Publikationsserver der Westfälischen Hochschule
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Verantwortungsvoller Umgang mit KI: Wir brauchen ein gemeinsames (Spiel-)Verständnis
No full textKI-Lösungen und -Systemen wird im wirtschaftlichen sowie gesellschaftlichen Kontext zunehmend Bedeutung beigemessen. Doch aufgrund damit verbundener Implikationen darf die Diskussion hinsichtlich der Verantwortung beispielsweise mit Blick auf die Haftung für die Verursachung von Schäden nicht ausbleiben. Die Frage ist jedoch: Wer trägt die Verantwortung wofür? Insbesondere unter dem Aspekt, dass sich Verantwortung nicht umfassend reglementieren lässt. Zur Beantwortung und entsprechender Handlungsweise bedarf es hier eines gemeinsamen Spielverständnisses aller Beteiligten – denn nur so lässt sich gewährleisten, dass KI verantwortungsvoll eingesetzt werden kann, auch mit Blick auf die Zukunft. Im Beitrag wird hierfür ein Lösungsansatz vorgestellt
Solute excretion improves trehalose uptake and desiccation tolerance of Metarhizium brunneum blastospores
No full textIn this study, a novel approach was developed to increase the intracellular trehalose concentration in M. brunneum blastospores by uptake from the medium, improving their desiccation tolerance. Briefly, placing the blastospores in a hypotonic environment induced solute excretion, allowing significantly increased trehalose uptake during subsequent trehalose treatment. Conductivity changes and GC–MS analysis revealed that glycerol and lactate excretion is triggered in a hypotonic NaCl solution. After hypotonic + trehalose treatment, intracellular glycerol, lactate, and glucose levels increased, while other desiccation‑protective solutes remained unaffected. A fluorescence‑based single‑cell analysis of membrane stress and death during osmotic desiccation and rehydration showed that membrane stress and cell death were strongly amplified upon rehydration. Trehalose treatment reduced this amplification, while hypotonic + trehalose treatment minimised cell death and prevented a stress response during rehydration, though it increased membrane stress during desiccation. Newly formed germ tubes were identified as critical points of membrane failure during desiccation. Ultimately, the drying survival of blastospores was significantly improved by the hypotonic + trehalose treatment compared to untreated or trehalose‑only‑treated blastospores. In summary, this technique successfully enhanced blastospore desiccation tolerance and could be adapted to load cells with other solutes
Privacy from 5 PM to 6 AM: Tracking and Transparency Mechanisms in the HbbTV Ecosystem
No full textHybrid broadcast broadband television (HbbTV) is an evolving technology that connects linear TV with modern HTML5 applications, delivering extras like games, videos, and online shopping. However, its bidirectional transmission functionality raises privacy concerns, as it introduces new tracking methods for TV channels. While previous studies focused on security issues or user awareness of HbbTV privacy challenges, a detailed examination of the tracking and transparency mechanisms of the HbbTV ecosystem is still missing. This study fills this gap by extensively analyzing these features within the European HbbTV ecosystem, and in particular within German-language TV channels. We monitored more than 350 TV channels for over 400 hours, evaluating 1) prevalent HbbTV tracking methods, 2) consent notice prevalence and user interactions, and 3) privacy policy disclosures. Our findings indicate that the HbbTV tracking system operates independently of the Web, consent notices exploit system constraints to influence users, and privacy policies often do not align with actual data practices
EuGH: Fremdbesitzverbot für Rechtsanwaltsgesellschaften ist unionsrechtskonform : Urteil vom 19.12.2024 – C-295/23 (BayAGH) ; [Anmerkungen]
No full textBordkarte als „anderer Beleg“ im Sinne von Art. 2 lit. g) der FluggastrechteVO : EuGH, Urteil vom 6.3.2025 – C-20/24 (Rayongericht Warschau)
No full textSteuerschulden als Grund für die Versagung oder Entziehung verwaltungsrechtlicher Erlaubnisse
No full textShaalke: Development of a MATLAB Software Tool for Advanced Statistical Outdoor Data Evaluation
