Asian Journal of Case Reports in Medicine and Health
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Monkeypox Outbreak, a Recurring Entity that May Threaten Human Existence in the 21st Century: A Systematic Review
No full textBackground: The resurgence and geographical spread of monkeypox is a public health concern. It is also an implication of weak response and mitigation strategies to disease outbreaks, especially in the endemic regions where there have been sporadic disease outbreaks since five decades ago. This paper aims to review the outbreaks of monkeypox with regards to cases, fatalities, and spread.
Methods: A literature search was conducted in Pubmed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and grey literature was also searched in google scholar. 43 literature (34 peer review articles and 9 grey literature) were included in the review.
Results: 10,970 suspected cases of human monkeypox have been reported across 26 countries since from 1970 to May 2022. One thousand eight hundred twenty-four (1824) cases were confirmed, while 146 deaths have been recorded. The highest outbreaks occurred in the Democratic Republic of Congo (D.R.C.) (14) and the Central African Republic (C.A.R.) (10). The highest mortalities were recorded from D.R.C. (127) and Nigeria (8).
Conclusion: the spread of monkeypox from one country to 26 countries over a period of about 5 decades is a threat to human existence if measures are not taken to contain the spread. This study recommends the need to strengthen and increase support for the Surveillance and Detection of monkeypox cases for appropriate management is recommended, especially in resource-limited endemic regions
A Case of Bilateral Deep Vein Thrombosis with Bilateral Pulmonary Embolism after Mild Covid Infection
No full textAim: Bilateral thromboembolic manifestations in mild COVID infection.
Case Presentation: 64-year-old male with no known comorbidities presented to OPD with pain and swelling of the right lower limb, and chest pain. He was found to have bilateral lower limb deep vein thrombosis in venous Doppler and bilateral pulmonary embolism in CT pulmonary angiogram. He improved with medical management.
Conclusion: COVID-19 infection is associated with thromboembolic complications. A high index of suspicion of thromboembolic manifestations secondary to COVID infection even in mild cases should be considered after ruling out other possibilities
Bilateral Thrombophilia Discovered in a Young Child Misdiagnosed Initially with Osteoarthritis
No full textIntroduction: The occurrence of venous thrombosis in children is rare, often idiopathic and rarely a known etiology can be found, with sometimes a delay diagnostic in most cases.
Method: We report a case illustrating the difficulties of diagnosing phlebitis and a fairly rare etiology in an 11-year-old boy: the diagnosis of venous thrombosis on thrombophilia was made 12 days after the onset of pain in both lower limbs after an initial diagnosis of osteoarthritis or acute synovitis of the hip.
Conclusion: The diagnosis of thrombo-phlebitis should be considered in the presence of any persistent unexplained pain in a limb in children. Early diagnosis and effective anticoagulation are essential for the prevention of post-phlebitic syndrome
Campylobacter fetus Bacteraemia Related to Venous Access Device: Case Report and Literature Review
No full textCampylobacter fetus is a gram negative, microaerophilic bacterium which can cause bacteraemia and invasive infection in humans. Its cause is considered to be close contact with animals and/or consumption of contaminated food of sheep or bovine origin and, therefore, the primary infection site is usually the intestine. Here we report an unusual case of an adult male with catheter-related bloodstream infection caused by C. fetus, and we review other published cases
Case Report: Hepatitis-associated Severe Aplastic Anemia of Unknown Etiology
No full textAplastic anemia (AA) is a life-threatening, autoimmune-mediated condition that targets bone marrow precursors leading to pancytopenia. Hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia (HAAA) is one of the rarest entities where the recovery of acute hepatitis is complicated by aplastic anemia. Hepatitis viruses (A-E, G), non-hepatitis viruses (cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, HIV, Parvovirus B19, and echoviruses,) and drugs/toxins have been recognized as etiological agents. We present a case of a 29-year-old Asian male presenting with progressive jaundice, diagnosed to have acute cholestatic hepatitis, subsequently leading to severe aplastic anemia without an identified inciting agent
Some Features of the Clinical Course of Parasagittal Meningiomas of the Brain
No full textBrain tumors account for 6-8% of all types of neoplasms. Of these, meningiomas occur in 27.9% of patients, of which 20% among men and 33.2% among women. According to various authors, brain tumors develop annually in 2-25 per 100,000 population. The connection between traumatic brain injury and the development of shell-vascular tumors has been proven. The dependence of the frequency of occurrence of brain tumors on age was revealed. So, up to the age of 7, brain tumors are more common than from 7 to 14 years, and from the age of 14, the frequency of tumors increases again, reaching a maximum by the age of 50, after which it decreases again. In the course of the study, we studied the clinical features of the course of parasagittal meningiomas
Comparing the Therapeutic Efficacy of Transdermal Patches of Ketoprofen with that of Fentanyl in Pain Control in Post-operative Patients Other than Spine Surgery: A Case Report
No full textBackground: After surgery, many patients will not get recovered from the symptoms as soon because the therapeutic efficacy of drug in patient may differ. The current case report objective is to compare therapeutic efficacy of two patches that are ketoprofen and fentanyl in post-operative patients.
