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What is the epidemiology and burden of foot fractures in the United Kingdom? Analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021.
No full textBackground: Foot fractures account for approximately 10 % of all fractures and 40 % of lower extremity fractures. They are associated with pain, mobility limitations, and prolonged recovery, contributing to considerable healthcare and societal costs. While the clinical and economic burden of foot fractures is recognised globally, data specific to the UK population are sparse, outdated, and often grouped under broader injury categories. Given rising demands on the UK's publicly funded NHS, an up-to-date, population-level understanding of foot fracture burden is essential for targeted prevention and planning.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study used publicly available model-based estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study. Incidence and Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) for foot fractures (excluding ankle) were analysed across the UK from 1990 to 2021. Age-standardised incidence rates (ASIR) and age-standardised YLD rates (ASYR) were examined. Poisson regression and Pearson correlation were used to explore associations between geography, age, and incidence. Leading causes of injury were also described.
Results: Between 1990 and 2021, the UK experienced an overall decline in ASIR for foot fractures, from 376.6 to 314.9 per 100,000. All four UK nations showed decreasing trends, with England demonstrating the steepest reduction (annual percentage change: -0.18 %). Regionally, London had the lowest incidence and highest rate of decline. Males had consistently higher incidence rates than females, with adolescent males (15-24) particularly affected. A strong negative correlation was observed between age and incidence (r = -0.850, p < .001), though incidence and YLDs in the elderly increased between 1990 and 2021. Falls were the leading cause of foot fractures, especially among older adults, and their incidence rose markedly over time.
Conclusion: Foot fractures remain a significant and evolving public health issue in the UK, particularly among young men and older women. The observed trends highlight successes in injury prevention but also reveal emerging needs-particularly in fall prevention and support for the ageing population. These findings support more targeted public health strategies and future economic evaluations of injury-related care in the NHS.This study was conducted as part of an MSc in Surgical Sciences at the University of Edinburgh. The lead author received an ASiT–ESO bursary to support MSc tuition fees. No other funding was received, and the authors declare no additional conflicts of interest relevant to this work
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) and risk to others (evidence summary)
No full textThis is an evidence summary produced by the Somerset NHS Foundation Trust Knowledge and Library Service Disclaimer: We will endeavour to use the best, most appropriate and most recent sources available to ensure that the information supplied is accurate, up-to-date and evidence-based. It is the responsibility of the requestor to determine the accuracy, validity and interpretation of the search results. No responsibility can be taken by the library for any action taken on the basis of this information. New evidence may have been published since the date this evidence summary was created
BUILDING HEALTHCARE DISCRETE-EVENT SIMULATION MODELS IN FREE AND OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE: AN INTRODUCTORY TUTORIAL
No full textThis tutorial aims to support modellers working in healthcare research or practice to build Discrete-Event Simulation models using the Free and Open Source Software SimPy and Python. We provide a step-by-step guide to building a stylised urgent care telephone call centre model. Open materials that accompany the tutorial, including models and exercises, are available online and can be run without installing Python. As the materials are introductory, we also provide a “next steps” section that describes simple, intermediate and advanced extensions to the work
Reablement and length of stay (evidence summary)
No full textThis is an evidence summary produced by the Somerset NHS Foundation Trust Knowledge and Library Service
Disclaimer: We will endeavour to use the best, most appropriate and most recent sources available to ensure that the information supplied is accurate, up-to-date and evidence-based. It is the responsibility of the requestor to determine the accuracy, validity and interpretation of the search results. No responsibility can be taken by the library for any action taken on the basis of this information. New evidence may have been published since the date this evidence summary was create
Management of persistent low grade cervical abnormalities or HPV in post-menopausal women (evidence summary)
No full textThis is an evidence summary produced by the Somerset NHS Foundation Trust Knowledge and Library Service
Disclaimer: We will endeavour to use the best, most appropriate and most recent sources available to ensure that the information supplied is accurate, up-to-date and evidence-based. It is the responsibility of the requestor to determine the accuracy, validity and interpretation of the search results. No responsibility can be taken by the library for any action taken on the basis of this information. New evidence may have been published since the date this evidence summary was created
Preventing and reducing harm from falls in nursing homes (evidence summary)
No full textThis is an evidence summary produced by the Somerset NHS Foundation Trust Knowledge and Library Service
Disclaimer: We will endeavour to use the best, most appropriate and most recent sources available to ensure that the information supplied is accurate, up-to-date and evidence-based. It is the responsibility of the requestor to determine the accuracy, validity and interpretation of the search results. No responsibility can be taken by the library for any action taken on the basis of this information. New evidence may have been published since the date this evidence summary was created
Feedback and learning from risk reporting (evidence summary)
No full textThis is an evidence summary produced by the Somerset NHS Foundation Trust Knowledge and Library Service
Disclaimer: We will endeavour to use the best, most appropriate and most recent sources available to ensure that the information supplied is accurate, up-to-date and evidence-based. It is the responsibility of the requestor to determine the accuracy, validity and interpretation of the search results. No responsibility can be taken by the library for any action taken on the basis of this information. New evidence may have been published since the date this evidence summary was created
Do MSK physiotherapy techniques such as manual therapy and exercises show significant improvement in joint pain for patients with hypermobility syndrome compared to general activity-based advice or no treatment? (evidence summary)
Full text linkThis is an evidence summary produced by the Somerset NHS Foundation Trust Knowledge and Library Service
Disclaimer: We will endeavour to use the best, most appropriate and most recent sources available to ensure that the information supplied is accurate, up-to-date and evidence-based. It is the responsibility of the requestor to determine the accuracy, validity and interpretation of the search results. No responsibility can be taken by the library for any action taken on the basis of this information. New evidence may have been published since the date this evidence summary was created
Parent satisfaction and support in CAMHS (evidence summary)
No full textThis is an evidence summary produced by the Somerset NHS Foundation Trust Knowledge and Library Service
Disclaimer: We will endeavour to use the best, most appropriate and most recent sources available to ensure that the information supplied is accurate, up-to-date and evidence-based. It is the responsibility of the requestor to determine the accuracy, validity and interpretation of the search results. No responsibility can be taken by the library for any action taken on the basis of this information. New evidence may have been published since the date this evidence summary was created
Clinical significance and diagnostic approach for paediatric unilateral tonsillar enlargement: insights from a retrospective analysis.
No full textOpen Access This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative mmons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction, and adaptation inany medium, provided the original work is properly attributedBackground: One of the debated indications for paediatric tonsillectomy is unilateral tonsillar enlargement (UTE). The majority of UTE is innocuous in nature; however, concerns exist around a diagnosis of lymphoma, typically found in the presence of other symptoms.
Methods: A retrospective case series analysis of all paediatric tonsillectomy specimens at Bristol Children's Hospital between January 2006 and January 2023 was undertaken.
Results: Four (1.3%) lymphoma diagnoses were identified from the 319 patients who underwent tonsillectomy for UTE. Three patients had localised disease and one patient had systemic infiltration of disease. All patients presented with other signs of malignancy including cervical lymphadenopathy (100%), alteration of appearance of tonsil including colour or visible lesion (75%), snoring (75%), dysphagia (50%), recurrent fever (25%) and weight loss (25%).
Conclusions: We recommend active monitoring of asymptomatic isolated UTE. Diagnostic tonsillectomy should be performed in patients with UTE and cervical lymphadenopathy and/or constitutional symptoms and/or altered tonsillar appearance