The ESRF Research Journal for Undergraduate Medical Students
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A descriptive study of mortality patterns amongst adult patients admitted to a tertiary care and teaching hospital
Full text linkIntroductionData on mortality among hospitalised patients mostly reflect the aetiologies and distributions of severe illnesses as well ascommunity-level patterns of care-seeking. These hospital-based death records include details about the distribution ofdiseases and deaths by age and sex, among other things, that are extremely or critically important for organising healthcareservices. The present study was undertaken to classify deaths and describe the causes of death based on the age and sexof the patientsat the NRSMCH according to the International Classification of diseases (ICD-10).Materials and methodsThe present descriptive retrospective hospital-based study using records, was conducted at the Medical Records Department of NRSMCH between 1st January 2022 to 2nd March 2022, a total of 60 days. A complete enumeration of records of all849 deaths that occurred in NRSMCH during the study period was done. All data were recorded in predesigned pre-testedschedule, entered intoMicrosoft Excel (Microsoft Corp. USA) and analysed using SPSS, Version 20.ResultsThe mean age of patients in the study population was 54.9 (16.5) years with 36.2% females and 63.8% males.The commonest cause of death overall are diseases of the circulatory system (I00-I99) (39.8%) followed by injury and poisoning (S00-T98) (13.9%). Gender based analysis of deaths shows a higher proportion of deaths from diseases of the circulatory system(I00-I99) in both females (37.5%) and males (41.1%). The second most recorded cause of mortality was injury, poisoning(S00-T98) 13.9% overall and in both females (13%) and males (17.2%).Age group wise break-up of deaths show that thecommonest recorded cause of death in the 18- 40-year age group was injury, poisoning (S00-T98), followed by Certaininfectious parasitic diseases (A00 – B99) (18.1%). The commonest cause of death in the 41- 60-year age group wasDiseases of circulatory system (I00 – I99) (39.8%), followed by Injury, poisoning (S00 – T98) (11.7%). The commonestcause of death in the 61–80-year age group was Diseases of circulatory system (I00 – I99) (50.3%) while the second mostcommon was Injury, poisoning (S00 – T98) (9.9%). In patients over the age of 80 years the commonest cause of death isDiseases of circulatory system (I00 – I99) (56.4%) followed by Diseases of respiratory system (J00 –J99) (15.4%).ConclusionIn the present study, most common cause of overall mortality were diseases of the circulatory system (I00-I99) of which thecommonest was Nontraumatic intracerebral haemorrhage, Unspecified, I61.9. The single most common cause of death inthe study population was “Nontraumatic intracerebral haemorrhage, Unspecified”.No major differences were observed inthe proportion of males and females in terms of the causes of death. Age group wise break-up of deaths show that thecommonest recorded cause of death in the 18- 40 age group were “Injury, poisoning” (S00-T98), while the commonestcause of death in the 41-60, 61-80 and e” 81-year age group were “Diseases of circulatory system” (I00 – I99).
Perception about insulin therapy among diabetic patients attending outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in Darjeeling, West Bengal
Full text linkBackground: Initiation of insulin therapy in diabetic patients is commonly met with resistance. The study was carried out to explore the willingness and perception of insulin therapy among diabetic individuals. Materials & methods: It was a hospital based, descriptive study, conducted among 273 insulin naïve diabetic patients who attended the outpatient department of medicine in a tertiary care hospital of Darjeeling. Individuals who have previously used insulin were excluded. Pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: This study shows a high level of insulin therapy refusal (67.77%) in the study population. Majority of the participants expressed the refusal because of fear of injection, worsening of diabetes, complications, side effects, problems in lifestyle adaptations, difficult to fulfil responsibilities at work, discouragement from the others etc. Conclusion: The high proportion of insulin refusal could be averted by increasing awareness and sensitizing patient about insulin therapy
A qualitative study on diversity of psychological stress between the suburban & metropolitan field level health workers.
Full text linkIntroduction: Urban front-level surveillance workers (HCWs) visited door-to-door to find out whether any residents had any symptoms of Covid 19 in both slums and non-slums of West Bengal. This study aims to discover what type of problems HCWs face; their perception about why people are not responding or hiding their symptoms; what type of stigma they face & what type of response they get from their family members & neighbours.
Materials and methods: Three Focus Group Discussions (FGD) were conducted with 8 participants each, the sample size being 24. They were asked about their perception of different aspects per one FGD guide. The discussion was on local languages (Bengali and Hindi) which were audio recorded transcribed and translated into English. Data saturation was reached after 3 interviews.
Result: From inductive analysis, themes like ‘job responsibility’, ‘difficulty faced’ and ‘stigmatisation of community’, ‘response about symptoms’, and ‘stigma to HCW from neighbour & Family Member’. In theme 1, making the community aware of the Government\u27s health system was uttered mostly. Health workers thought that most of the beneficiaries were hiding symptoms mainly due to the stigma faced by the neighbours. Human-to-human transmission probability is the reason behind stigma. Hostility faced in the community due to many grievances towards the authority was the main difficulty of HCWs.
Conclusion: Stigma regarding disease and grievances towards authority were the main causes of hostility faced by the health workers.
Spontaneous preputial cavity abscess : a rare case report
Full text linkSpontaneous preputial cavityabscess is a rare presentation. Pus collects between the penile shaft and overlying skinwithout involving the penile muscles or urethra.The condition is acknowledged to be rare, so the importance of recognitionand appropriate treatment is important. This is especially true for penile pathology where patients are often reluctant todisclose relevant signs and symptoms.We present a case of spontaneous preputial cavity abscess that was diagnosed andtreated at our institution
Perception of COVID-19 among pregnant women attending ante-natal clinic of a tertiary care hospital, West Bengal
Full text linkIntroduction: Pregnant women are at increased risk of serious illness and complications if infected with COVID-19 than thegeneral population.Thus, the present study was aimed to assess their perceptions regarding COVID-19 attending antenatal clinic of a tertiary care hospital.
Materials and methods:A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in the ANC clinic of a tertiary care hospital. 246 pregnant womenwho visited clinic on the days of data collection, were included for the study. Semi-structured questionnaire was used fordata collection.
Results:Among the 243 participants, majority (55.1%) had 25-36 gestational weeks of pregnancy and 23.9% had history of previousabortion. 53.9% told they took second booster dose while 21.8% didn’t receive any doses of COVID-19 vaccine.88.5%responded yes regarding communicability of COVID-19 from person to person. 75.7% responded no when they were askedabout anyone suffered from COVID-19 including them as well. More than half of the participants said they don’t knowwhether COVID-19can be transmitted from mother to child. 44.4% Don’t know whether COVID positive mother can breastfeedher child.
Conclusion:Some knowledge and good preventive practice like vaccination for COVID-19 were present among pregnant women but theeffect of COVID-19 in pregnancy is still not clear to them. Pregnant females should be educated regarding COVID-19 inpregnanc
An unusual pathogen in a case of community acquired pneumonia
Full text linkoai:ojs.esrfrjums.co.in:article/1Staphylococcus epidermidis, so far thought of primarily as a harmless commensal bacteria on human skin, is now recognizedas a significant opportunistic pathogen. It generally causes nosocomial infections at a rate that is comparable to that of its relative, the more virulent Staphylococcus aureus. Even though S. epidermidis infections seldom result in life-threatening illnesses, the frequency and difficulty of treating them place a significant strain on the public health system. Our casedescribes the case of a healthy adolescent with no known risk factors who developed S.epidermidis pneumonia and was subsequently managed with antibiotics to full recovery
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