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Utilization of open Wiki resource user activity for ontological model development
No full textAn approach to the construction of personalized ontological domain model that interests the user. This model is based on processing of semantically marked Wiki-resource which the user interacted with, and uses semantic properties, links, and search for the ontology classes and instances building. This approach allows us to provide relevant application formalized system of knowledge represented on the Web.Problems in programming 2016; 2-3: 204-21
Накопичення поживних речовин у підземній частині рослин видів роду Crambe L.
No full textObjective – to study the accumulation of biochemical compounds in the underground part of the plants of the genus Crambe L. in the period of early spring in the conditions of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine.
Material and methods. Plant material of this investigation – Crambe species (Brassicaceae Burnett): C. cordifolia Steven (CCR), C. grandiflora DC. (CGR), C. juncea M.Bieb. (CJR), C. koktebelica (Junge) N. Busch (CKR), C. maritima L. (CMR), C. steveniana Rupr. (CSR), C. tataria Sebeok (CTR). As control were selected plants of Armoracia rusticana P. Gaerth., B. Mey et Scherb (ARR). All biochemical analyses were conducted using the underground part of plants in the period of early spring. The determination of absolutely dry matter was done according to A.I. Yermakov, total content of sugars, ascorbic acid, content of organic acids, tannins – according to V.P. Krishchenko, level of total ash – according to Z.M. Hrycajenko et al., concentration of calcium and phosphorus – according to H.N. Pochinok, antiradical activity of ethanol and water extracts – according to W. Brandt-Williams et al.
Results. Obtained data showed that content of dry matter ranged from 16.00 % (CMR) to 22.48 % (CCR), total content of sugar ranged from 11.03 % (CJR) to 46.48 % (CSR), content of ascorbic acid ranged from 192.85 mg% (CSR) to 483.45 mg% (CTR), level of tannins in range from 1.64 % (CGR) to 5.12 % (CJR), content of organic acids ranged from 2.28 % (CSR) to 3.64 % (CJR), content of ash in range from 9.24 % (CSR) to 14.67 % (CJR), level of calcium ranged from 0.76 % (CTR) to 1.37 % (CKR),content of phosphorus varied from 0.57 % (CCR) to 1.33 % (CTR). Antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts was in range from 6.84 % (CGR) to 11.65 % (CTR) and water extracts – from 0.76 % (CGR) to 2.52 % (CCR).
Conclusions. It can be concluded that underground part of plants of the genus Crambe is rich source of nutrients in the period of early spring. Some investigated species showed higher biological activity in comparison with ARR plants. Comparative analyze of phytochemical content of raw matter demonstrated that underground part of investigated plants can be competed with other food plants such as Armoracia rusticana by content of ascorbic acid, total content of sugars, organic acids, ash, macroelements etc. Total antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts of investigated plants demonstrated higher results than water extracts
Підсумки інтродукції Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco в умовах Дендрологічного парку “Тростянець” НАН України
No full textObjective — to sum up results of the introduction of Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco in the arboretum Trostjanets of the NAS of Ukraine on the basis of the study of the dynamics of the population, characteristics of the vital capacity of the introduct on the grounds of its generative development, winterhardiness and drought resistance, stability to the activity of biotic and abiotic factors.
Material and methods. The biological peculiarities of P. menziesii in conditions of the arboretum Trostjanets of the NAS of Ukraine are presented. Its drought and winter resistance, growth and development peculiarities were studied. Field, introductory and biomorphological methods were used.
Results. The introduced plants of P. menziesii are perspective and highly resistant. In the conditions of the arboretum, they grow, develop and propagate well. They almost do not suffer damage from frost, drought and pathogenic organisms.
Conclusions. P. menziesii sufficiently adapted itself to local conditions. It is characterized by high resistance to the unfavourable environmental conditions and diseases. It has high decorative properties
Становлення та сучасні наукові здобутки Національного ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка Національної академії наук України (до 100-річчя НАН України)
Get PDFThe information on the history of creation and formation of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden (NBG) of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine as a research institution of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine is provided. It has been shown that over the years of its existence, the NBG has achieved significant success in the basic and applied research and in environmental education.
