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Semantization of WIKI resources: tools, advantages and implementation specifics
Get PDFProposed article analyses advantages provided by the semantization of wiki resources and the problems that need in solving for its practical implementation. We considere basic functional components of semantic search and specify this umbrella term for wiki technologies. Such search is grounded on structured queries that use semantic properties of information objects represented into wiki resources and possibilities of search language that states such queries. The criteria for evaluating search languages and means of semantic structuring of resource content are analyzed. We define additional opportunities that the use of the Semantic MediaWiki plug-in provides for the oresources built on the MediaWiki technological platform. The expressive possibilities provided by Semantic MediaWiki for building semantic queries are considered, the main components of such queries and their purpose are determined. Semantization of already existing wiki resources differs from the development of semantic ones, and we compare main steps of these processes and specifics of use the ontological model in them. This model provides an unambiguous interpretation of the relations between typical information objects represented into the resource, their properties and restrictions. Proposed approaches to semantization are tested on three independent information resources of different types that use the wiki technological platform for collaborative processing of distributed data and knowledge. They can be useful for making decisions about the expediency of semantization of information resources with different scope and purposes and for determining the most effective ways of implementing the chosen solution. We use the experience of developing the knowledge base of the wiki-based portal version of the Great Ukrainian Encyclopedia e-VUE that has a large volume, a complex structure and contains a large number of various heterogeneous information objects.Prombles in programming 2024; 2-3: 434-44
Developing a conceptual framework for resilience in information systems
No full textThis study focuses on the development of a conceptual framework that delineates the resilience of information systems through the analysis of their key operational stages in the context of countering prevalent threats. These stages encompass preliminary security measures, active counteraction against threats, as well as strategies for adaptation and recovery following security breaches. The realization of this objective necessitates the identification and formulation of fundamental goals and objectives associated with resilience, which play a crucial role in the neutralization of potential threats and significantly influence risk management policies, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive analysis of the key functions of organizations. Throughout the research, special attention was devoted to the creation of models for resilient and non-resilient behavioral scenarios of systems and their responses to threats. The employment of the delta function facilitated a detailed examination of the stages of resilient response to threats, including the processes of adaptation and subsequent recovery. The work contributes significantly to the field of information security, presenting a multifaceted approach to advancing the resilience of information systems.Prombles in programming 2024; 1: 96-102
Automatic development of deep neural networks for improving numerical meteorological forecast
No full textThis paper briefly describes the examples of deep learning applications to scientific and technical problems, as well as the difficulties that may arise with these applications. The paper shows the importance of the automatic development of deep neural networks. The paper verifies the possibility of the application of the neuroevolutionary approach to the post-processing of the results of meteorological forecasting (2m temperature) obtained using numerical hydrodynamic methods. The results show that in half of the cases, both the rootmean-square error value and the percentage of improved predictions are better (and in some cases much better) for the neuroevolutionary approach than the corresponding values for the manually designed architecture. Thus, neural network models obtained automatically can outperform manually designed models while applied to improving numerical meteorological forecastsPrombles in programming 2024; 1: 57-6
Research specialties’ kinship level identification based on data from Dimensions
No full textKnowledge about research specialties’ kinship level is needed for solving such problems as: improving current research classification system; detecting similar scientific and educational institutions to set up cooperative relations or perform their reorganization; automatic reviewer assignment for peer reviewing PhD-thesis, papers, grant proposals etc. In this paper research specialties’ kinship level is identified according to Australian and New Zealand standard research classification ANZC-RC-2020. The identification is done using information system Dimensions by analyzing 33.8 million publications for 2019-2023. The level of kinship is assessed by Jaccard index as the ratio of two specialties common publications’ number to the total number of publications in these specialties. It is found, that from 14535 possible pairs of specialties only 131 pairs have significant kinship with Jaccard index greater than 0.05. For 20 pairs among them the kinship level is high, and for 61 pairs – average.Prombles in programming 2024; 1: 77-8
