Harvester open publications of NAS Ukraine
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Representation of monadic effects in the non-monadic form
Get PDFModern programming relies heavily on effects systems. In the context of the development of programming languages, two approaches to understanding effects are distinguished: the first recognizes an effect as a characteristic of a program that affects the execution environment, separating it from a simple calculation (that is, effects are not taken into account in the system of language types, which is typical for imperative programming languages); the second considers an effect as an aspect of program interpretation that affects the process of its interpretation (such effects are considered in the type system as higher-order types, and this approach is characteristic of functional programming). In industrial programming, the first approach is preferred because of its efficiency in rapid development and less complex concepts. However, this leads to the loss of the possibility of automatic analysis of effects using type systems and increases the difficulty of finding errors. Monads are a convenient tool for describing effects because they have a built-in computation composition operation and can sink values into the monadic environment. A direct contextual representation of effects can be useful for application developers because it reduces cognitive load from syntactic noise while preserving information about effects in data types. This representation also allows for cross-platform applications that can use both monadic and non-monadic effect systems. The paper describes the ergonomic programming language interface for working with monadic effects, which encapsulates the logic of computation and associated non-computational operations in the effect system monad, and describes the direct context encoding technique. The translation of the direct context encoding into the monadic form is implemented in the form of a Scala compiler plugin, which is available as an open source. The use of conditional effects compilation to organize cross-platform interfaces that combine different methods of implementing effects on different platforms is also discussed.Prombles in programming 2024; 2-3: 116-123
Computer model of organization transformation
Get PDFThe article is devoted to the topical issue of creating a computer system to support management decisions regarding the optimization of the transformation processes of organizations when adapting to the conditions of the implementation of new projects. The purpose of the article is to increase the efficiency of large organizational structures by creating computer models that, on the one hand, have a sufficient level of adequacy, and on the other hand, have a visual interpretation of the main input parameters, which allows them to be easily determined on the basis of empirical data. A computer model in the form of a simulation model is considered as the basis of the management decision support system. In the work, the analysis of existing studies is performed, the relevance of the problem is substantiated. The analysis of existing exponential and linear models was performed. Reasoned adequacy of logistic models. The differential form of logistic models is considered. The ordinary differential equation of the logistic model is solved in order to obtain the integral form of the logistic equation. The parameters of the computer model are introduced, which are easy to determine numerically on the basis of empirical data. A mathematical model of the beneficial effect of the organization in the conditions of transformation was created, which establishes the dependence of the beneficial effect on the input resource (time). The model is created as a combination of several logistic dependencies, each of which is responsible for increasing or decreasing the beneficial effect. The model takes into account the dependences of the growth of the useful effect for the main and new technologies, the decrease of the useful effect as a result of the moral obsolescence of the technology, and the gradual decrease of the useful effect due to the directive shutdown of the old technology. The structure of the model allows its scaling to more complex development scenarios. The concept of the degree of insensitivity of the useful effect to small amounts of input resources at the initial stages of the organization's development is introduced. The dependence of the initial result on the degree of insensitivity was studied. The model was implemented using the MatLab algorithmic language.Prombles in programming 2024; 2-3: 84-91
Comparative analysis of height-based vegetation segmentation methods: evaluating efficiency and accuracy
No full textHeight-based vector vegetation segmentation is one of the critical aspects of spatial analysis. This segmented data is used in radio propagation modeling, environmental monitoring, and vegetation mapping. Many studies on vector vegetation segmentation focus on delineating individual tree crowns, allowing detailed data sets to be obtained. However, the high level of detail results in a substantial data volume, making it impractical to use these datasets over large areas, such as an entire country. Segmentation of large vector data sets remains a significant challenge in geospatial data creation. In our study, we developed three different segmentation methods: hexagon segmentation, convolution segmentation, and random points method. A test data fragment was processed to compare the proposed methods and accuracy and volume metrics were calculated.Prombles in programming 2024; 2-3: 313-31
