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The concept as an operant instrument within the interdisciplinarity of the architectural design process
No full textIn the introduction to their book "What is philosophy?" Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari deplore the inflationary and trivialised use of the term concept: "Finally, the most shameful moment came when computer science, marketing, design and advertising, all the disciplines of communication, seized hold of the word concept itself and said: 'This is our concern, we are the creative ones, we are the ideas men! We are the friends of the concept, we put in our computers.' " This doctoral thesis shares the concern of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, but still, it is a thesis in architecture and thus collocated within the field of the representatives of the "ideas men". It engages in architectural design theory, and refers in particular to the investigation of methodological approaches within the design process. Therefore, the thesis will not contribute to the philosophical dimension of the term, but intends to overcome its imprecise use within the architectural discourse, in compliance with Eugène Viollet-le-Duc's admonition relative to vague definitions: "Dans les arts, et dans l'architecture en particulier, les définitions vagues ont causé bien des erreurs, ont laissé germer bien des préjugés, enraciner bien des idées fausses. On met un mot en avant, chacun y attache un sens différent." The term concept in architecture is very often used as pure marketing collateral, it serves to sell an idea, a product, a design. Its functional applicability is reduced to a special manner of illustration, produced as one of the various design presentation documents at the end of the design process. In contrast, the original contribution of this thesis aims to give a precise, instrumental dimension to the term concept: the concept is the expression of a specific logic, capable to guide the decisional sequences of the process and thus to improve the quality of the designed projects. The motivation to define a specific instrumentality of the concept is closely connected to the issue of interdisciplinarity in the architects’ profession. The interdisciplinary character of the architectural field is widely accepted and discussed as such, but the thesis intends to give a more precise definition of the various kinds of competences involved by classifying them into either the internal or the external group. The traditional notion of interdisciplinarity, predominantly seen as collaboration between architects and technical experts, and, most notably, the historical, sometimes contentious, relationship between architects and engineers is described. Referring to recent developments, the transformation of the architect’s role within the professional sphere, marked by an increasing importance of diverse influences and linked to a growing risk of marginalisation, is illustrated. The thesis describes different ways to adapt to this specific kind of interdisciplinarity, which generally requires the architect’s ability to connect and to integrate various contents, different points of view and diverse scales. On the other hand, the big potential which is implicit in the interdisciplinary field is exposed: architects can inform their core competence, the design, by extracting contents of different disciplinary competences, pertaining or not pertaining to their own professional field. They have the possibility to cross fields of external competences in a selective way and by doing so they can build up a corpus of knowledge capable to generate and communicate guidelines and systematic methodologies for their design. At the end, the analysis of these two aspects allows the definition of a more specific professional profile of the architect as specialist of interdisciplinarity. The thesis is concerned with the theories around the design process. The design process is seen as open to inspection and critical evaluation, with major focus on the decisional sequences which characterise it. It concentrates on the process’ descriptiveness and the degree of self-conscious approaches applied within it. The importance of regulative, strategic mechanisms is illustrated by testimonies taken from a series of design researches and leads to the functional definition of the figure of the concept as representation of a coherent set of ideas, as generator of a project-specific system of rules and as communicator of decisional strategies. The concept's function is furthermore defined as communicative interface which generates and transmits the system of rules authoritative for all the disciplinary competences involved in the design process, a communicative interface which constitutes a basis of shared convictions capable to increase the efficiency of collaboration. Furthermore, the concept's capacity to explore and elaborate the contents of external disciplines is identified as a possible methodological approach to innovative design thinking. The approach to a specific functional definition of the concept is continued by the description of a series of instruments that are simultaneously generating and communicating it. It is outlined to which degree the concept itself is already the result of an ideational process, collocated within the initial phase of the design proceedings, serving as a guideline to them, but still continuously evolving and adapting in its progression. In addition, it is illustrated how all the diverse instruments of the concept are operational media through which the knowledge transition between different disciplines can occur. The considerations about the concept as operational instrument of design are elaborated with regard to a number of examples of didactical applications that are particularly involved in the development and teaching of specific design methods. These examples illustrate the interrelations between design theory and design education. They are derived from very different schools of architecture and diverse mindsets, but all of them transmit models of conceptual design thinking
Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel enthaltend Protease (aus Metabacillus indicus)
