Asian Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry
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Estimation of Carbon Sequestration in a Forest: A case study of Bhawal National Park, Gazipur
No full textCarbon sequestration is a global strategy of reducing atmospheric carbon to tackle global warming and climate change. Since the industrial revolution, the atmospheric carbon has been concentrating, therefore, global warming is speeding up and ecosystems are destroyed which increases the threat for global environmental sustainability. To limit global warming to 1.50C, COPs recommendation to be implemented particularly stop and restore forest loss, and line up the financial sector with net zero by 2050. Also, the Kyoto protocol explore the opportunity of carbon trading for developing countries like Bangladesh which is also reinforced by the net zero strategy of IPCC. To assess the forest carbon sequestration potentials, Bangladesh needs to accurately measure its storage carbon using statistical validated methods. Compared to ideal situations considering size and population, forest land is inadequate in Bangladesh as a result, to get global benefit, the country should manage the carbon pool by assessing periodically and managing accordingly. This study follows the randomized block design for sampling and data collection from 9 plots of 100 m2 each. Each individual tree of a sample plot measured and recorded and a total 240 trees measured to get its GBH and individual height. Study area covers the core area of Bhawal National Park which is a planted forest dominated by Sal tree (shorea robusta). From the study it has been observed that 3.345-million-ton Carbon sequestrate (equivalent to 12.276-million-ton CO2) in the core area of Bhawal National Park which is 940 hectares. Very few older plants are found in the Bhawal national park, most of them were coppicing plants. This study report might be beneficial for the potential forest researchers to estimate sequestrate carbon and to achieve net zero of carbon emission also, h
elps to create a foundation of carbon trading, therefore, the country might be benefited
Dairy Cattle Mechanized Farming Equipment Applications and Future Development Trends
No full textWith the rapid development of China's dairy industry and the continuous increase in the number of dairy cows, mechanized dairy farming equipment has been widely used. Therefore, mechanized dairy farming equipment in China has entered a new stage of development. From the current development of the dairy farming industry, mechanized farming has made outstanding contributions to improving the output of a single cow, ensuring the production safety of milk products, and improving the level of feeding management technology. Therefore, the implementation of mechanized dairy farming is the key to the development of China's dairy industry, and the R & D of standardization, finalization, serialization, and the complete set is also its future development direction. Dairy equipment is the basis of large-scale dairy farming, this paper briefly analyzes the development of feeding equipment, milking equipment, feed processing equipment, manure collection equipment, etc., and outlines the advanced and applicable characteristics of some products. The research in this paper provides a reference for the improvement and application of related products, effectively promoting the mechanized development of China's cattle industry and meeting the increasing consumer demand of residents
Understanding Consumers’ Perceptions of Wood Quality Assessment in Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
No full textQuality assessment regarding purchase of wood and wood-based products is inevitable to protect consumers for incurring losses. The present research was focused to enable consumer to assess quality woods. Questionnaire containing qualitative and quantitative information were prepared and face-to-face interviews were conducted. Respondents were selected by using purposive sampling technique. Data was gathered from 120 respondents, operating in Multan city, Punjab, Pakistan, and analyzed using SPSS-21 software. The study was conducted using survey research which is accomplished in three steps namely (1) questionnaires were assembled; (2) respondents were selected using purposive sampling and kept sample size as 120; (3) interviews were conducted using a well-constructed questionnaire containing wealth of quantitative and quantitative information. Variables used for quality assessment were durability, resistance to splitting, elasticity, hardness, color and weight. Results revealed that regarding choice of species for furniture making, Dalbergia sissoo and Cedrus deodara were equally most preferred species while Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Mangifera indica were least preferred based on perceived quality assessment indicators. Wood design is perceived as more effective factor in choice of wooden furniture. Respondents’ self-reports identified wood breakage as main problem mostly occurred between 2-10 years of furniture use and furniture replacement followed by repair and polish are reported as possible solutions. Regarding safety and economic use, trucks were considered efficient in wood transportation especially in bulk quantity and for transportation to shorter distances, motor cart remained preferred for economic reasons. It was concluded to develop wood quality standards for raw wood and furniture for easy choice for quality woods and furniture
Agromorphological Characterization of a Rubber Tree-Teak Agroforestry System in Central Côte d’Ivoire
No full textAims: Faced with environmental issues, soil degradation and the scarcity of arable land, farmers are adopting several cropping practices, including agroforestry. It is in this context that a study entitled “Agromorphological characterization of a rubber tree-teak agroforestry system in central Côte d’Ivoire” was carried out in order to assess the effects of this crop combination on the agromorphological parameters of these crops.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Lomo Sud, a village in the city of Toumodi (central Côte d’Ivoire) from February to August 2022.
