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Біологічні особливості айви довгастої в Лісостепу України
No full textThe results of long-term investigations on Cydonia obionga Mill. introduction in the North of Ukraine have been generalized. It is shown that the selected perspective forms have been well adopted; their reproductive ability depends on the level of their winter hardiness and is now at the local species reproduction level; in it is even higher in certain years. The main potential biological peculiarities have been studied; their mobilization promotes successful cultivation of Cydonia obionga Mill
Динаміка агрохімічних показників ґрунту в межах колекційно-експозиційної ділянки “Сад бузків” Національного ботанічного саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України
No full textObjective – to analyse the dynamics of agrochemical indicators of the soil under collection of Syringa vulgaris L. cultivars. These indicators used for solving the problem of anisotropy of biogenic elements distribution in the soil.
Material and methods. The study has been carried out on the “Lilac Garden” exposition. The soil samples were collected in the spring and in the autumn (2016–2018) under the Syringa vulgaris plants: 1 – under lawn grasses, 2 – on the site with permanent soil cultivation, 3 – on the site with permanent anthropogenic pressure (under the S. vulgaris cultivar trees). The plants are 55–60 years old. The humus reserves and nutrients content were calculated for the horizon 0–20 cm. The agrochemical analysis of soil samples has been done after G. Rinkis method (1982) by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry iCAP 6300 DUO. Soil samples were extracted by 1 N HCL. Soil samples pH were measured by Hi 2211 pH/ORP Meter (Hanna Instruments).
Results. It were investigated agrochemical indicators study (pH, humus, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn) of S. vulgaris collection gray podzolized soil. The soil solution pH indicators – 6.53–7.50. Humus content changes were registered during the seasons: 3.6–7.8 % in spring, 5.2–9.3 % in autumn. Maximum concentrations of the biogenic elements were observed in different terms of the plant vegetation cycle due to the precipitation and air temperature fluctuations.
Conclusion. The results demonstrate diverse distribution of biogenic elements in the Syringa vulgaris collection soil cover. It is to be considered for developing of plant cultivation rules for decorative and long living S. vulgaris cultivars
Поліхромнi мікроландшафтнi дендрокомпозиції в озелененні промислового регіону Правобережного степового Придніпров’я
No full textObjective – to develop classification and to study functioning of microlandscape polychrome dendrocompositions in plantings of Kryvyi Rih.
Material and methods. The object of our study is polychrome microlandscape dendrocompositions in the territory of Kryvyi Rih. Research methods: visual, morphometrical, statistical.
Results. The article deals with the concept of “microlandscape dendrocompositions” and their classification by 10 features: taxonomic composition, area and its configuration, biometric parameters, arrangement of plants in the composition, main accent, age, type of biomorphs, landscape features, coloristics. 18 natural coniferous-deciduous dendrocompositions, created with the participation of modern cultivars with different colour and crown shape, have been identified in plantations of Kryvyi Rih. Among them juniper-barberry groups accounted for the largest proportion (26 %). The total taxonomic composition of studied objects is 7 species and 60 cultivars from 17 genera, 10 families and 2 divisions. Shrubs (45 taxa) predominate in certain dendrocompositions by type of biomorph, plants are represented by two age groups (0–10 and 10–20 years), the highest vital state is found in 95 % of species and cultivars, 60 % of species and cultivars are related to groups of highly ornamental plants. The largest shape of species and cultivars is in the shrubs (32 %), and the plants with spherical (18 %) and conical crown forms (16 %), the rest of the plants are represented by shallow, columnar, cushion-shaped and spreading trees. Plants with green (44 %) and yellow (yellow-mottled) colour of needles or leaves are 26 %, with blue-grey color are 16 % and with purple colour are 14 %.
Conclusion. Optimization of the urban environment in the industrial region of the Right-Bank steppe of Dnieper area is possible due to the creation of microlandscape dendrocompositions using perspective modern cultivars of coniferous and deciduous plants
Дослідження епілітних мохоподібних у дендропарку “Олександрія” НАН України
No full textObjective — to study of the species diversity of epilithic bryophytes in Dendrological Park Olexandria.
Material and methods. The objects of the study were epilithic bryophytes of the historical part of Dendrological Park Olexandria. The commonly accepted methods of the floristic field investigations were used in this work. Latin names of the bryophytes were given according to the Checklist of the Bryobionta of Ukraine (2008; 2010). The short taxonomical analysis was conducted according to the recommendation of M.F. Boiko (2008).