The main scientific achievements of recent years in the field of plant protection, introduction, acclimatization and selection, preservation and enrichment of biodiversity, landscaping construction, allelopathy, medical botany, biological indication and chemosystematics are covered.
Scientific schools have been created in the NBG, valuable botanical collections have been collected, and the most unique collections are related to the objects of national treasure. The breeders of the NBG have received more than 365 certificates and patents for plant varieties. Eight research departments, two laboratories and two centers for the collective use of scientific instruments of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine are successfully operating. Extensive international cooperation is carried out, a number of new collection and exposition plots have been laid.
The NBG celebrates the centenary of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine with significant scientific achievements that contribute to the growth of the international prestige of Ukraine as a democratic, cultural and scientifically developed European state
Біологічні, морфометричні та декоративні особливості рослин нового для України виду Syringa faurieri Lev. та методи їх використання в озелененні
Get PDFObjective – to study morphometrical, biological and decorative features of plants of new for Ukraine species of lilac Syringa faurieri Lev. and methods of their use in landscape design.
Material and methods. The objects of the study were S. faurieri plants introduced by using seeds from China. The study was performed in 2010–2018 in the Lilac garden of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine. Morphological, field and analytical methods were used.
Results. The botanical description of S. faurieri plants was carried out for the first time. Also for the first time the plant phenophases are described, as well as the frostresistance and the effect of the soil moisture are studied. The characteristics of the canopy formation of the stamb (grafted to trunk) plants are described. The methods of this species seed propagation and its use in landscape design are reported.
Conclusions. It is revealed that S. faurieri can be successfully cultivated in the Polissya and Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. This species is recommended for the introduction in the planting of greenery for towns and villages of the Crimea and the Steppe zone of Ukraine in general due to the successful use of the closelyrelated to S. faurieri species S. amurensis Rupr. and S. pekinensis Rupr. All these species require multiple soil moistening during summer in conditions of the Crimea and the Steppe zone of Ukraine. Older (10–15years old) plants, which root system deeply entered the soil, usually do not require this procedure
Онтоморфогенез вічнозелених видів роду Rhododendron L. ex situ
Get PDFObjective – to study the peculiarities of formation of morphological structures and mechanisms of adaptation to new conditions at the initial stages of ontomorphogenesis of evergreen species of the genus Rhododendron L. introduced in the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine (NBG); to identify critical periods and limiting factors at different stages of development of their seedlings under the conditions of primary culture.
Material and methods. The object of the study is the evergreen species of the genus Rhododendron introduced in NBG (R. catawbiense Michx., R. dauricum L., R. degronianum Carrié). The study was carried out in 2005–2017 at the greenhouse conditions and in areas of department of landscape construction of NBG according to commonly accepted methods. We used recommendations R.Ya. Kondratovych (1981), A.U. Zarubenko (2006), I.M. Koksheyeva (2009), M.S. Alexandrova (1986), L.V. Vegera (2006) and others.
Results. At seed reproduction of studied evergreen species of rhododendrons under ex situ conditions (in case optimal illumination and humidity temperature regime, soil acidity are provided, any critical periods are not revealed at the initial stages of ontomorphogenesis. The seeds of the species studied had high germination (65–90 %). In the conditions of primary culture in NBG seedlings of studied species are able to withstand the conditions of open ground in the winter period starting from the immature growing state. The seedlings reach a young generative state at 3–5 (R. dauricum) and 6–7 (R. catawbiense, R. degronianum) year. All studied species produce germinating seeds.
Conclusions. While ensuring the necessary conditions the investigated species of evergreen rhododendrons successfully adapt, pass all the initial stages ontomorphogenesis. Immature, virginal and young generative individuals satisfactorily tolerate conditions of open ground, showing sufficient frost resistance. In the conditions of the primary culture in NBG seedlings are blooming, fruiting, give viable seeds. Studied species are promising for use in landscaping, for instance in the city of Kyiv
Види родини Pinaceae Lindl. у дендрофлорі промислових міст степової зони України
No full textObjective — to determine the species composition and to estimate vital status of plants of Pinaceae Lindl. family species in industrial cities of the Steppe zone of Ukraine.