Case Presentation: We present a case report on extent of pain relief comparison with visual analog scale scores (VAS score) by studying ketoprofen transdermal patch and fentanyl transdermal patch to the patients after the post-operative surgery other than spine surgery. The subjects are divided into two groups which includes male and female gender and the treatment was continued up to three days.
Conclusion: After complete study, we concluded that the subjects group received ketoprofen therapy was found with highest VAS score when compared to that of fentanyl therapy and the complete reduction of pain was observed in three days. The statistical analysis was appeared as highly significant
Unilateral Normotensive Angle Closure as a Presenting Feature of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease
No full textWe describe an atypical presentation of probable Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease with unilateral angle closure and normal intraocular pressure in a young male. On Ultrasonographic Biomicroscopy, there was anterior rotation of ciliary processes with supraciliary effusion. Fundus Fluorescein Angiography showed early phase hyperfluorescent spots followed by leakage and pooling, typical of VKHD. The angle closure responded to intravenous methyl prednisolone followed by tapered oral steroids. It is necessary for the ophthalmologist to be aware of this presentation so that there is no delay in initiating the required therapy and the patient does not have to undergo various unnecessary procedures like laser iridotomies
Cortical White-matter Lesions as Initial Radiologic Finding in Carbon Monoxide Intoxication: A Case Report
No full textAims: Present a case of carbon monoxide (CO)-intoxication with initial presence of cortical lesions instead of globus pallidus lesions, to create awareness of atypical or late MRI findings in patients with CO-intoxication.
Presentation of the Case: A 27 year old women with no medical history presents with a reduced level of consciousness due to CO-intoxication. After a lucid interval of two to three days, patient develops altered behavior, headache and loss of short term memory. This symptoms worsen and seven days after discharge she is readmitted to the hospital. MRI of the cerebrum shows cortical hypoxic lesions, but no abnormalities in the basal ganglia. There is only little clinical improvement in the following weeks. Repeated MRI on day 20 shows newly developed lesions in the globus pallidus, pathognomic for CO-intoxication.
Discussion and Conclusion: This case demonstrates how radiologic lesions can develop until weeks after the clinical presentation in patients with CO-intoxication, and that cortical lesions can develop in the absence of globus pallidus lesions. CO-induced cerebral lesions can be explained by several complex mechanisms, not only by hypoxia
The Impact of Point of Care Tests in Early Diagnosis of Ruptured Ectopic Pregnancy in Emergency Department – A Case Report
No full textPregnancy in which the fertilized egg gets implanted in a site other than the uterine cavity is called Ectopic Pregnancy, the most common site of implantation being the fallopian tube. Abdominal or pelvic pain in the first trimester with or without vaginal bleeding with a history of amenorrhea is the commonest presentation. A ruptured ectopic pregnancy is a feared complication that requires speedy diagnosis and management. Here we present a case of 35 years old female presenting with breathing difficulty, easy fatiguability, and giddiness with a history of two months of amenorrhea. On examination, the patient was hemodynamically unstable with a tense and rigid abdomen. Point-of-care urine pregnancy test and point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) had been essential in making the diagnosis of ruptured ectopic pregnancy in this patient. This case report reiterates the importance of Point-of-care tests such as UPT and POCUS in early diagnosis, resuscitation, and surgical intervention of Ruptured ectopic pregnancy, even in patients with atypical presentation