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Moments.
Get PDFBookMoments, the title of this book, is the difference you make at any point in your life either as a child, youth, adolescent, and adult (young, middle or old age). That defining imprint on your experiences in life, and the lessons they teach you, with which you grow in life. They involve the positive and negative their impact, and how they define you as you move on in life. Moments can be short, moderate, or long term.Take those steps, make those imprints - rightly or wrongly.
Collectively, these moments go a long way to define who you are, as a person, whether your role is that of a mother who stays at home to care for her family; a player in the corporate world; a politician; a wellknown entertainer or whatever you do. It is always about the moment(s) and how it affects you and the way you make a difference, wherever you are, because you are important and your actions or inactions always count
Assessing the impact of the response to gender-based violence (GBV) interventions in Gwembe district.
Get PDFThesis of Master of Science of Public HealthBackground: Records at the Victim Support Unit (VSU) of the Zambia Police Service show that reported GBV cases annually from 2012 indicate an upward increase from 12,924 cases in 2012 to 18,080 in 2015, and 22,073 cases in 2018, to 25,121 cases in 2019, while in 2020 cases shot to
26,370 before showing a slight drop to 20,540 in 2021. (www.zambiapolice.gov.zm). Main objective: To assess the effectiveness of the response to Gender based violence interventions against women and girls in Gwembe district. Method: A quantitative cross sectional survey that was “Assessing the impact of the response to Gender Based Violence (GBV) intervention in Gwembe District-Zambia’’ The study was a descriptive cross-sectional in nature where a multistage random sampling procedure was used to select 8 wards and 16 villages. A systematic sampling was used to determine household interval in each village. A total of 102 respondents had either experienced or survived GBV in Gwembe district plus 17 key informants (implementers/stakeholders) comprised the sample under study. The study used semi-structured questionnaires to collect primary data. The study report is presented using descriptive statistics namely, frequencies and percentages. The findings were as follows: women realization of corporal punishment as being abuse stood at 89.9%, while whether GBV cases had declined in Gwembe district declined was 76.5%. However, reporting of cases of abuse to VSU stood at only 9.8%. With regard to impact of the response interventions against GBV in Gwembe district, efforts to bring the perpetrators to book by VSU was (10) 100% of 10 survivors, however the (92) 90.2% of 102 survivors did not report their abuse to VSU but handled the abuse domestically, usually by survivors’ relatives who charged the perpetrator with an animal e.g cow or some goats. The study found a significant relationship between distance and reporting of abuse to VSU as the majority of
women (72) 70.6% of 102 women who survived GBV lived within 5km radius, while survivors that lived beyond 15 km accounted for (22) 21.6 %, thus distance was a hindrance to reporting of cases. The study recommends that Government and cooperating: i. Establish a GBV response centre within Gwembe valley.
ii. To consider establishing a GBV one stop centre in Gwembe
Factors associated with low utilization of female condoms as a birth control method among women of reproductive age (15 – 49 years) in Nabbanda, Chirundu district, Zambia.
Get PDFThesis of the Masters in Public Health.The study intends to establish factors associated with low utilization of female condoms as a birth control method among women of reproductive age (15 – 49 years) in Nabbanda, Chirundu district, Zambia.” and what can be done to resolve this. A case study will be used which will involve
application of qualitative methods. A sample of 159 participants will be drawn from the population. The sample size for this study will consist of female respondents of child bearing age in the range of 15 – 49 years. All women aged 15-49 who attend clinic at Nabbanda are all invited
to participate in the study and it’s the choice of the participant whether to participate or not therefore participation in this study is entirely voluntary.
The study found that the knowledge levels of the Nabbanda residents on the female condom was average due to inadequate information on the female condom and its use as well as lack of proper female condom promotion. While the attitudes towards its use were not favorable mainly due to
unavailability, preference of male condom use, power relations between men and women in a relationship, insertion of the female condom being a hassle and it looking weird. Additionally under service delivery there is inability to open up to health care workers. While due to myths and misconception there is a belief that using a condom reduces intimacy with their partner and belief that condoms make men weak. It is therefore recommended that government and all interested stakeholders should increase efforts at female condom education, promotion, availability and access. It is vital that these are done in order to increase the possibility of high utilization of these condoms and if people are very knowledgeable about female condoms this can lead to improvement in service delivery by making them free to ask for one and also enables them to clear any myth or misconception associated with these condoms hence more people being able to use them
Experiences and coping strategies of school going breastfeeding adolescents from Katimamulilo and Sesheke secondary schools in Sesheke district, Western province of Zambia.
