Harvester open publications of NAS Ukraine
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Routing technology based on virtualization software-defined networking concept
Get PDFOne of the main characteristics of the digital revolution is the acceleration of change. The technologies that have fueled the digital revolution over the past decades are experiencing increasingly rapid innovation cycles. For today, a substantial growth of amount of users, devices, applications and traffic has presented new challenges to service providers. The SDN paradigm emerged to address some of these emerging challenges. SDN simplifies network management and allows automated network configuration on demand with optimal use of network resources. The work is devoted to the present networks research and the identification of opportunities for the implementation of virtualization of network functions in the context of SDN and NFV concepts. Because these are two new technological trends that are transforming network management. Together, they simplify the provisioning of network resources and provide greater network flexibility.Prombles in programming 2024; 2-3: 343-35
Design methodology of multimedia applications for gaming engines with a component-oriented architectural stile
Get PDFThe article presents the methodology of designing multimedia applications for game engines with a componentoriented architectural style. The work emphasizes the importance of choosing the appropriate architectural pattern, taking into account the features of modern game engines such as Unity, Unreal Engine and Godot Engine. The key problems and challenges associated with the design of flexible and scalable architectures are indicated. The life cycle model of the user interaction session with the application is described, which includes three main stages: Bootstrap, GameLoop and Dispose. The importance of controlling transient processes between life cycle states to ensure the correct functioning of the application is shown. For a better organization of the interaction of services, the mathematical apparatus of the theory of categories and sets is applied, which allows you to clearly define and manage dependencies and relationships between components. The advantages of using category theory for modeling and managing data flows and dependencies in the system, in particular through functors and monads, are described. These approaches enable the creation of adaptive and scalable systems that are easy to maintain and extend. The work contains practical recommendations for designing the architecture of game applications, taking into account the specifics of component-oriented and service-oriented architectural styles. The need for regular review and updating of the project architecture in accordance with changes in requirements and operating conditions is substantiated. A methodology is proposed, which is a theoretical basis for the development of flexible architectures of multimedia applications. It takes into account the specifics of component-oriented and service-oriented architectural styles, as well as the peculiarities of the functioning of game engines. Examples of the practical application of the proposed theoretical approaches in real projects are also considered in the work, which demonstrates their effectiveness and applicability in various contexts of game application development. These examples include concrete implementations of patterns, state management using the State Machine, and optimizing interaction between components through Service Locator and Dependency Injection.Prombles in programming 2024; 2-3: 92-9
Architecture metrics: a servey of the potential to improve softwar
Get PDFSoftware development hinges on well-crafted architecture, a foundational phase that influences the entire system. This study investigates using architectural design metrics, which quantify various aspects of architecture. We conducted a systematic mapping study, analysing existing literature to understand how these metrics are currently employed. Our findings reveal a limited yet promising landscape. Metrics exist to assess design stability, understandability, modularity, and security. Notably, several studies explore gauging the "option-generation ability" of an architecture and its potential to generate different design choices. However, a gap exists in directly using these metrics for fault prediction. Existing research primarily focuses on the "reverse" effect, where metrics from later development stages (like code) are used to identify architectural issues. Overall, this study highlights the underutilised potential of architectural design metrics. While current research demonstrates the effectiveness of a relatively simple set of metrics for various purposes, further exploration is warranted. Future efforts should delve into data accumulation and investigate models for using these metrics for predictive purposes, ultimately enhancing software quality and development processes.Problems in programming 2024; 2-3: 99-10
The method of requirements prioritization in software engineering
Get PDFIn software development processes, requirements prioritization plays a key role. Proper gathering of requirements and their objective prioritization can ensure a sequential and effective development of a software project. With the increasing complexity of software, which is a characteristic of today, problems related to defining requirements also increase. It becomes increasingly challenging to identify the most important and essential requirements in a stream of wishes and recommendations, determining what should be the starting point of development and where the most attention should be focused. The task of requirements prioritization is multi-criterial and poses significant cognitive loads. Most researchers and professionals suggest expert methods for decision-making in such environments, which to some extent help solve the tasks at hand. However, among the known requirements prioritization methods, practically all involve qualitative descriptive analysis based on brainstorming techniques. At the same time, in the modern conditions of digitalization, providing decision support based on a comprehensive presentation of the information model of the subject area and processing through information technologies for quantitative assessment of alternatives is more promising. Another important capability of modern technologies is visualization of decision-making processes. Thus, this work explores a comprehensive prioritization method that involves a full presentation of the information picture of the subject area, including in the form of computer ontologies, applying a quantitative AHP method for comparing requirements, and visualized data in gra phs for considering alternatives. Additional use of a modified SWOT matrix allows for the disaggregation of requirements into their individual characteristics and consideration of their advantages for problem evaluation. The existence of such tools and the capabilities of information technologies confirm the effectiveness and stability of the proposed method.Problems in programming 2024; 2-3: 132-13