Епіфітні мохові угруповання дендропарку “Олександрія” НАН України
No full textThe article presents the results of research on epiphytic bryophyte communities of the Dendrological Park “Olexandria”. The study was conducted in the historical part of the arboretum in 2021. Among the investigated phorophytes were the following tree species: Acer platanoides, A. pseudoplatanus, Betula pendula, Carpinus betulus, Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus robur, Populus sp., Salix babylonica, and some others.The research results showed that the epiphytic bryophyte vegetation of the historical part of the Dendrological Park “Olexandria” is represented by two unranked communities and 11 associations belonging to six unions, four orders, and three classes. The most widespread in the arboretum are the associations Dicrano scoparii-Hypnetum filiformis, Platygyrietum repentis, Leskeetum polycarpae, and the rankless community Leucodon sciuroides of the class Frullanio dilatatae-Leucodontetea sciuroidis.It is shown that in terms of the number of detected bryophyte associations, the Dendrological Park “Olexandria” is similar to the National Nature Park “Homilsha Woods”, which is located in the Kharkiv region (hosts 11 reported associations) and the Nature Reserve “Kanivskyi” in the Cherkasy region (12 reported associations). However, it is poorer than the National Nature Park “Holosiivskyi” in Kyiv, where 16 bryoassociations were registered
Modeling of heat transfer processes on hybrid architecture computers
Get PDFThe paper is devoted to the development of methods and algorithms for computer simulation of heat transfer processes, which play a significant role in the field of continuum mechanics. Finding the temperature fields during welding to determine the kinetics of temperature stresses and deformations helps to increase the technological and operational indicators of welded structures. This paper proposes a method of determining temperature fields during welding of thin-sheet elements of structures. This paper proposes a method of determining temperature fields during welding of thin-sheet elements of structures. A non-stationary thermal problem was obtained as a result of the simulation of the heat transfer process, taking into account the nonuniformity of the heating of the welded elements during the welding process. A discrete problem was obtained for the numerical solution of this problem by the finite element method – a first-order system of ordinary differential equations, that is, the Cauchy problem. This paper proposes a high-performance fourthorder Runge-Kutta computer algorithm for solving the Cauchy problem. The algorithm is developed for modern supercomputers built on new multi-core processors. The proposed algorithm is based on a multilevel model of parallel computing. At the upper level of parallelism, calculations performs in form of parallel processes, memory is distributed between them, also ensures synchronization of calculations and information exchanges. Parallelization at this level is expedient to be carried out by means of MPI. At the second level of parallelism, calculations performs using OpenMP directives or Intel MKL library software modules using shared memory. The third level of parallelism involves data processing with vector arithmetic and logic devices, which are included in the program automatically with the help of the compiler. The developed algorithm was tested on solving the problem of determining the temperature field, which arises during the study of the life cycle of welded structures. Such calculations are used, in particular, in the problem of determining the kinetics of temperature deformations and stresses during welding of thin plates. Some results of testing the proposed method and the developed algorithm on the SKIT supercomputer of the V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine are presented.Prombles in programming 2024; 2-3: 78-83
Development of the local navigation algorithm of the agricultural UAVS flock during swarm movement
Get PDFEvery year, the scope of unmanned aerial vehicles use is growing, and the amount of such applications is expanding. To enhance efficiency, the focus of development is shifting from individual unmanned aerial vehicles to utilizing swarms for various applications such as agricultural surveys, irrigation, etc. The purpose of this work is to develop an algorithm for building a local positioning system for a swarm of unmanned aerial vehicles to maintain a stable structure during the swarm movement while performing its tasks in two-dimensional and three-dimensional settings. At the same time, it should be assumed that the swarm is controlled by one operator, regardless of the number of swarm elements. An additional limitation of the developed algorithm should be the prevention of potential collisions of unmanned aerial vehicles during aerial maneuvers. As part of the work, the task of forming and maintaining the structure and configuration of an agricultural unmanned aerial vehicles flock in two-dimensional and three-dimensional settings was set. The formalization of the given task has been completed. Considered possible methods of mapping the graph formed by an unmanned aerial vehicles swarm into two-dimensional Euclidean space by the forming a basic triangle method to create a relative coordinate system. To determine the coordinates of the remaining graph vertices on the plane and correspondingly increase the accuracy of local positioning, the multilateration method is used. Considered simplified options – application of the trilateration and triangulation algorithms. For the problem in a three-dimensional setting, the possibility of applying the multidimensional scaling algorithm using the methods of multidimensional scaling/reduction of dimensions is considered. The developed practical implementation of the created algorithm showed its efficiency during practical experiments, allowing to determine the local positioning of elements of a swarm containing from three to twenty elements.Prombles in programming 2024; 2-3: 155-16