Technology for harmonization of sociopsychophysiological climate in the family based on knowledge about biosocial culture of personality
Get PDFWe propose the computer-based technology of harmonization of SPF climate in a family as a quality index of interpersonality relations. The basis for this estimation is biosocial culture of individual, namely, the knowledge about person structure, his functional state and individual adaptive information space (IAIS). The technology includes the series of express diagnostic tests with computer-based interpretation and may be used to optimization of collectives of different level.Prombles in programming 2024; 2-3: 392-39
Scientific research digitalization: R&D workstation environment for the telerehabilitation medicine research domain
Get PDFThe digitalization of scientific research has advanced significantly with the use of information and communication technologies, especially in the physical and rehabilitation medicine and its telerehabilitation area. The hybrid cloud platform for telerehabilitation medicine is implemented as a component set of services (hospital information system for rehabilitation, dialog information and reference system MedRehabBot, prognostic and analytical system for assessing the effectiveness of the rehabilitation process and services for optimizing rehabilitation process models) that function using an ontology-driven service-oriented architecture. One of the important advantages of this type of architecture is the ability to support research design systems, where the process of designing the target architecture is accompanied by a research process. The paper considers the general functional architecture of the platform (and technical requirements for it) in the form of three interacting subsystems: medical rehabilitation, information and analytical, and telerehabilitation. The architectural and technological organization of the platform was developed using a model that implements the improved concept of the Research and Development Workstation Environment. The main practical achievement is the implementation and introduction of this architectural and technological organization of the platform, which opens up new opportunities for telerehabilitation in medicine.Prombles in programming 2024; 2-3: 400-40
Architectural framework for a United Blockchain Interaction Library
Get PDFThis research addresses the challenges posed by the fragmented nature of blockchain development tools, presenting a comprehensive exploration of the imperative need for a unified architecture. In response to the growing diversity of blockchain networks, a solution in the form of a unified library based on a versatile and interoperable interface that streamlines interactions across various blockchains is proposed. The current state of blockchain development tools, an overview of existing solutions, formulation of design principles, and functions of proposed unified library are provided. By mitigating the complexities associated with disparate tools, the research aims to enhance the accessibility and efficiency of blockchain development, encouraging collaboration and innovation within the blockchain community.Problems in programming 2024; 1: 86-9
Application of coevolution strategy to solve the problem of autonomous navigation trough the maze
Get PDFThis study explores the use of coevolutionary methods to address the challenge of navigating through complex mazes using autonomous agents controlled by artificial neural networks (ANNs). It underscores a critical impediment to algorithmic optimization: the close interdependence between the task's goal and the objective function used for optimal solution discovery. The task's goal is clear—identify the most efficient route through the maze. However, the objective function's formulation is more complex. In complex maze layouts, numerous deceptive areas may appear proximate to the exit but culminate in dead ends. Consequently, an elementary objective function that merely gauges the proximity to the exit can encounter numerous local optima within this deceptive search space, hindering the search for optimal solution. As maze complexity increases, such an objective function inevitably becomes ensnared in a local optimum, rendering the navigation issue unsolvable. To counteract this, the study proposes a coevolution strategy involving a population of decision-making agents and a population of objective function candidates. This approach diverges from prior research by incorporating the NEAT algorithm to steer the coevolution of both populations. Additionally, the Novelty Search (NS) method was suggested to optimize the search within the potential solution space, favoring the most novel solutions. The paper details the mathematical framework for crafting the objective function template, which integrates the novelty value of the discovered solution and its distance from the maze's exit. This framework serves as the foundation for defining the genomes of the organisms — candidates for the objective functions. For comparison with preceding works, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed coevolution method in resolving the problem of navigation within a complex maze environment.Prombles in programming 2024; 2-3: 263-27
Software framework for satellite spatial resolution enhancement
