Harvester open publications of NAS Ukraine
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Analytical review of approaches to integration of software systems
No full textConducted comparison analysis of existing approaches to integrations of software systems, with the purpose of continuous design of new alternative approaches for resolving integration tasks and web-service composition tasks. Conducted integration of payment system with online store with one of the mentioned approaches for a deeper understanding of problems that caused during the integrations of a software system. Were considered challenges that actual for integration developers during the integrations and methods for resolving raised issues. Defined the key moments of integrations of software systems and interactions between them that we should pay attention to. The subject of research needs a new points of view to the issue and new alternative approaches that might bring more flexibility, increase performance, and they will find the right place for applying in the field of integrations of software systems and the composition of web-services.Problems in programming 2021; 1: 36-4
Machine learning methods analysis in the document classification problem
No full textCurrent situation with official documentary in the world, and especially in Ukraine, requires tools for electronical processing. One of the main tasks at this field is seal (or stamp) detection, which leads to documents classification based on mentioned criterion. Current article analyzes some of existed methods to resolve the problem, describes a new approach to classify documentary and reflects dependence of model accuracy to input data amount. As a result of this work is a convolutional neural network that classify 708 out of 804 images of official documents correctly. A corresponded percentage of model accuracy is 88.03, despite the fact of bias presence in input data.Problems in programming 2020; 4: 81-8
Salix herbacea L. (Salicaceae) на Мармароському масиві в Українських Карпатах
No full textSalix herbacea is a relict plant species related to the circumpolar arctic-alpine element of the Holarctic group. The aim of the study was to clarify the data on the distribution of S. herbacea within the Maramures massif of the Ukrainian Carpathians since this species is reported by different authors for the massif without specific geographical and habitats descriptions. Field studies were conducted in the Maramures massif on the slopes of Pip Ivan Marmarosky (1936 m a.s.l.) and Rapa (1872 m a.s.l.) mountains in 2017–2019. The S. herbacea distribution chorology was analyzed based on the inventory of UU, KW, KWHA, LW, Herbarium of the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve, and Herbarium of the Biology and Ecology Department of the Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University collections. We have found S. herbacea confined to cliffs on a rocky tourist path between the peaks of Pip Ivan Marmarosky and Rapa mountains in the Rakhiv district of the Transcarpathian region (Zakarpattia oblast). Recently, these rocky formations were occupied by tall grasses such as Calamagrostis villosa, Poa pratensis and Festuca picturata. Meanwhile, the occurrence of Holarctic and Alpine-Carpathian species Vaccinium uliginosum, Potentilla aurea, Pulsatilla alba, Thamnolia vermicularis and Cetraria islandica substantially decreased. These changes were probably caused by a decrease in livestock grazing intensity during the past years in this area, as well as more favorable climate conditions for tall grass species. The exact location and phytocoenological conditions of the site, which is endangered and requires additional conservation measures, were outlined. The necessity of these measures to preserve the habitat of S. herbacea on the Maramures massif was stressed out
Накопичення золи та фотосинтетичних пігментів у рослинній сировині видів роду Astragalus
No full textFive Astragalus species (A. cicer, A. falcatus, A. galegiformis, A. glycyphyllos, and A. ponticus) grown at the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine were investigated. Plant raw material was collected at different ontogenetic stages, including budding, flowering, and fruiting. After that, the content of ash, calcium, phosphorus, nitrogen, and photosynthetic pigments was analyzed and statistically processed.The content of ash varied from 3.12 to 5.22 %, calcium – from 0.31 to 0.91 %, phosphorus – from 0.07 to 0.14 %, and nitrogen – from 1.93 to 2.48 % depending on the stage of growth. The content of chlorophyll a varied from 0.901 to 2.475 mg/g FW (fresh weight), chlorophyll b – from 0.190 to 0.676 mg/g FW, and carotenoids – from 0.496 to 1.129 mg/g FW.Thus, the accumulation of ash and its components in the raw material of the investigated species depended on the period of growth and certain species. Content of photosynthetic pigments correlated with the content of phosphorus (r = 0.887–0.999) and with plant increment (r = 0.756–0.998) for all investigated species. Obtained data can be applied to analyze productivity and during the cultivation of these plants
Епіфітні бріофіти Державного дендрологічного парку “Олександрія” НАН України
No full textInvestigations of the species diversity of epiphytic bryophytes of the State Dendrological Park “Olexandria” (the historical part and the “Budynok Lisnyka” plot) were conducted in 2017–2019 and revealed 40 species representing 22 genera, 17 families, seven orders, two classes, and two divisions. This corresponds to 46.51 % of the total number of detected bryophytes in the park. The leading families in the bryoflora of the park are Orthotrichaceae (9 species), Brachytheciaceae (6), Amblystegiaceae (3), Anomodontaceae (3), Dicranaceae (3), Hypnaceae (3), and Pottiaceae (2). The leading genera are Orthotrichum (9 species), Anomodon (3), and Dicranum (3).Among the identified taxa, five species (Dicranum tauricum, Orthotrichum lyellii, Porella platyphylla, Sciuro-hypnum reflexum, and Syntrichia virescens) are regionally rare within the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine. Most of the recorded epiphytic mosses were found on the bark of Acer platanoides (28 species), Fraxinus excelsior (27), Quercus robur (26), Acer campestre (23), and Tilia cordata (22). The least epiphytic mosses were found on the bark of conifers (Pinus sylvestris, P. strobus, Picea abies, Larix decidua, etc.).The surveyed trees in the State Dendrological Park “Olexandria” were also found such epigeal mosses as Plagiomnium cuspidatum, Ceratodon purpureus, Dicranella heteromalla, and Pohlia nutans, as well as epixilic moss Dicranum flagellare, etc.The “Budynok Lisnyka” plot hosts three species that do not occur in the park’s historical part. In particular, Lophocolea heterophylla and Sciuro-hypnum curtum were found there on Quercus robur trunks and Sciuro-hypnum reflexum on Quercus rubra bark. At the same time, the historical part of the park is characterized by the number of expansive bryophytes
