprecedented amounts of seaweed biomass waste from an invasive species, representing an environmental problem.
Finally, the techno-economic assessment of pyrolysis, gasification, and hydrothermal carbonization technologies is performed based on the discounted cash flow methodology. Different scenarios are modeled according to the plant size, type of biomass converted, type of obtained byproducts, and sell of CDR credits. Key financial parameters are computed for every scenario (break-even prices, net income, net present value, payback period, and internal rate of return,) and the risk of loss for the business and for investors is calculated by conducting Monte Carlo simulations on the net income and the net present value.
The results of this work contribute to fostering biochar business models for regional development and environmental management in Europe based on a circular bioeconomy approach targeting CDR deployment and soil restoration
Competition as a Driver of Employee Knowledge Hiding
Full text linkThis bachelor thesis investigates the relationship between competition and knowledge hiding in organizational environments. Furthermore, the research examines the impact of perceived workplace competition on employees’ tendencies to hide knowledge from their colleagues, and its effect on the subdimensions of knowledge hiding: playing dumb, evasive hiding and rationalized hiding. The aim of this research is to advance scientific understanding of how perceived competition drives employee’s knowledge hiding behavior for the purpose of identifying solutions for organizational practices improving collaboration. The theoretical foundation for this research is grounded in the work of Connelly et al. (2012) and Zhang et al. (2016), with the Conservation of Resources Theory serving as the foundational principle. Quantitative data were gathered through online surveys from 73 German-speaking employees working a minimum of 20 hours per week. A correlation analysis was performed to analyze the relationships between the variables. The results of this study revealed a significant positive correlation between competition and overall knowledge hiding, and a significant correlation with the subdimension evasive hiding. No significant correlation was found with playing dumb or rationalized hiding. These results indicate that competition influences knowledge hiding, though it does not affect all subdimensions equally. The findings of this research suggest that competition among employees can indeed lead to non- collaborative behaviors such as knowledge hiding within the workplace, which is known to pose a threat to the success of the organization. Therefore, this study emphasizes the need for further research to develop practical strategies for organizational implementation. Although these findings offer partial support for the relationship between competition and knowledge hiding, future research is necessary to elucidate the inconsistencies observed in the results. In terms of practical implications, the findings highlight the significance of developing measures for organizations to implement for counteracting detrimental effects of knowledge hiding caused by competition, thereby promoting a collaborative work environment that fosters knowledge sharing
Pharmaceutical retail supply chain responses to the COVID-19 pandemic
Full text linkIn the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of resilient supply chain and operations management in the pharmaceutical industry has intensified. A particular challenge has been the timely adaptation to rapid fluctuations in the business environment to cope with disruptions and ensure the adequate supply of medical equipment and pharmaceuticals. In this study, we perform a simulation-based analysis of pandemic-triggered impacts on pharmaceutical supply chains in Germany with the aim of examining supply chain response to the COVID-19 pandemic. To accomplish this, we build a digital supply chain model using a hybrid approach that combines case study analysis and discrete-event simulation implemented in anyLogistix. Based on the results, we propose a specific response action plan for the pharmaceutical industry that can be deployed in response to severe disruptions and pandemic-like crises. We also offer a resilience framework for the post-pandemic environment as a guideline for strategic decision-making
Attractiveness of the service industry in Italy and implications for the recruiting of young workers
No full textDigitalization and cross-border tax fraud: evidence from e-invoicing in Italy
Full text linkThe digitalization of transaction processes through tools such as electronic invoicing (e-invoicing) aims to improve tax compliance and reduce administrative costs. Another important aspect of digitalization is its potential to reduce tax fraud. We exploit the comprehensive introduction of e-invoicing in Italy in 2019 and examine the effect of increased domestic tax enforcement capabilities on cross-border value-added tax (VAT) fraud. As a proxy for this fraud, we make use of the discrepancy in trade data that are double-reported in both the importing and exporting country (trade data gap, TDG). We calculate the TDG for imports to Italy from all other EU countries at the most detailed product level. Our results suggest a significant decline in cross-border fraud in response to the introduction of mandatory e-invoicing, providing an important rationale for the application of this measure by other countries. Furthermore, we estimate that e-invoicing decreased the Italian VAT loss in 2019 by about € 2.2 billion to € 2.6 billion compared to 2018. In this context, we underpin the suitability of the TDG as an approach for the study of anti-fraud measures
Design of resilient and viable sourcing strategies in intertwined circular supply networks
Full text linkThis study examines the effects of intertwining and circularity on the design of resilient and viable sourcing and recovery strategies in supply chains. We first construct a case study where the supply chains of three industries (i.e., automotive, healthcare, and electronics) frame an intertwined supply network (ISN). Through a discrete-event simulation model developed in anyLogistix, we examine the impact of disruptions in supply and demand on the performance of individual supply chains and the ISN as a whole. We test the performance of several sourcing strategies and their combinations. A special focus is directed toward shared reverse flows. The results show that disruption impact and recovery processes in the Circular ISN do not always follow conventional patterns known from the resilience of individual supply chains due to intertwining and circularity effects. We offer some managerial recommendations for the design of resilient sourcing strategies in the ISN context that are triangulated around collaborative sourcing practices, coordinated production planning, shared reverse flows, and visibility in inventory management