Get PDFThesis of Masters of Science in Midwifery and Women’s Health.The estimated rate of teen motherhood in the sub-Saharan region is 40 per cent. In Zambia, 28% of girls and young women aged 15 to 19 years are mothers or have been pregnant before, constituting more than 275,000 teenagers. In 2014, it was estimated that there were 15,000 pregnancies among enrolled girls per year. The re-entry policy was introduced in Zambia in 1997 to give a chance to pregnant girls to continue their education. However, the re-entry policy is insufficient and may not protect adolescent school-going mothers from the challenges of mothering while schooling. The challenges may be due to little or no support from school and family. Financial constraints, discrimination, and stigma may also affect their adaptation and coping strategies, ultimately leading to stress. The study aimed to explore the experiences and coping strategies of School Going Breastfeeding Adolescents from Katima-Mulilo and Sesheke Secondary Schools of Western Province in Zambia. The study used descriptive phenomenology to explore the lived experiences of adolescent breastfeeding school girls and was conducted at Katima-Mulilo and Sesheke Secondary Schools. The study population comprised girls from Sesheke and Katima-Mulilo secondary schools who had re-entered after maternity leave. A purposive sampling technique without maximum variation was used in the study. A total of 16 participants (14 school girls who were breastfeeding and had re-entered school and two teachers) were included in the study. A semi-structured questionnaire guide was used to collect data relevant to the study’s objective. Data was collected using in-depth tape-recorded interviews. The first step in analysing the data collected was to transcribe it from audio to written text, after which it was coded using Microsoft Word mixed with Nvivo version 11. The coded data were then grouped into themes, then compared and grouped under each objective under study. Finally, a spider diagram was used to show how it was
navigated from themes to sub-themes under each thematic area. The findings were that the main challenges the girls experienced were how to take care of the baby while at school, poor academic performance, missing classes, no support from school authorities, financial matters, and stigma and discrimination. The coping strategies used included time management, keeping busy and ignoring. Therefore, the recommendation focused on the Ministry of Education to develop a formal orientation package for re-entered girls and provide space for breastfeeding girls to interface with their babies. Further, school authorities and parents must work together with other government departments and Non-Governmental Organisations to offer financial counselling and support to the girls. The school authority and teachers should also prepare the environment, especially the peers, to receive the re-entered breastfeeding girls to avoid stigmatisation and discrimination. As for the school-going breastfeeding adolescents, they need to adopt a positive outlook on life during their time at school through engagement in keeping busy with lessons and studying. Further, they need to welcome, appreciate and fully utilize support given by the family, school and Non-Governmental Organisations to keep the stress at ba
Socio economic impact of mine closure on the livelihood of the local community: case study of Luanshya.
Get PDFThesis of Master of Science in Sustainable Mineral Resource Development.The mining sector is one of the major employers of the Zambian labour force. When the mine closes, communities may experience harshness of life. Therefore, this study endeavoured to unearth the impact of mine closure on the communities of Luanshya district of Zambia. The study was qualitative in nature with the application of case study design. Semi-structured interview guide was used to collect data from 51 research participants. The respondents were distributed as 46 former mine employees and 5 key informants from Zambia Chamber of Mines. Data collected were analyzed using thematic approach. The study found that mine closure has negative implication to the livelihood of the people in the study area. It was revealed that mine closure causes the loss of employment, decline in the living standard of the people and increases in criminal activities. The study also revealed that there were no initiatives that were being undertaken by the mining companies in the targeted study area to prevent the above mentioned shocks that comes with mine closures. Further, the study revealed that transformation of a mining led economy requires capacity building programmes meant to equip the local people with various skills needed for survival during the period mines are not in operation. Therefore, the study concludes that mining closure impacts negatively the wellbeing of the people in the community as mines provides source of income for the majority households of Luanshya district. Thus, among others, the study recommends that the Chamber of Mines should run some projects after closure of mines as one way of empowering the local people. This is within its mandate as one of its goals and mission is to promote sustainable and responsible mining
Assessment of the above ground carbon stock in the disturbed part of Kanonge local forest of Kaputa district in Northern province, Zambia.