Get PDFRemote sensing provides many crucial data today. Thankfully to the ease of access, global coverage and short revisit time intervals it became possible to retrieve global Earth’s land coverage data effortlessly. This data can provide useful information of the Earth’s land cover current state to make necessary assessments, forecasts, and other tasks that can be in handy for humanity, governments or even farmers. One of the main characteristics of image data quality is its spatial resolution. Thus, spatial resolution enhancement is a relevant topic nowadays. In this article a generalized software framework for satellite spatial resolution enhancement is presented. Due to sensitivity to the satellite data distortion, the applied method considers fusion of several low-resolution images into a single super-resolved one. The proposed framework takes into account satellite data specificity, that is given in a corresponding section. The framework was described to be capable to operate with radar and optical data. For the radar data a corresponding module, that ensures applicability of the super-resolution approach, is given. The framework was implemented using, mainly, C/C++ programming language and tested on a series of real satellite images. The result was evaluated using the modulation transfer function (MTF) approach and has shown an increasement in 135.91% for threefold scale optical images spatial resolution enhancement and 30.93% for the twofold scale radar spatial resolution enhancement. Despite the given representability of the test image set, the presented approach can be beneficial for the tasks that may have a need of the satellite data with higher spatial resolution. The paper concludes with overview of the authors implementation of the given framework and highlighting its drawbacks with suggestions for improvement.Prombles in programming 2024; 2-3: 163-172
Діброва дендропарку “Олександрія”. Частина 2. Моделі занепаду діброви
No full textThe results of new studies of the old natural forest of the “Оlexandria” State Dendrological Park of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine are presented. Complexes of negative factors in different forest areas caused different degradation models. Episodic decline in the 1980s due to abnormal climatic conditions and defoliation of oaks by xylophages are explained by Thomas’s model of decline with further interference with Macháčová’s model of decline. Without weather anomalies, the decline followed Houston’s model on a significant part of the timber for a long time. It was a linear process in which healthy trees weakened due to random negative factors and died as a result of the subsequent action of secondary pathogens. Most of the forest declined over a long time, according to Manion’s model. The initiating factor of decline was artificial, caused by anthropogenic pollution in the western part of the forest and interference with the integrity and structure in the central part. The latter was the most harmful for the forest, and it caused a strong ecotonization of the forest with a massive loss of oaks in the ecotones. The destruction of timber due to anthropogenic intervention was linear and irreversible. Under the action of factors of a non-anthropogenic nature, the destruction of the forest could be suspended if the action of adverse factors could be terminated. The modern aridization of the climate caused a significant deterioration of the oak forest, increased the loss of oak trees, and varied the patterns of decline in its anthropogenically transformed areas
Problems associated with creating special software for simulating of human physiological responses to dynamic accelerations
Get PDFUnder extreme accelerations, human physiological mechanisms cannot provide adequate circulation. Special methods and devices protecting pilot’s brain and eye functionality have been proposed but their efficiency is individual and depends on pilot’s skills. Currently, the lonely technology to safely acquire and test the necessary skills is based on use of special centrifuges. However, lack of adequate data about physiological and biomechanical events are two main causes worsening the training results. Special computer simulators, capable to model and visualize the main mechanical and physiological effects occurring under dynamic accelerations, could increase the effectiveness of future pilot’s training process. This publication aims to define fundamental problems concerned with creating the required software. There exist two main groups of problems. The first group is concerned with the necessity to create basic mathematical models quantitatively describing both the physiological events and effects induced by protective maneuvers. Here special logical procedures, individualizing the basic physiological models, have to be proposed. The second group of problems is predominantly technical and associated with the necessity of special user interface (SUI) development. SUI must be subdivided into two functional sections – one for preparing a single computer experiment (simulation), and another – for analyzing the results of simulation. An experiment preparation includes the following events: i) a preliminary tuning of models according to biometrical data; ii) a setting of acceleration profile; iii) a choosing of protective algorithms and tools (or without protections); iv) a choosing of forms for results storage. Graphs presenting the dynamics of input and output variables are the main forms while the table forms are also included. The user (trainer or trainee) will be able to retrieve from the memory graphs of previous simulations to compare the effectiveness of additional protective elements. The software must be autonomic for the Windows platform.Prombles in programming 2024; 1: 30-3