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15/2024 Fünfte Änderungssatzung zur Prüfungsordnung für den Bachelorstudiengang Mechanical Engineering B.Sc. der Fakultät Technologie und Bionik an der Hochschule Rhein-Waal vom 02.08.2024
No full textSelection of Global Standardization Samples for Optical Emission Spectrometry from Practical and Materials Science Perspectives
No full textThe focus of this thesis is to address the task of alloy selection for Optical Emission Spectrometry (OES) applications. The main goal is to develop standardised samples for SPECTRO OES devices that can be utilised during routine analysis in automatic processes. The selection criteria include machinability, signal performance, and homogeneity. To achieve these goals, a set of practical tests were carried out. The initial research involves using the existing SPECTRO sample library to identify suitable alloys for standardised production in large batches. In the end, a database is suggested with existing alloys as possible candidates for future production. The chosen alloy must generate signals within specified wavelength ranges and exhibit machinability for post-analysis processing. The thesis introduces a unique approach to assessing machinability using chip analysis, emphasising the role of chip characteristics in understanding the material's suitability for machining. The study found that the E/3 sample, especially among samples with zirconium, demonstrated exceptional machinability. Moreover, the research delves into the importance of power consumption measurements during milling as an informative parameter for machining requirements. The study examines the chemical composition necessary to produce consistent and robust signals across the spectrum, with a particular focus on elements like zirconium, nickel, iron, copper, titanium, and manganese, but also phase diagrams to understand the homogeneity of aluminium alloying elements. Sample 518X905 is highlighted for its role in enhancing emission lines. In conclusion, the thesis proposes an alloy composition that blends aluminium with various alloying elements to meet specific research requirements. Copper, iron, zinc, silicon, nickel, zirconium, chromium, and vanadium provide flexibility for crafting tailored samples. Existing primary alloying elements, including those with copper, zinc, and silicon, can be considered. However, zirconium with a concentration of 0.6% to 1% is pivotal in the proposed alloy recipe
Matching im Gesundheitswesen: Eine Analyse relevanter Faktoren zur erfolgreichen Besetzung ärztlicher Positionen im Krankenhaus mit Handlungsempfehlungen
No full textHintergrund - Seit Jahren steigt in Deutschland der Bedarf an ärztlichem Personal. Krankenhäuser haben immer mehr offene Stellen, Ärzte ein zunehmend großes Jobangebot. Fraglich ist jedoch, wie Ärzte in dieser Fülle an Optionen die für sie ideale Stelle finden können. Ein Stellenportal soll die Brücke zwischen Stellensuche und Stellenbesetzung bilden.
Ziel - Das Ziel dieser Masterarbeit ist es, relevante Faktoren und gegenwärtige Herausforderungen im ärztlichen Bewerbungsprozess zu identifizieren. In Anlehnung daran soll entschieden werden, inwiefern ein digitales Stellenportal den bestehenden ärztlichen Stellenmarkt verbessern kann, und welche Alternativen bestehen, um die Effizienz und Qualität im ärztlichen Bewerbungsprozess zu verbessern.
Methodik - Um die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten, wurde eine qualitative Studie zu Bewerbungsprozessen im Krankenhaussektor durchgeführt. Im Rahmen dessen wurden Experteninterviews mit Ärzten sowie Personalverantwortlichen in Krankenhäusern geführt. Daneben wurde auch eine quantitative Befragung mit Ärzten durchgeführt, um die qualitativen Aussagen der Interviews mit quantitativen Daten zu untermauern.
Ergebnisse - Ärzte bewerben sich überwiegend initiativ oder nutzen ihr persönliches Netzwerk, um eine Neuanstellung zu finden. Dabei sind vor allem das Team und die Lage des Krankenhauses relevant. Krankenhäuser veröffentlichen Stellenausschreibungen überwiegend auf ihrer Webseite und im Deutschen Ärzteblatt. Digitale medizinische Stellenportale werden bislang weder von Ärzten noch von Krankenhäusern in hohem Maße genutzt. In nahezu allen Krankenhäusern sind derzeit ärztliche Stellen unbesetzt, die mit langen Nachbesetzungszeiten verbunden sind. Daher halten Krankenhäuser ihre Anforderungen an Bewerber möglichst gering und beschränken ihre Einstellungsvoraussetzungen häufig auf ausreichende Sprachkenntnisse und eine stellengerechte Qualifikation.