Results. The epilithic bryophyte flora of the historical part of Dendrological Park Olexandria consists of 51 species. Marchantiophyta is represented by 5 species, 5 genera, 5 families, 4 orders and 2 classes, Bryophyta is represented by 46 species, 28 genera, 14 families, 5 orders and 1 class. The leading families are Brachytheciaceae (7 species), Pottiaceae (7), Amblystegiaceae (6), Bryaceae (5), Orthotrichaceae (4), Grimmiaceae (4) — 64.7 % of the total account. The leading genera are Bryum (5 species), Orthotrichum (4) and Grimmia (3 species).
Conclusions. The epilithic bryophyte flora of the historical part of Dendrological Park Olexandria consists of 51 species. Five taxa (Bryum ruderale Crundw. et Nyholm, Didymodon tophaceus (Brid.) Lisa, Pellia endiviifolia (Dicks.) Dumort., Porella platyphylla (L.) Pfeiff. and Syntrichia virescens (De Not.) Ochyra) are regional rare species in Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The most of species (35), including 5 regional rare species, were found in the Eastern Beam and therefore it is necessary to ensure appropriate protection of these species in their habitats
On the issue of automating the workflow design based on algebra-algorithmic and ontological tools
No full textThe article presents the concept of a system for automated workflow design based on algebra-algorithmic and ontological tools. The previously developed applied ontology for program design has been expanded with new concepts related to the workflow design. The existing approaches are analysed and architecture for system that under development is proposed. The work of the system is illustrated by the example of the development of the Apache Oozie workflow for analyzing large amounts of data on the distributed Apache Hadoop platform. It is shown that the combination of ontology and algebra-algorithmic tools provides significant potential for adaptation, optimization, integration and modification. In addition, the high level of abstraction provided by these tools facilitates the understanding of the designed workflows by both people and software agents, simplifying teamwork, workflow sharing and reuse. The results of a quantitative assessment of the proposed tools indicate that they can contribute to a significant increase in development productivity and reduce labor costs.Problems in programming 2019; 1: 37-4
A simulator of mechanisms of acute control of human hemodynamics
No full textA software simulator (SS) of the physiological mechanisms that provide the acute control of human hemodynamics is created. SS is based on a mathematical model (MM) describing reflexes, the source of information in which are mechanoreceptors located in the right ventricle of the heart, in the aortic arch and in the carotid sinuses. A previously developed model of an uncontrollable cardiovascular system with a pulsating heart is used as an object of control (OC). In MM, the duration of the cardiac cycle, the rigidity and the unstressed volume of the vascular areas of the body are the target of regulatory actions. MM and OC are realized in C++. Oriented to the physiologist, the interface provides him / her with the ability to turn on / off any of the reflexes, to conduct test studies (including imitation of dosed blood loss or blood transfusion). SS is still functions autonomously. Subsequently, after modeling also endocrine physiological mechanisms of long-term effects on hemodynamics, SS will become a virtual tool for research of complex mechanisms that optimize human hemodynamics.Problems in programming 2019; 1: 90-9
Біохімічне дослідження рослинної сировини видів роду Silphium L. у Національному ботанічному саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України
No full textObjective – to evaluate the biochemical composition of plant raw material of species of the Silphium L. genus in M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine.
Material and methods. In this study investigated following species of Silphium genus and one cultivar: S. lacinatum L., S. integrifolium Milchx., S. perfoliatum L., S. perfoliatum L. cv. Kanadchanka, S. scaberrinum Ell., S. trifoliatum L. The content of dry matter and crude fiber were determined according to A.I. Yermakov et al. (1972), the total content of sugars, ascorbic acid and potassium concentration – according to V.P. Krishchenko (1983), the content of carotene – according to B.P. Pleshkov (1985), the content of ash – according to Z.M. Hrycaenko et al. (2003), the content of calcium, phosphorus and protein – according to H.M. Pochinok (1976). Obtained data processed in Data Analysis (Excel 2016).
Results. In the period of flowering content of dry matter in raw of species of Silphium L. genus was 21.14–29.02 %, total content of sugars – 3.54–12.17 %, crude fiber – 29.46–48.24 %, ascorbic acid – 77.12–296.35 mg%, carotene – 0.23– 1.54 mg%, protein – 14.18–26.08 %, lipids – 2.34–4.26 %. Content of ash was 3.25–7.82 %, potassium – 0.78–2.18 %, calcium – 1.66–3.07 %, phosphorus – 0.13–0.35 %. The coefficient of correlation between all investigated parameters is determined.