No full textDie Erfindung liegt auf dem Gebiet der Enzymtechnologie. Die Erfindung betrifft Proteasen aus Metabacillus indicus, die insbesondere im Hinblick auf den Einsatz in Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteln verwendet werden können, alle hinreichend ähnlichen Proteasen mit einer entsprechend ähnlichen Sequenz zu SEQ ID NO:1 und für sie codierende Nukleinsäuren. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner deren Herstellung sowie Verfahren zur Verwendung dieser Proteasen, deren Verwendung als solche sowie diese enthaltende Mittel, insbesondere Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel
olympic pictograms : Eine gestalterische & historische Auseinandersetzung mit den olympischen Piktogrammen
No full textDie Arbeit umfasst eine grundsätzliche Auseinandersetzung mit Piktogrammen, eine Aufarbeitung vergangener Bildzeichen und präsentiert einen neuen Ansatz für eine alternative Gestaltungsweise olympischer Piktogramme. Die Idee basiert dabei auf der Herausforderung, die Piktogramme, im Hinblick auf „Gender Equality“, ohne menschliche Darstellung umzusetzen. Dadurch soll eine Bildsprache gezeichnet werden, die alle Menschen anspricht. Insbesondere durch ihre Internationalität bieten die olympischen Spiele einen hervorragenden Schauplatz für solches Umdenken. Für die Gestaltung des Piktogrammvorschlages wurden eigene Merkmale für Piktogramme definiert. Nach einer tiefgreifenden Analyse konnte eine eigene Gestaltung eingeführt werden, welche die Vorteile und Probleme vorangegangener Piktogramme aufarbeitet und sich dem heutigen Zeitgeist anpasst
RYTM : Konzeption eines modularen, transportablen, elektrischen Schlagzeugs
No full textRYTM ist ein Konzept für ein modulares, leicht transportables, elektrisches Schlagzeug. Das stapelbare, dreiteilige Produkt, bestehend aus Sound Module, Pad und Base, ermöglicht es den Nutzer:innen, ein voll anpassbares Set/ System in einem Rucksack zu transportieren. RYTM lässt sich in andere hybride Systeme integrieren und bietet somit viel Freiraum zum Kombinieren und Experimentieren. Das Design spielt auf eine technische Produktsprache im Markenkontext "Teenage Engineering" ab
NMR spectroscopy as an alternative analytical method for biopolymers without chromophore: example of hyaluronic acid in dietary supplements
No full textTo respond to the increasing demand for hyaluronic acid (HA) in dietary supplements (DSs) and nutricosmetics marketed for the treatment of osteoarthritis or moistening, it is essential to have an accurate and reliable method for its analysis in the final products. The study aimed to develop and validate alternative method for the quality control of HA in DSs using low-field (LF) and high-field (HF) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy at 80 MHz and 600 MHz, respectively. Moreover, chondroitin sulphate (CH), another active ingredient in DSs, can be simultaneously quantified. The 1H-NMR methods have been successfully validated in terms of limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ), which were found to be 0.1 mg/mL and 0.2 mg/mL (80 MHz) as well as 0.2 mg/mL and 0.6 mg/mL (600 MHz). Recovery rates were estimated to be between 92 and 120% on both spectrometers; precision including sample preparation was found to be 4.2% and 8.0% for 600 MHz and 80 MHz, respectively. Quantitative results obtained by HF and LF NMR were comparable for 16 DSs with varying matrix. HF NMR experiments at 70 ℃ serve as a simple and efficient quality control tool for HA and CH in multicomponent DSs. Benchtop NMR measurements, upon preceding acid hydrolysis, offer a cost-effective and cryogen-free alternative for analyzing DSs in the absence of CH and paramagnetic matrix components
Prüfungsordnung für die Bachelorstudiengänge „Elektrotechnik mit Ausbildungsorientierung“ („ETAUS“) und „Elektrotechnik mit Ausbildungsorientierung und Praxis- oder Auslandssemester“ („ETAUS mit Praxis- oder Auslandssemester“), Studienbeginn ab Wintersemester 2024/25
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Prüfungsordnung für die Masterstudiengänge „Elektrotechnik“ und „Elektrotechnik (Teilzeit)“
No full textChapter 3 : Rules and regulations
No full textThis chapter covers the legal framework and technical regulations that must or should be observed for the strategic asset management (AM) of urban drainage systems over the entire life cycle (planning, construction, maintenance, and dismantling). A distinction is made between rules and regulations that deal with network management in general (strategic level) and rules and regulations that address the management of individual network components and/or certain activities (e.g., CCTV-inspection and condition assessment of reaches or stormwater basins). These activities are subsumed under ‘operative level’.
It should be noted that both the legal framework and the applicable technical regulations vary widely from region to region. In some cases, different regulations apply even in different provinces or federal states of a country. Against this background, only case studies can (such as regulations that apply to Germany, France, Colombia or Canada) and will be presented in this chapter.
It is thus made clear that AM in the sense of ISO 55000 to 55002 (AM) enables a structured approach to a multi-layered field of tasks. In this way, goals and conflicting goals can be identified and prioritized at various levels and, in conjunction with the continuous improvement process in accordance with ISO 9000 and 9001 (Quality Management Systems), efficient ways can be found to achieve these goals
"a place for culture"
No full textKultur hat großen Einfluss auf die Lebensqualität und die gesellschaftliche Dynamik in Städten und Dörfern. Kulturelles Angebot fördert Toleranz, Diskurs und stärkt gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalt. Während jedoch Städte reichlich mit kulturellem Angebot versorgt sind, wird der ländliche Raum oft vergessen. Mangelnde finanzielle Mittel, weite Wege gepaart mit schlechter Infrastruktur und wenig Kulturschaffenden verstärken diese Situation. "a place for culture" setzt an diesem Punkt als eine Art Pop-up Kulturzentrum für den ländlichen Raum an. Der Ort soll während der Sommer-Monate eine Begegnungsstätte für verschiedene kulturelle Formate schaffen. Durch die Verwendung nachhaltiger Materialien, Stampflehm und Holz, ist die Architektur zu 100 % recycelbar. Wenn der Sommer vorbei ist, wird die Architektur „abgetragen“ und im nächsten Jahr an einem anderen Ort aus demselben Material wieder aufgebaut