Schlussfolgerungen - Der demografische Wandel und der Fachkräftemangel erfordern ein Umdenken seitens der Krankenhäuser im ärztlichen Bewerbungsprozess. Die Entwicklung eines digitalen Stellenportals für ärztliches Personal kann den bestehenden Herausforderungen nur geringfügig entgegenwirken. Vielmehr bedarf es interner Veränderungen und politischer Anpassungen, um wirksame Prozessverbesserungen zu erreichen
03/2024 Zweite Änderungssatzung zur Ordnung über die Aufbewahrung, Aussonderung, Archivierung und Vernichtung von Dokumenten der Hochschule Rhein-Waal (Aufbewahrungsordnung) vom 01.03.2024
No full textPotential of Social media marketing for farm shops
No full textn the age of digital networking, social media has developed into a central tool that is reshaping the communication landscape. This bachelor thesis evaluates the growing importance of social media for farm stores, with the aim of examining the potential of social media for farm stores and identifying effective approaches. Key research
questions guide the investigation, addressing aspects such as target groups, design criteria, social media platforms, customer acquisition and distinctions from supermarkets. By employing a mixed-method approach, qualitative expert interviews and a quantitative online survey were conducted to gain insights into the specific criteria
for effective social media content and to analyze the characteristics of the Hoffreunde farm store's target audience. The results highlight the paramount role of target audience analysis in formulating a focused social media strategy. Thereby, essential design criteria
include the creation of authentic posts that elucidate product origins, fostering trust, a pivotal advantage over large supermarkets. In conclusion, social media has the potential to positively impact farm stores by enhancing visibility and fostering customer loyalty
Evaluation of the potential of a silphie supply chain for fiber production and CO2 binding in East-Westphalia Lip
No full textThe present thesis focuses on the potential of the alternative fiber plant Silphie (Silphium perfoliatum) in East Westphalia-Lippe. To assess its potential, three expert interviews were conducted in the beginning with the key stakeholders of a Silphie supply chain. These
stakeholders included the fiber producer OutNature, the seed distributor Donau-Silphie, and the CO2 certification company Positerra. Through these interviews, the necessary conditions for establishing a Silphie cultivation region for paper production were
determined. Subsequently, the attitudes of local farmers towards cultivation and further use of the plant were surveyed. Additionally, the potential for CO2 sequestration of Silphie was assessed and compared with the opinions of the farmers.
The results from the interviews and the survey were used to identify patterns using explorative data analysis and descriptive statistics methods, enabling the prioritization of potential farmers in the future. The evaluation of the methods revealed an interest in
cultivation and fiber production under certain conditions. The most important prerequisites include profitability, secured take-off agreements, and the suitability of using the plant as fodder. Consequently, farmers with a larger farm size who cultivate silage
maize for biogas production are most willing to grow Silphie. By geographically mapping potential Silphie areas, two preferred catchment areas were identified where the chance for a cultivation region is favorable due to existing infrastructure and farmer interest.
Furthermore, a comparison of the required environmental conditions with those present in OWL was conducted and mostly deemed accurate.