Material and methods. 4416 plants of the Pinaceae family species in decorative plantations of general use of industrial cities (Pokrovsk, Slavyansk, Avdeyivka, Konstantinovka, Khartsyzsk, Yenakiyevo, Makeyevka) were investigated. Determined species, number of individuals, their age and life condition. Viability of plants was assessed on the 8-point scale of L.S. Savelyeva, vital status — on the 5-point scale of V.A. Alexeyev.
Results. In the course of our investigation, we identified seven species, three forms and one cultivar of three genera of the Pinaceae family in the examined stands. The most common tree species is Picea pungens Engelm., with representation rate of 57 % (from the total number of plants in this family) in parks, 58 % in squares and 41 % in roadside plantings. The age structure is dominated by mid dleaged trees from the age group of 21 to 30 years (47 % – in parks, 62 % – in squares, 30 % – in roadside plantings). In the city parks we revealed 90 % of healthy plants rated by high viability score, in the squares the share of such trees was 86 %, and in street plantations it was 75 %.
Conclusion. Under the conditions of urban environments in the Steppe zone of Ukraine, the decrease of viability is observed in the species of Pinaceae family at the age of 40 years. The research data obtained should be taken into account when planning the reconstruction of decorative plantations and replacing the very depressed and shrinking trees of species under investigation
Object-component development of changeable software systems
No full textComplementary limitations of both Software Product Lines industrial technologies and Lavrischeva – Grishenrko object-component method concerning changeable software development are elicited such as the lack of formalisms for program assets building and ill predictability of this build features.To cope with the limitations universal Model of Software Family Variant Features is proposed expanding its tradi-tional feature model for basic development artifacts. For assets being considered as reusable Components final Changeable Software Object-Component Model is elaborated including the universal model above being adjusted as Software Variability Object-Component Model. The Algebra is depicted for the operations of both the Components configuring and data types transforming over their interaction within changeable software system.These operations are proposed to incorporate into the target process for Changeable Software Family proactive and informed Variability management being represented with its technological chart. The process proposed composes the functions for variability Planning, Implementing and Control as well as Family model/consist Evolving up to the Control results. The functions listed are performed within common information environment structured accordingly to Variant Features Model or its object-component adjustment.Trial software tool for configuring Components in the above process is probed. The usage is depicted of both the framework proposed and this tool over technological lines being implemented in Software Systems Institute of NAS of Ukraine Instrumental-technological complex for changeable software configuring from the components.Problems in programming 2016; 1: 03-1
Construction of pursuit strategies with using Lyapunov functions
No full textThis paper is concerned with differential pursuit-evasion games, in which several agents chase one. The time of capture of a target is used as the criterion. The motion of agents is simple one, the velocities are piecewise-continuous. The function that specifies the maximal time of capture of the target for the well-known strategy of parallel approach is described. This function is used as a Lyapunov function for constructing the new chase strategy, which outperforms the strategy of parallel approach in the following sense. Maximal time of pursuit for the new strategy is not more than maximal time of pursuit for the strategy of parallel approach; at the same time there are many games, for which maximal time of pursuit for the new strategy is less than for the strategy of parallel approach. In case of pursuit-evasion game on a plane we find explicit form of Lyapunov function and calculate velocities of pursuers using the gradient of this function. Numerical examples show that such velocities of pursuers reduce the maximal time of pursuit. In case of pursuit-evasion game in a multidimensional Euclidean space, Lyapunov function is equal to an optimal value of an objective function of appropriate linear programming problem. The velocities of pursuers are calculated with using the gradient of this function.Problems in programming 2017; 3: 194-21
DS-theory as a prototype of the theory of applied algorithms
No full textThe notion of the decomposition scheme as a core for DS-theory is proposed and described here. The notions of clump-property and algorithmic dependence are also described. Decomposition scheme is proposed to be used taking into account its algorithmic nature as the basis for building universal (canonical) algorithm. The questions of the canonical algorithm transformation into the specific application-oriented algorithms are discussed. The operations over the decomposition schemes which are itself operations over algorithms are described