Conclusions. Obtained data identified that in M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine investigated species and cultivar of Silphium genus are rich sources of nutrients. The high content of dry matter and crude fiber, potassium, calcium detected for S. scaberrinum, the content of sugars, ascorbic acid, lipids for S. lacinatum, carotene for S. trifoliatum, protein for S. integrifolium, ash and phosphorus for S. perfoliatum. Taking into account obtained data about biochemical composition, plant raw material of these crops can be competitively capable among other forage crops
Доктор біологічних наук, професор Леонід Іванович Рубцов – знавець квітниково-декоративних рослин
No full textObjective – to elucidate creative work of the doctor of biological sciences, Professor Leonid Ivanovich Rubtsov, as an experienced connoisseur of flowering ornamental plants.
Material and methods. It was used the historical and scientific methods.
Results. It was determined that Leonid Ivanovich Rubtsov, widely known as a dendrologist and landscape architect, actively researched and used flowering ornamental plants in theoretical studies (articles, brochures and books) and practical activities: in creating landscaping projects for floral hill, Mountain Garden, sectors of forsythia and English dogwood of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine, which significantly improved created landscape compositions. L.I. Rubtsov was actively involved in the development of proposals for floral design of cities. He also paid much attention to compositions from cut flowers and winter forcing of the shoots of ornamental shrubs.
Conclusion. Leonid Ivanovich Rubtsov is a connoisseur of flowering ornamental plants, as evidenced by a number of his theoretical works and practical developments
Особливості розмноження представників виду Prunus laurocerasus L. in vitro
No full textObjective — to find out the peculiarities of reproduction of representatives of Prunus laurocerasus L. in vitro.
Material and methods. The research was conducted in the lab microclonal reproduction of the National Dendropark Sofiyivka of the NAS of Ukraine. The method of microclonal propagation of plants was used, it base on the induction of morphogenic processes that occurred under the influence of phytohormones. The material for research was young, not well-grown shoots taken from 3-year-old plants P. laurocerasus, P. laurocerasus ‘Serbica’, P. laurocerasus ‘Schipcaensis’, P. laurocerasus ‘03.02’ obtained from Novokakhovsky research farm of the Institute of rice of the NAAS of Ukraine.
Results. The results of three-year research on the reproduction characteristics of P. laurocerasus, P. laurocerasus ‘Serbica’, P. laurocerasus ‘Schipcaensis’, P. laurocerasus ‘03.02’ in vitro are presented on the use of modified nutrient varieties with different phytohormonal composition. The dependence of the differentiation of explants in these genotypes and processes of morphogenesis, on the exogenous content of phytohormones: 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP), indolyl-3-butyric acid (IBA), indolyl-3-acetic acid, 1-naphthylacetic acid (1-NAA) in nutrient media, which contributed to the accelerated appearance of adventitious kidneys. It was found that for P. laurocerasus, P. laurocerasus ‘Schipcaensis’ and P. laurocerasus ‘03.02 the most optimal was the medium Murashige–Scoog (MS-6) to which was added 1.0 mg/l 6-BAP: and the average number of formed shoots respectively was 5.63, 4.66 and 6.61, the average length of shoots was 2.3 cm, and the reproduction coefficient was respectively 6.56, 5.34 and 7.24. For P. laurocerasus ‘Serbica’ the use of the MS-7 medium with the addition of 1.0 mg/l 6-BAP and 0.1 mg/l IBA was effective, which contributed to an average of 4.77 pieces shoots in length 2.09 cm with a multiplication factor of 4.98. Well-developed shoots were transferred to nutrient media for rhizogenesis. The most effective was the nutrient medium of MS with the addition 0.5 and 1.0 mg/l 1-NAA where the rooting of explants respectively was 73.2 and 59.5 %.
Conclusions. It has been found that for P. laurocerasus, P. laurocerasus ‘Schipcaensis’ and P. laurocerasus ‘03.02 ‘ the nutrient medium, to which was added 1.0 mg/l 6-BAP, was found to be the most optimal, for P. laurocerasus ‘Serbica’ — nutrient medium with the addition of 1.0 mg/l 6-BAP and 0.1 mg/l IBA. For rhizogenesis the nutrient medium with the addition 0.5 and 1.0 mg/l of 1-NAA was found to be most effective