Based on these findings and the development of further utilization possibilities for Silphie, this thesis serves as a motivation for additional studies aimed at increasing the potential of Silphie in OWL
Sentiment Analysis in Nepali Tweets: Leveraging TransformerBased Pre-trained Models
No full textDespite the remarkable achievements of large transformer-based pre-trained models like BERT, GPT in several Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks including Sentiment Analysis (SA), challenges are still present for subdued source languages like Nepali. Nepali language is written in Devanagari script, has complex grammatical structure and diverse linguistic features. Due to the absence of balanced datasets, and computational resources for Nepali, achieving optimal result with the latest architecture remains challenging. For this reason, publicly available NLP modelsfor Nepali are very less, making research in this area difficult. This paper attempts to addressthis gap through the use of pre-trained transformer models specially tailored for Nepali from Hugging Face including BERT, DistilBERT, ALBERT, and DeBERTa for sentiment analysis in Nepali tweets on relatively balanced datasets. The models are trained on large Nepali datasets and optimized for NLP tasks involving Devanagari scripts. To evaluate the model’s performance, various tokenization strategies are investigated in order to capitalize on transformer-based embedding with the SoftMax function and confusion matrix. The outcomes of models are compared using the same datasets. The study’s results shows that DistilBERT achieved the highest accuracy rate of 88% in Nepali sentiment analysis tasks, followed by BERT and DeBERTa at 83% and 80%, respectively. However, ALBERT showed a low accuracy of 70%. The result of this approach shares valuable viewpoints for the field of sentiment analysis in diverse linguistic contexts
Schneller Nachweis der Methicillin-Resistenz bei Staphylokokken-Isolaten Vergleich verschiedener Methoden
No full textMethicillin Resistente Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) gehören zu gefürchteten Erregern eines bunten Bildes von Infektionen, die bis zu einer Sepsis reichen können.
Eines der größten Probleme von MRSA ist die hohe Pathogenität und die Entwicklung von zusätzlichen Resistenzen gegenüber weiteren Antibiotikaklassen. Die schnelle Identifizierung von MRSA und das Anlegen eines Antibiogramms ist daher entscheidend für eine frühe Therapie-Empfehlung und damit verbunden eine optimale Behandlung des Patienten. Aufgrund dessen wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit nach weiteren Möglichkeiten in der mikrobiologischen Diagnostik gesucht, um die Zeitspanne zwischen dem ersten Laborverdacht auf eine MRSA-Infektion und der spezifischen Antibiotikatherapie nach der Erregeridentifizierung zu reduzieren. Dazu wurden zwei verschiedene Methoden (MRSA-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) und Penicillin-Bindeprotein 2a (PBP2a)-Schnelltest), bezüglich ihrer Leistungsdaten mitdem Goldstandard zum Nachweis der Methicillin-Resistenz (VITEK-2 und Cefoxitin� Bestätigungstest) verglichen. Die klinischen Isolate für die experimentelle Durchführung stammen aus Blutkulturflaschen und Abstrichen von intraoperativen Wunden. Insgesamt wurden 74 Isolate retrospektiv getestet, darunter 26 (35%) MRSA� Isolate, 24 (32,5%) Methicillin-sensibler Staphylococcus aureus-Stämme und 24 (32,5%) Koagulase-negative Staphylokokken (KnS). In der MRSA-PCR kam es zu 15 (20%) fraglichen Ergebnissen, weshalb die Methode für eine zuverlässige Routinediagnostik nicht geeignet erschien. Nach Ausschluss der fraglichen Ergebnisse hatte die PCR einen positiven prädiktiven Wert (PPW) von lediglich 65,7%. Die Sensitivität lag bei 92,9%, die Spezifität bei 93,5% und der negative prädiktive Wert (NPW) bei 99,0%. Der Schnelltest besaß eine Spezifität und einen PPW von 100%, eine Sensitivität von 97,3% und einen NPW von 99,6%. Des Weiteren ergaben sich zusätzliche Vorteile bei der Verwendung des Schnelltestes durch die kürzere Laufzeit, den geringeren Kostenaufwand und die Einfachheit der Durchführung. Der ermittelte Zeitgewinn durch PCR oder Schnelltest betrug im Vergleich zum VITEK-2 zwischen 15 und 23,8 Stunden, was für die betroffenen Patienten von erheblichen klinischem Vorteil war. Zusammenfassend hatte der PBP2a-Schnelltest sowohl für S. aureus- als für KnS-Isolate bessere Leistungsdaten als die verwendete MRSA-PCR und wurde deshalb in die Routinediagnostik des Labors eingeführt.Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are among the feared pathogens of a colourful picture of infections that can range up to sepsis. One of the biggest problems of MRSA is its high pathogenicity and the development of additional resistance to other classes of antibiotics. The rapid identification of MRSA and the