Вміст біогенних та токсичних елементів у листках Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv. (Poaceae): попереднє дослідження
No full textThe Antarctic hairgrass (Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv.) is one of two flowering plants native to the Antarctic, and therefore it was intensively studied for decades. However, there is still limited information available about the content of biogenic and toxic elements in the leaves of this plant. While being an essential component of most of the terrestrial ecosystems in the maritime Antarctic, the content of nutrients like K, P, and S in the plants of D. antarctica may significantly affect soil properties, especially in such hot spots like rhizosphere and detritosphere. Moreover, the content of toxic elements and trace metals, in particular in the plant, is a principal criterion to evaluate its indicative role, whether or not D. antarctica may be used as a bioindicator to monitor the Antarctica environmental state. In this study, we report the preliminary results about the content of K, P, Ca, S, Mg, Na, Si, Fe, Zn, Al, Sr, Mn, Cu, B, Cr, Ba, V, Pb, Cd, and Co in the leaves of D. antarctica from the natural habitats of the maritime Antarctіс. Dry leaves were digested in nitric acid (closed-vessel microwave digestion). Elemental concentration was measured by ICP-OES technique. The differences within the samples taken from one location were far less notable than between the samples from different locations. Among the biogenic elements, the content of potassium was the most variable – from 12.2 mg·g-1 on Galindez Island to 28.7 mg·g-1 on the Cape Tuxen (Antarctic Peninsula). The content of trace metals also varied considerably between the samples from different locations. The results of this preliminary study suggest that due to the high content of nutrients, leaves of D. antarctica should be considered as an important precursor of soil organic matter, as well as a possible bioindicator. However, future studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results and hypotheses
About the influence of features of fitness-functions on the convergence of the genetic algorithm
No full textThe adaptive capabilities of a parallel version of a multipopulation genetic algorithm are considered depending on the characteristics of certain classes of fitness-functions. Ways are proposed to increase the rate of convergence to the optimal solution based on effective control of algorithm parameters and strategies for the exchange of chromosome-solutions between populations. The results of computer experiments with the optimization of fitness-functions with various ratios of insignificant and significant factors are presented. The dependence of the convergence rate of the algorithm in the presence of a random effect on the values of fitness-functions is studied.Problems in programming 2020; 2-3: 362-36
A method for extracting data from semis-tructured documents
No full textLinguistic method to solve the problem of data extraction from weakly structured documents is developed, approved, and described in detail in the paper. Sample data were taken from thesis catalogue of Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine. The sequence of all stages is described: document collection choice; document preparation; writing grammar rules for data extraction from text; writing rules for morphology verification; creation of interpretations or bindings rules to data; analysis of parsing results. Linguistic method of data extraction showed many advantages in comparison to the method of data extraction with regular expressions described earlier.Problems in programming 2020; 1: 25-3
Methods and tools for developing an information system for validation of non-formal learning outcomes
No full textThe publication describes methods and tools for development an information system (IS) for acceptance of the non-formal and informal learning results on base of computer ontologies. ESCO ontology of the multilingual skills classifier is used as a prototype of domain ontology that provides knowledge for developed IS. We propose the main stages of development of IS for validation of the results of non-formal learning that include creation of an ontology schema, process of integration of the obtained ontology into the RDF repository, development of application architecture and creation of user interface.The modern approaches to design and development of knowledge-oriented distributed applications intended for functioning in the open Web environment are analyzed, the existing methods and software tools for the presentation and analysis of knowledge and their suitability for solving the task are considered. We propose an innovative method of IS development based on the use of such elements of the Semantic Web project as ontologies, Web services and software agents.The paper describes the tools used in process of development of IS for validation of non-formal learning outcomes. In particular, we analyse Neo4j database management system serving the GraphDB database, the specifics of connectors and SPARQL requests to the data stored in the RDF repository and the tools used for web server creation. Comparison of PHP frameworks for web applications is performed in consideration of task requirements.Functional modeling of IS in order to determine its main functionalities is performed, and the DFD data flow diagrams of system are designed. The benefits of Laravel software are established on base of the analysis of such criteria as security, readiness to installation of plugins and libraries, support for the MVC (Model-View-Controller) concept. User interface is developed to ensure user dialogue with IS. Authers analyse software tools oriented on development of user interface and select React framework that works efficiently with all software tools selected for IS development on the previous stages of analysis. Problems in programming 2020; 2-3: 50-60
The impact of cloud services pricing on provider profit, consumer surplus, and social welfare
No full textThe providers of cloud solutions create rentals for computing power and disk space by means of the protected Internet-connections while their consumers pay only for the resources chosen with options of flexible scaling, assuming rather adequate substitution and development for their digital infrastructure without legal property rights for hardware or software. As a result, the users of cloud products get ready services, and their providers obtain the resources necessary for further development of their products. The work is devoted to computing the total gain of all participants in such a market at various pricing models.Problems in programming 2020; 2-3: 237-24