No full textThis paper introduces Shaalke, a novel analytical software tool developed for the high-accuracy evaluation of long-term photovoltaic module measurement data. Addressing the critical need for robust parameter extraction from field data, Shaalke integrates advanced filtering, linear regression, and algorithmic processing to overcome limitations of traditional evaluation methods. We demonstrate Shaalke's capability to accurately determine STC parameters and both static and dynamic temperature coefficients, showing excellent agreement with manufacturer specifications and independent laboratory measurements. A key finding is Shaalke's precise mapping of the irradiance dependence of module efficiency, filling a significant gap left by typical datasheet values which often only provide data at 1000 and 200 W/m². Furthermore, the tool enables reliable power degradation analysis, identifying modules that exceed manufacturer-tolerated limits. Shaalke provides a comprehensive, data-driven platform for understanding real-world module performance, offering invaluable insights for system design, operation, and quality assurance, thereby bridging the gap between laboratory specifications and field performance
KI-Tools im bionischen Innovationsprozess Analyse und Entwicklung eines kombinierten Ansatz
No full textDiese Bachelorarbeit erforscht die Einbindung öffentlich zugänglicher künstlicher Intelligenz (KI)-Tools in den Prozess bionischer Innovationen mit dem Ziel, einen sowohl effektiveren als auch einfallsreicheren Ansatz zur Implementierung biologischer Prinzipien in technische Lösungen zu schaffen. Vier Large Language Models – GPT-4.o, Gemini 2.0, Llama 3.3 und Claude 3.5 – werden anhand der Quality, Understandability, Expertise, Safety, and Trust (QUEST)-Methode (basierend auf der Bionikspirale gemäß VDI 6220 Blatt 2) bewertet, wobei Gemini 2.0 die beste Leistung erbringt. In einem prototypischen Versuch wird Gemini 2.0 in Kombination mit NotebookLM und Elicit genutzt, um die Filtrationsmechanismen aquatischer Organismen zu untersuchen. Die Resultate offenbaren, dass KI-Werkzeuge die Effizienz der Literaturrecherche und -analyse steigern und systematisieren. Außerdem werden neuartige Entwürfe für bionische Filtersysteme vorgeschlagen. Die Arbeit hebt die Möglichkeiten von KI-Instrumenten in der Bionik hervor, betont jedoch die zwingende Notwendigkeit menschlichen Fachwissens zur Interpretation, Validierung und Ableitung technischer Konzepte. Grenzen werden durch die eingeschränkte Fähigkeit der KI zur Schaffung biologischer Analogien und das Fehlen standardisierter Schnittstellen bestimmt
Ultrasonically Deposited Boron-Doped Silicon Decorated with Laser-Generated Iridium Nanoparticles as Manufacturing Approach for OER Electrodes in PEM Water Electrolysis
No full textThe study introduces flexible and scalable manufacturing approach for electrodes utilizing boron-doped silicon as conductive support for iridium nanoparticles, addressing the challenges of cost and scarcity associated with noble catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Colloidal Ir nanoparticles are synthesized via pulsed-laser ablation (≈4–7 nm) and decorated on B-doped Si (≈100 nm) through electrostatic adsorption. Titanium substrates are ultrasonically sprayed with Si:B – Ir and Ir nanoparticles with very low iridium loading of 12 wt.%. Crystalline Ir phases (Ir(111), Ir(200)) are observed and known to enhance the OER mechanism. Additionally, atom probe tomography confirms that the Si support particles contained 0.03-0.5 at.% of boron throughout the entire particle, while electrical permittivity and through-plane measurements reveal a positive impact of B-doped Si on the electrical conductivity of the nanocatalysts and of the ultralow-loaded catalyst coated Ti substrates (0.12 mgIr cm−2), respectively. Rotating disk electrode results show pronounced oxidation peaks for decorated Ir nanoparticles. The Si:B-Ir 4 nm catalyst exhibits the highest turnover frequency (2.62 s−1) and a competitive electrochemical surface area (25 m2 gIr−1) compared to Si:B-Ir 7 nm (0.96 s−1; 37.5 m2 gIr−1) and Ir black (0.24 s−1; 5 m2 gIr−1). The overall analysis of the parameters highlights a performant catalytic efficiency, through balancing activity and reaction kinetics effectively