creation of an antibiogram is therefore crucial for an early recommendation of therapy and therefore an optimal treatment of the patient. For this reason, the present work seeks further possibilities in microbiological diagnostics in order to reduce the time span between the first laboratory suspicion of MRSA infection and the specific antibiotic therapy after pathogen identification. For this purpose, two different methods (MRSA� polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) rapid test) were compared with the gold standard for the detection of methicillin resistance (VITEK-2 and cefoxitin confirmatory test). The clinical isolates oft he study were derived from blood culture bottles and swabs from intraoperative wounds. A total of 74 isolates were retrospectively tested including 26 (35%) MRSA, 24 (32.5%) methicillin� sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and 24 (32.5%) coagulase-negative staphylococci(CnS). In the MRSA-PCR 15 (20%) questionable results were obtained, which is why the method did not appear suitable for reliable routine diagnostics. After excluding the results in question, the PCR had a positive predictive value (PPV) of only 65.7%. The sensitivity was 92.9%, the specificity was 93.5% and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 99.0%. The rapid test showed a specificity and PPV of 100%, a sensitivity of 97.3% and a NPV of 99.6%. In addition, the use of the rapid test has yielded additional benefits in terms of shorter turnaround, lower costs and ease of implementation. The estimated time gain by PCR or rapid test was between 15 and 23.8 hours compared to VITEK-2, which was of significant clinical benefit to the affected patients. In summary, the PBP2a rapid test for both S. aureus and CnS isolates had better performance data than the MRSA-PCR used and was therefore introduced into routine laboratory diagnostics
Status quo of Livestock Guardian Dogs for the Protection of Livestock in Germany in the Context of the Wolf's Return
No full textThe resurgence of the Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus) in Germany brings multiple conflicts with it and divides people into three parties. One party welcomes the wolf back to Germany and sees its potential to increase the biodiversity in Germany’s ecosystems and forests, one party sees the harm in the wolf by killing livestock animals such as equines (Equus), sheep (Ovis aries) and cattle (Bovine) yet another party is torn in between. Many farmers and shepherds are trapped somewhere in between in these opposing views.
The return of the wolf has led to conflicts between livestock owners and the predators, necessitating effective and sustainable solutions to protect livestock. This thesis examines the status quo of LGDs as a non-lethal method for guarding livestock in the context of the wolf's return in Germany. It explores the historical use of LGDs, their reintroduction in modern German agricultural practices, and the factors influencing the success or failure.
Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature and interviews, the study investigates the socio-economic, ecological and policy-related dimensions of LGD use. Key areas of focus include the training and management of LGDs, their impact on reducing livestock loss, the attitudes and perceptions of livestock owners towards these guardian animals as well as the attitudes and perceptions of non – livestock owners.
Findings indicate that LGDs can significantly reduce wolf predation on livestock when properly implemented and supported by appropriate training and management practices. Nevertheless, challenges such as initial investment costs, maintenance, and integration with other livestock protection measures need to be addressed. The research highlights the importance of education and support for livestock owners, as well as the need for policies that facilitate the use of LGDs.
This concludes that LGDs can be a useful, non-lethal protection measure addition to livestock farms. However, it is found that a combination of protection measures is the most effective in protecting livestock from predators
Comparative Analysis of Waste Management Challenges and Strategies: A Case Study of Dhaka, Bangladesh, and Beijing.
No full textThe paper emphasizes the importance of effective waste management for sustainable development, highlighting the challenges faced by Dhaka, mainly due to inadequate infrastructure, poor public awareness, and insufficient governmental support. The rapid urbanization and population growth in Dhaka exacerbate these issues, leading to severe environmental and public health risks. The study compares the waste management systems of Dhaka and Beijing. A survey was conducted to understand the attitude and awareness of the residents of Dhaka, and secondary data was considered to provide an overview of the existing waste management policies and practices of both Dhaka and Beijing. The findings of the paper outline several recommendations for improving waste management in Dhaka. However, the study also identifies several challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, insufficient governmental support and so on. In summary, the research highlights the significance of efficient waste management systems in metropolitan regions, especially in developing nations, and promotes a comprehensive strategy to tackle the difficulties encountered by cities such as Dhaka