Asian Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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“Olea europaea L.: A MULTIPURPOSE TREE AND SOLUTIONS TO MEET DEMAND.”
No full textThe olive fruit is most important for its oil extracted known as “liquid gold”. With medical evidences and indications about its beneficial health effect such as anti-hypertension, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, it has gained much popularity. Italy and Spain are major countries exporting olive oil both worldwide as well as in India who solely depends on 100% import for its market requirement. At present there is only one olive oil extraction plant set up in India. It is an important ingredient of Mediterranean Diet which is now adapted in many countries including India. It is used daily in many different ways as snacks and appetizers such as in dips, sauces, pickles, salads, pastas, pizzas, stews and in different baked food. The olive oil are also used for dressing, cooking and as preservatives. There are different types of olives varying with flavors and colors. They are a rich source of heart-healthy monosaturated fats, important fatty acids, antioxidants and iron. Due its multipurpose use the demand rate of consumption has been increased exponentially. Therefore there is an urgent need to understand the demand and solutions to meet the demand. Natural propagation of olive includes cutting and hardwood grafting which are time bound, tedious, requires expertise and season specific. The method of in vitro micropropagation is advantageous over the traditional means of propagation which requires minimum space, irrespective of season and time, resulting in early fruiting and quality fruits. Extensive literature survey was conducted to check its status globally and the technologies applied to increase the propagation of various Olea europaea L. cultivars by various means which will help in meeting the market demand
ANTIMALARIAL POTENTIAL OF THE LEAVES OF Rumex nepalensis IN MICE INFECTED WITH Plasmodium berghei
No full textMalaria is one the major world public health problem especially, in Africa. In spite of malaria therapy progress, the therapy is threatened by the emergence of multi-drug-resistant malaria parasite. As a result, medicinal plants which are the natural sources of medicine can be used as the alternative means to treat malaria. This study is aimed at evaluating the anti-malarial activity of methanol, water and hexane extracts of R. nepalinsis leaves. The methanol, aqueous and hexane crude extracts of the leaves R. nepalinsis were prepared for phytochemical screening, oral acute toxicity and for the evaluation of anti-malarial efficacy against Plasmodium berghei in the infected Swiss albino mice. The crude extracts of the leaves of R. nepalinsis were not toxic to Swiss albino mice at the highest dose level of 5000 mg/kg body weight. The phytochemical test showed the presence of secondary metabolites (alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponin, steroids and glycosides). Thus, the plant extracts significantly prevented the loss of body weight, packed cell volume of the infected mice compared to the negative control (2% DMSO). Similarly the methanol extracts had significantly higher percent suppression (41.6, 42.4 and 44.8%) of P. berghei in mice at dose level of 200, 400 and 500 mg/kg body weight respectively than the negative control (2% DMSO). In conclusion, the leaves of R. nepalinsis was not toxic to mice at dose of 5000mg/kg to mice and it had antimalarial potentials in vivo in albino mice thus further studies are required to isolate and identify the responsible active compounds in this plant
Tridax procumbens LEAF EXTRACT BASED BACTERIAL CELLULOSE FOR WOUND HEALING
No full textBacterial cellulose is a biopolymer produced from of Gluconoacetobacter sp. RV28 has versatile application in the biomedical field. The bacterial cellulose biocompatibility, water holding capability, never dried gel, microfiber structure make it suits for scaffolds for tissue engineering, carriers for drug delivery, neuron protection, vascular grafts and wound healing. Moreover the bacterial cellulose alone itself not having any antimicrobial activity the implementation of antimicrobial agent is required for its effect. The Tridax procumbens leaf extract was known for its wound healing activity from ancient days, this idea were utilized in the present study to achieve wound healing activity. In this connection the present study represents bacterial gelimmersion in ethanol and methanol leaf extract of Tridax procumbens for 48 h and examined for its antimicrobial effect. The Tridax procumbens based bacterial cellulose showed strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive). Candida albicans (Yeast) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; E. coli (Gram-negative). Hence this Tridax procumbens based biopolymer is excellent product for wound healing activity
MICROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS WHEN USING THE ELECTRON-ION TECHNOLOGY
No full textStudy on the use of electron-ion technology with a view to the inactivation of microorganisms, e.g., a byproduct of ozone gas, have been further developed in response to the need to suppress any microflora in fermentation processes in the microbiological industry, as well as with the development methods of storing vegetables and food products in the presence of ozone disinfection of municipal wastewater. The question of ozone destruction of microorganisms of various taxonomic groups covered extensively in the literature. Until recently, in connection with the use of ozone for disinfection of drinking water the majority of works were devoted to study ozone effects on pathogen microorganisms
MOLECULAR VERIFICATION OF RELEASED POTATO MUTANTS RESISTANT TO Ralstonia solanacearum UNDER CONSEQUENT PATHOGEN STRESS
No full textIn vitro cultured nodal segments of three potato cultivars namely, Diamant, Spunta and Cara were irradiated with 9 doses of gamma radiation (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 Gy) with control. Cv. Diamant showed the highest number of survival shoots. Under artificial infection with Ralstonia. solanacearum, all in vitro plantlet populations of the three genotypes were susceptible except two mutant derived from Diamant and one from Spunta which showed resistant phenotype. The progenies of the putatively resistant lines were grown in naturally infested field and assayed by a latest developed specific and rapid real-time PCR for detecting R. solanacearum in soil and plant tissues using the specific primers RS SA2. The released lines surpassed their original cultivars for all studied agronomic traits, furthermore, qPCR analyses revealed that progeny of one of the released lines were considered negative based on our cut off Ct value of 0.0
MACROMOLECULAR INTERACTIONS: TRENDS AND TARGETS
No full textThe morphological arrangement of interacting chemical groups in a binding or an active site presents an increased magnitude of interaction specificity and affinity which are crucial to biological functionality. The morphological configuration and functionality of macromolecules are influenced by covalent bonds and polarity, bond rotations and vibrations, non-covalent interactions, hydrophobic impact and molecular structure dynamics. Macromolecular interactions comprise diverse non-covalent interactions with specificity and precision which are crucial to biological function. Certain macromolecules are involved in the catalysis of chemical reactions or facilitate processes, such as molecular transport in ambient situations. Thus, molecular interactions are the crux of all cellular processes, viz: catalysis, recognition and signal transduction, whereby several diseases or disorders can be directly associated with aberrant interactions between molecular pairs which provide the latitude for drug designs which are capable of reversing aberrant biophysical features. Certain physical methods, such as sedimentation rate is used to investigate macromolecular interactions as a sophisticated technique that necessitates utmost precision in both the experimental design and data analysis. Kinetic analysis of an expansive array of macromolecular interactions with the evolution of experimental design and data analysis procedures make adequate provision for accurate definition of the assembly mechanisms and rate constants connected with macromolecular interactions
ASSESSMENT OF THE GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF Salmonella typhi AND Escherichia coli ON SOME CEREAL BASED COMPLEMENTARY FOODS IN ABIA STATE, NIGERIA
No full textoai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/10The growth and survival of Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli innoculated on some cereal based complementary foods was analysed. There was no growth of these organisms in the hydrated cereal stored at 40°C for 24 hours. However, at 15°C and 25°C, these pathogenic microorganisms increased in cereals hydrated with milk and water. In the cereal hydrated with apple juice, growth of the pathogens was restricted for 24 hours at 25°C, but scanty growth occurred at 15°C. Samples hydrated with apple juice and rice cereals are less supportive to Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli. There are significant difference in the growth of the organisms at varying temperature and time for P = 0.05% (degree of freedom). Significant difference also exist at the hydrated liquid (water, milk, and apple juice) at P < 0.05. Feeding of infants with cereals hydrated with acidic juice and consumed immediately after preparation or held at 4°C for less than 8 hours will contribute to reduction of diarrhea in infant