Перший прогрес у виділенні та ампліфікації ДНК з матеріалу, що зберігається у гербарії LWS
No full textThe isolation of DNA from the herbarium specimens deposited at the LWS herbarium (State Museum of Natural History of the NAS of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine) has been tested using the column-based protocol. The isolated DNA has been amplified using different nuclear and plastid primers. The yield of obtained total DNA showed no significant dependence from the year of collection and plant family of studied specimens. In general, the obtained DNA of LWS specimens had medium yield (mean – 56.47 ng/µL) but relatively low purity (mean 260/230 value – 0.85 units and mean 260/280 value – 1.66 units). The success of DNA amplification for old herbarium material varied from 12.5 % to 91.1 % depending on applied primers. The trnL P6 Loop primers demonstrated the best performance (91.1 % successful amplification), but due to short resulted DNA fragments, it was not possible to purify the product for further processing. UniPlant primers performed the worst, and only 12.5 % of samples taken from the LWS herbarium (excluding controls) were successfully amplified. In general, nuclear primers, except for UniPlant, demonstrated a better success rate (mean – 31.5 %) during the work with samples taken from the LWS herbarium. Meanwhile, the plastid primers, except for trnL P6 Loop, showed slightly lower amplification success (mean – 26.8 %)
Морфологічні типи плодів у базальних покритонасінних рослин флори України
No full textBasal angiosperms is a paraphyletic group of plants before branching eudicots and monocots. This group of angiosperms is of great scientific interest because it is the most ancient representative of the flowering plants retained for today. In Ukraine, both ANA-grade and magnoliids are presented. The species diversity of basal angiosperms is about half a percent of the flora of vascular plants of Ukraine, which caused a low research activity on this subject. The objectives of the present study were to elucidate the morphological diversity of fruits within basal angiosperms inhabiting Ukraine and estimate their evolutionary level and adaptations. The morphological diversity of fruit, according to our concept, comprises the structure of the gynoecium, ovary insertion, placentation, ovule number (pre-anthetic features), as well as principal fruit type and morphological adaptations for dispersal (post-anthetic features). The principal fruit types were distinguished according to the principles established previously for classifying fruits of monocots and rosids of the flora of Ukraine. Within the basal angiosperms of the flora of Ukraine, four principal fruit types were established: aggregate fruit, capsule, berry, and one-seeded fruit. Among them, the aggregate fruits are the most numerous. In Nymphaeaceae and Aristolochiaceae, which belong to the native flora of Ukraine, fruits are syncarpous, multi-seeded and inferior, while in the families cultivated in Ukraine (Annonaceae, Magnoliaceae, Calycanthaceae, Schisandraceae, and Lauraceae) fruits are apocarpous, superior and often have low seed number in a carpel. Each family has peculiar gynoecium and fruit features, which can be advanced as well as ancestral. In this article, the carpological spectrum was created to reveal the distribution of principal fruit types in families, genera, and species of the basal angiosperms of the flora of Ukraine. In these spectra, aggregate fruits are the most numerous; however, they occur in families of cultivated flora only. Most species have adaptation for dispersal by animals (birds or ants). The conclusion was made that in the native flora of Ukraine, the most derived members of basal angiosperms are retained
An intelligent chatbot for evaluating the emotional colouring of a message and responding accordingly
Get PDFA recurrent neural network model, a database designed for neural network training, and a software tool for interacting with a bot have all been created. A large dataset (50 thousand comments) containing different reviews and sentiments was collected and annotated to successfully train and validate the model. It was also translated into Ukrainian language with the help of an automatic translator. The architecture of the neural network model underwent optimization to enhance classification outcomes. Furthermore, work was conducted on enhancing the user interface. The developed application was tested, and the results were demonstrated. The resulting model demonstrated accuracy 85% in determining sentiments. The implemented application has got basic design (which can be customized) and some settings for chatbot. Further improvement of the model’s classification quality can be achieved by collecting a larger and better organised dataset or by researching other RNN architectures.Problems in programming 2024; 1: 23-2