Get PDFThesis of the Degree of Master of Science in Environmental and Natural Resource Management.The sequestration and storage of additional atmospheric carbon from anthropogenic sources by forests contribute significantly to the mitigation of climate change. There are several factors that can alter the carbon store in forest ecosystems, some of which change over time, including climatic
factors, insect or disease outbreaks, as well as anthropogenic factors. Therefore, by planting, managing, and rehabilitating forests sustainably, forest carbon stocks can be preserved and enhanced. The use of a sequential explanatory design allowed the quantitative data to be collected and analysed first and the qualitative data to be collected and analysed later to explain the variable linkages. As a result, 15 sample plots were used in the forest, 266 households were sampled in villages adjacent to the forest, and 30 key informants were purposively sampled from the Forestry Department and Zambia Forestry and Forest corporations (ZAFFICO). The quantitative data was collected using forest inventories and household surveys, while the qualitative data was collected using key informants’ interviews. The allometric equations were used to analyse forest inventory data; logistic regression was used to analyse household survey data; and the key informant interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. The results show that the above-ground biomass and carbon stock were 347.22 t ha-1 and 195.81 t ha-1, respectively. The logistic regression results show that forest product use, farm size, household size, and forest clearing were the significant predictors of the aboveground carbon stock loss. The results further reveal that there is inadequate intersectoral coordination at the district and local levels. Further study should be done to find strategies to sustain carbon stocks in the forest while maintaining the use of the forest by the local communities. This study provides accurate estimates of forest and tree carbon stocks and supports the development of the district integrated plan in accordance with decentralized policy. This information can therefore be used at the district and national levels in various carbon programs like REDD+, offering the district the chance to participate in the fight against climate change and global warming
Exploring the causes and implications of financial mismanagement in selected secondary schools in Lusaka district.
Get PDFArticleManagement still remains a challenge in many schools because most school administrators lack proper training in financial management skills that enhance the effective use of finances in schools. The focus of the study was to explore on the causes and implications of financial mismanagement in selected secondary schools in Lusaka district. A narrative research design was employed for this study. The target population comprised of teachers, Head teachers, Provincial Education Officer, District Education Board Secretary and accountants in the selected secondary schools in Lusaka district. Purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample of 20 participants. Data was collected using interview guides. The study findings revealed that the causes of financial mismanagement in selected secondary schools in Lusaka district are lack of adequate training, lack of financial discipline, misapplication and misappropriation of funds, lack of adequate planning, lack of external and internal auditing, lack of transparency and lack of financials skills of Head teachers and accountants. The research also established that the implications of financial mismanagement in selected secondary schools include compromised quality of education, lack of adequate infrastructure and poor sanitation, lack of teaching and learning materials and failure to achieve set goals or planned activities. This study recommended that the Ministry of Education should train Head teachers in financial management so as to equip them with the needed knowledge to manage finances and should emphasize the use of financial management Act of 2018 as guide in the management of finances in secondary schools.
Keywords: Financial mismanagement, causes and implications, financial discipline, auditin
Economic implication of human wildlife conflict in Lupande game management area - Mambwe district, eastern province.
Get PDFThesis of Degree of Master of Science in Environmental and Natural Resource ManagementConflicts between humans and wildlife have occurred in the world since the dawn of humanity. These conflicts can cause damage or economic challenges due to both incidences of crop damage and the deaths of domestic animals, as well as human deaths and poaching. Therefore,
the aim of the study was to estimate the economic loss to small-scale farmers and the government. Four objectives were used for the study: to estimate the economic value of damage in agriculture; to estimate the economic value related to problematic animals controlled by the state; to estimate direct costs associated with human-wildlife conflict management response strategies; and to assess the effectiveness of response strategies on human-wildlife conflict in Lupande Game Management Area. The following specific research questions formed the basis of this study to inaugurate the economic consequence: what is the estimated household annual economic value of damage in agriculture caused by wildlife?, what is the estimated economic value of the problematic animals controlled?, what are the associated direct costs involved in responding to human-wildlife conflict management strategies?, and how can the measures taken in responding to human-wildlife conflict be improved? Relevant literature was discussed in this research with the aim of establishing the gap between this study and other previous related studies. The research was based on pragmatism, where both ontological and epistemological orientations were used. Convenient sampling was used with key informants by
administering a semi-structured interview guide. Purposive sampling was used in focus group discussions using the focus group discussion guide. The secondary raw data sets used were from the Department of National Parks and Wildlife. The analysis used descriptive statistics, using averages, percentages, and totals to analyze quantitative data, while qualitative data was analyzed using content and thematic analysis.