Methodology: Two experiments were carried out on two plots, a rubber tree one and a teak one. On the rubber tree plot, ten treatments were defined depending on their proximity to teak. On the teak plot, seven treatments were determined depending on their proximity to rubber trees. On each plot, the experimental design was in one tree plot design. The parameters taken into account in the study on rubber trees were stand, girth, rubber yield and rate of tapping panel dryness. For teak, the parameters assessed were stand, girth, straightness, cylindricity, branching, pruning and health condition.
Results: For rubber trees, the results showed that teak negatively influenced the number of rubber trees under tapping, growth and rubber yield, which were reduced by 125, 18 and 110%, respectively. For teak, the results showed that rubber trees positively influenced the growth, straightness, branching and pruning of teak.
Conclusion: The rubber tree-teak agroforestry system assessed in central Côte d'Ivoire is beneficial for teak but detrimental to rubber trees
Effect of Different Insecticides against Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. M. Smith) in Maize at Belaka Municipality, Udayapur, Nepal
No full textThis research was conducted to evaluate the five selected commercial formulation of insecticides against newly introduced Fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda in the farmer's field at Belaka Municipality of Udayapur district, Nepal. The experiment was laid out in Randomized completely blocked design (RCBD) from 23rd Feb 2021. The prepared field was divided into six treatments and four replications (Imidacloprid 70 % [email protected]/ltr water, Spinetoram 11.7% [email protected]/ltr water, Chlorantraniliprol 18.5% W/[email protected]/ltr water, Emamectin Benzoate 5% [email protected]/ltr, Azadirachtin 0.03% EC @5ml/ltr and control). Total three spray of the insecticides were done at the interval of 7 days after the initial damage symptoms starts to appear. The field experiment showed that all the insecticides were significantly effective in reducing the number of live larvae per plant after 3rd spray whereas fast and foremost reduction in live larvae was seen in the plot sprayed with spinetoram and chlorantraniliprole. There was 89% reduction of live larvae after 1st spray in the plot sprayed with spinetoram and chlorantraniliprole followed by emamectin benzoate, 66%. Similarly, no damage symptoms were seen in the plot sprayed with spinetoram and chlorantraniliprole after 3rd spray. The highest grain yield per plot was also gained from chlorantraniliprole (8.8 ton/ha) and spinetoram (8.5 ton/ha)
An Economic Analysis of Paddy Production in Kanchanrup, Saptari District of Nepal
No full textRice falls under the grass family Graminae. Paddy cultivation is the principal activity and source of income for millions of people worldwide. The purpose of this research was to better understand the paddy production economics, socioeconomic position, potential, and challenges in Kanchanrup municipality, Saptari District. Using a basic random sampling procedure, 60 rice growers were sampled. A pre-tested interview approach was used to obtain primary data, and a study of relevant literature was used to acquire secondary data. Further, descriptive statistics, SPSS, and MX Excel were used to analyze the data. Among 60 rice-growing farmers, the percentage of the male was 98.3% and females were 1.7% respectively. The average land under paddy cultivation per household was found to be 0.98 hectares. Production costs are estimated by adding variable and fixed costs, however, because rice is a short-lived crop, total fixed costs are not taken into account. Kanchanrup’s average variable cost of rice production is NRs. 114758.18. (Per hectare). Similarly, the total profit was NR 20979.32 and the total yield was NR 135737.5 (Per ha). Kanchanrup has a B: C ratio of 1.18, indicating that the paddy is growing economically viable in the Municipality. The business can provide returns of NPR 1.18 for every rupee invested, and the gross margin is positive, indicating that the investment is financially sustainable and the operation may proceed without any problems
Carbon Sequestration Potential of Roadside Trees in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
No full textTrees along roadside play an important role in climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration. Vehicular pollution is not only responsible for environmental degradation but also cause various health issues to inhabitants resides in the vicinity of such roads. Present study was conducted to observe the role of trees grown along roadside and their underneath soil are efficient in carbon storage at four different sites of Multan city, Punjab, Pakistan. Four sites covering whole Multan city were chosen namely Khaniwal road (S1); Nangshah road (S2); Shujaabad road (S3). and Boson road (S4). The most abundant of the tree species viz-a-viz, Dalbergia sissoo, Eucalyptus camadulensis and Vachellia nilotica were sampled having 10 trees across 04 sites and measured for their diameter and height, whereas, underneath each tree soil samples were extracted at two depths viz., (0-20) (20-40) were recorded during the field visit. The study calculated biomass using allometric equations while soil organic carbon and organic carbon was assessed using Walkely Black method. Although species have different height and diameter, hence, their sequestration rate was also different. Data revealed that in all four sites the carbon sequestration rate remained higher in E. camaldulensis for biomass (Above ground, Belowground and total biomass), carbon and soil organic carbon estimation. as compared to D.sissoo and V. nilotica at all four sites. This research concluded that E. camaldulensis species may be be planted along the roadside due to its higher carbon sequestration rate in maintaining health roadside ecosystem