In the findings on damage in agriculture, it was established that economic loss was quite enormous, affecting farmers, with K180, 317.00 being the highest in the damage range of 25–50 percent. Regarding the estimation of economic value related to problematic animal control by killing, the government incurred revenue losses amounting to K 4,318,049.86. The findings show that more expenses on the direct costs associated with human-wildlife conflict management response strategies were incurred on the procurement of a vehicle, a Land Cruiser, in 2021 for easy transportation, which increased the fuel cost, as well as volunteers who were employed to aid in proficiency, which doubled the expense from the previous years, which stood at K771, 262.00 in 2019, K 558,228 in 2020, and K1, 225,655. On the other hand, it was established that other costs, such as erecting solar fences and chilli bombs, received less investment in direct costs in 2021, a situation that may have triggered an increase in human-wildlife conflict cases compared to the previous years of 2019 and 2020, when they received much attention. In order to effectively respond to human-wildlife conflict in the area, the findings showed that controlling conflict by killing problematic animals, using chilli bombs to scare away animals, and erecting solar fences in conflict hotspot areas was effective. Other measures established include enhanced education through sensitization, avoiding cultivation in animal corridors, improved construction of watch tower vantage points, and enhancement of the newly introduced smelly fences. In conclusion, it was established that the economic implications for small-scale farmers and revenue loss to the government through control by killing problematic animals were huge. Thus, there is a need for the government to enhance the construction of solar fences around field settlements and consider formulating a policy towards the revenue recovery from controlled animal trophies. For future research, it is recommended that a similar study be undertaken in all 36 game management areas in Zambia
Cultural tourism in Zambia: a case study of Umutomboko traditional ceremony, 1961-2017.
Get PDFMaster of Arts in HistoryThis study discusses cultural tourism in Zambia with Umutomboko traditional ceremony as a
case study. Utilising both primary and secondary sources of information as well as analysing
data qualitatively, the study examines the genesis of the concept of Umutomboko ceremony,
explores the development and transformations that the ceremony underwent between 1961
and 2017 and also assesses the socio-economic effects of the ceremony. In explaining the
transformation of the Umutomboko ceremony, the development of cultural tourism in Zambia
is discussed. The study also discusses the political influence which various governments have
had on the transformation of Umutomboko from 1961 to 2017. In its original concept, the
Umutomboko ceremony was, before 1961, a local affair of the Lunda Royal household. The
Umutomboko ceremony was only celebrated on special occasions such as when a prince or
princess was born, when making human sacrifice (before it was abolished) and when
installing a new king. The celebration of Umutomboko ceremony changed from being a local
affair in 1971 and became an affair of the nation under different influential political leaders.
The study demonstrates how each time Mwata Kazembe performed rituals and other
processions prior to the Umutomboko celebrations, during the event and up to the end of the
celebration. The study also shows that the event was transformed and became a tourist
attraction, a business avenue, a tool for rural development and employment. The event also
sold Zambia to the world and offered an advertisement opportunity for various companies.
The event did not hold without having an impact on the local and visiting people. The positive
social impact of Umutomboko were socialisation, learning, community engagement and
building and cultural exploration. Some negative social effects discussed are exposure to bad
vices, overcrowding, inadequate accommodation facilities and increase in the rate of crime.
What started as an ordinary cultural celebration of the Lunda speaking people of Mwata
Kazembe in the Luapula Province in 1961 later grew and was transformed from 1971 into a
tourist attraction of national and international significance with both positive and negative
effects
Information literacy instructional practices: survey of university libraries in Zambia.
Get PDFThesisInformation literacy (IL) instruction is the fundamental professional practice in university libraries,
and university librarians are primary providers of IL instructions, generally. Information literacy
is designed to teach library patrons how to quickly and effectively locate information that they
need from the library. Such patrons include students, researchers and other information users.
Therefore, university librarians have a role to play in imparting students with fundamentals of IL
skills such as developing a search strategy, critical thinking and familiarizing with search
techniques. Once library users are equipped with IL skills, they would be able to
identify knowledge sources available within the academic world, and even be ready
to use knowledge tools for retrieving relevant content. This study intended to investigate the
existing IL practices by professional librarians in university libraries in Zambia. A quantitative
method based on descriptive research design was used. Data was collected through a crosssectional survey method. The population of the study consisted of 62 (9 public and 53 private) HEI
recognised universities in Zambia. A sample of 60 head librarians was purposively selected as
participants for the study and covered through census survey. The questionnaire developed by
Julien et al., (2018) was adopted according to the need of the study. Descriptive and inferential
statistics were applied to analyse the data. The results of the study revealed that most university
libraries were using basic level IL instructional practices. The most preferred methods of IL
instructions were group library orientations and one-on-one computer practical. These practices
were mostly done at the beginning of the year of study. In addition, results indicated that the extent
to which IL methods were applied, were not informed by the new ACRL Framework for
Information Literacy for Higher Education. Results further indicated that professional librarians
had the same view concerning the opportunities for improvement of the IL instruction methods.
The study recommended that universities should integrate IL instructions at undergraduate and
post graduate levels as credit or no-credit courses to help students, researchers and other
information users become life long and independent learners.
Keywords: information literacy; IL instruction; IL practices; University libraries - Zambi