Impact of Rice Mill Pollution on Surrounding Environment: A Case Study in Sadar Upazila, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
No full textA study was conducted to find out the impact of rice mill pollution on the surrounding environment, agricultural production and human health status at Dinajpur Sadar Upazila through a semi-structured questionnaire during the period from October 2018 to October 2019. Nine rice mills were randomly selected and data were collected from a number of 104 respondents. Data were collected from the respondents at four distant places away from a rice mill viz. 0 meter (in and around mill area), 100, 500, and 1000 meters away. Appropriate scales were developed to measure both the independent and dependent variables by using Microsoft Excel and the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) program. Results showed maximum respondents attitude (>50%) towards the impact of rice mill pollution on environment, agriculture and their health status were not positive (score was 8-15 out of 32), i.e., they were suffering from the rice mill pollutions. Study on four different distances showed that the closest surroundings were highly affected category (impact score >40 out of 60) by the rice mill pollution. The pollution effect on agricultural productivity and human health was in the highest category up to 500 meters away from the mill site, and it was found in decreasing trend (impact score <20) at the distance of 1000 meters away from the rice mills. The overall findings of the study suggest that rice mill should be established more than half a kilometer away from the human settlements and arable land to minimize the rice mill pollution hazards
Value Addition among Youth Artisanal Fisher-Folks: Evidence from Ilaje Local Government Area, Ondo State, Nigeria
No full textAgriculture has taken a new dimension within the last few decades as emphasis is placed on value addition, especially in developing countries like Nigeria. However, extent of involvement of youth artisanal fisher-folks in value addition in fish production is largely unknown in literature. The study was conducted in Ilaje Local Government Area of Ondo State of Nigeria with the view to determining youth artisanal fisher-folks involvement in fish value addition. Specifically, the study identified areas of fish value addition, sources of technical information and analyzed their extent of involvement in fish value addition. One hundred and twenty five respondents were selected with the use of multi-stage sample technique. Data collected were adequately described with frequency, percentages, mean while Chi-square was used to analyse association between variables. The mean age of fisher folks was 26.5 years with male dominance of about 74.4%. Furthermore, all fisher folks had a minimum of primary education. Smoking was the common value addition practiced. Government ADP and Fadama remained the sources of value addition practices and 62.2% of the fisher folks had low extent of involvement in value addition. To boost income was the main reason for engaging in value addition among the youth and sex ( = 16.12), extension contact ( = 9.06) and educational status ( = 9.24) were significantly associated with their extent of involvement in value addition at 0.05 significant level. The study establishes that youth fisher folks predominantly involved in smoking as the value addition to fish production. Adequate education on the importance of other value addition practices should be taught by the stakeholders in food security programme in Nigeria, especially to fish fishers. This will be a strategy to minimum fish importation in Nigeria
The Socio-economic Importance and Sustainability of the Major Non-Timber Forest Products Collected in the South West and Littoral Regions of Cameroon
No full textInterest in non-timber forest products (NTFPs) has increased due to their role in poverty reduction, conservation, and food security. However, data on the current environmental and socio-economic aspects of NTFPs harvests are sparse. Using secondary data from literature review as well as participatory rural appraisal tools, information was gathered on NTFPs collectors, and on the relative socio-economic importance of the main NTFPs collected, collectors’ access to NTFPs and sustainability of collection in major collection sites in the South West and Littoral Regions of Cameroon. An estimated 5500 collectors of NTFPs operate in the South West and Littoral Regions of Cameroon. The study revealed that NTFPs are important in the livelihoods of the village communities in the study area constituting 33% to their household income after agriculture (50.6%). The most important NTFPs collected in the study area were Gnetum spp., Irvingia spp., and Ricinodendron heudelotii. In important harvest divisions like the Manyu and Mungo divisions, the contribution of Gnetum spp. and Irvingia spp. to collectors NTFP related income is statistically significant (chi squared-test X2; p<0.05). Increasing harvests, combined with insufficient regulatory and customary control have led to a situation of long-term unsustainable collection. While NTFP collection is essential in providing income to collectors, their exploitation is failing to contribute in meeting environmental sustainability goals. This study concludes that domestication and awareness raising programs could lessen the pressure on the forest resource base and effective regulatory and customary control measures, if implemented and enforced, could limit over-exploitation and enhance sustainable collection and trade in NTFPs