Machine vision systems for detection of fast-moving objects in low visibility conditions
Get PDFMachine vision technology for the detection of fast moving objects in low visibility conditions requires a more careful approach to the optical system, image processing tools, cameras based on a silicon and indium gallium arsenide focal plane matrix in the infrared range, which take into account the magnitude and variation of atmospheric brightness, ground illumination and evaluation of sensitivity and cameras in the terahertz range. Since the main focus is on aerial objects that have low visibility, especially in the dark, the use of infrared cameras has become the standard. The movement of the object, the shortcomings of the optical system create additional difficulties when processing the effects of interference, thermal noise of cameras, respectively, the volume and time of calculations increases, which play a key role in real-time systems for detecting and tracking moving targets. In order to take into account the spectral characteristics of cameras and the influence of external factors, neural networks with deep learning are applied with the maximum use of image processing packages.Prombles in programming 2024; 2-3: 207-21
Method for political propaganda detection in internet content using neural network natural language processing tools
Get PDFThe automation of propaganda detection processes in textual Internet content using natura l language processing is extremely relevant in modern conditions and can provide fast and well-timed targeted detection of hostile manipulative influence in largescale amounts of Internet content. The paper proposes a method of automated propaganda detection that operates in the Ukrainian language. The method for detecting political propaganda in Internet content using neural network natural language processing tools is intended to identify and analyze potentially propagandistic or manipulative content spread on the Internet. The input data of the method is an ensemble of trained models of recurrent neural networks with tokenizers and a text message for analysis. The output data are the level and percentage of propaganda presence for each neural network model of ensemble and in general. To examine the effectiveness of developed method for detecting political propaganda in textual Internet content using natural language processing, which includes the ensemble use of recurrent neural network models of the BiLSTM and GRU architectures, a software implementation of the method was created using Python. The software implementation allows training neural network models and using them to detect political propaganda in textual Internet content. The training data set in Ukrainian was prepared. The test training of an ensemble of classifiers based on the BiLSTM and GRU neural network architectures was conducted. The proposed approach is capable of detecting political propaganda by an ensemble of RNN models with Acuracy 0.97, Precision 0.973, Recall 0.981, and F1 0.976 in the discrete approach (bagging), and Acuracy 0.95, Precision 0.977, Recall 0.987, and F1 0.981 in the binary approach (stacking). The developed method has a limitation: it works with text posts from 200 to 6300 characters long. For shorter and longer texts, performance degradation is observed.Prombles in programming 2024; 2-3: 288-29
Low frequency signal classification using clustering methods
No full textThe article considers the problem of low frequency signal classification, as sound or vibration pattern footprints may describe types of objects very well. In cases of a priori absence of object signal pattern information, the unsupervised learning methods based on clustering looks good enough for classification, and outperform neural net-based methods in case of limited power envelope. We have used big real-world sound and vibration data set to check several clustering methods (K-Means, OPTICS) for classification without any a priori data and have got good enough results. The article considers data set preparations including primary signal processing and the parameters to select appropriate clustering algorithms, which depends on input data shape. There are several examples of data classification, also cascaded methods for data set improvement are considered. Finally, we provide a good and practical guide for exploring low frequency signals using clustering methods, which can be used for real world observations and analysis for open space and inside buildings.Prombles in programming 2024; 1: 48-5
Тестування кольорових еталонних мішеней для цілей оцифрування гербарію
No full textThe current paper represents the continuation of the testing of the budget photosystems for herbarium digitization and aims to demonstrate the color reproduction accuracy besides other colorimetric characteristics of five color reference targets. It was shown that cheap color reference targets of Charttu can be applied for digitization purposes, at least in the brand-new condition. However, the color degradation of Charttu targets during use should still be evaluated. At the same time, the color accuracy of the X-Rite Color Checker Classic Mini was found to be highly degraded after several years of careful and non-intensive use. The Golden Thread Object Level target was found to be the best solution for herbarium digitization and the most resistant to color degradation, even in intensive and long use
Embedding a family of logic languages with custom monadic unification in Scala
No full textThe paper proposes a framework for embedding logic programming and constraint programming methods in Scala by building a logical object-oriented language around the unification of typed logic based on monads. Two types of API are considered — high-level for language embeddings and low-level for organization of the bidirectional flow of data during the execution of logic programs. Differences in the capabilities of logical mechanisms can be expressed as subclasses of the class of unification monad types. This design makes it possible to share the implementation of custom unification between different frameworks and to use other languages’ embeddings in Scala from the declarative side. The monadic API provides the application developer with a simple and intuitive tool to implement custom logic within the unification. Our frameworks provide a clear representation of logical deduction: Scala code is only used for ad hoc unification. But the overall goal execution is an external interpretation that can implement different strategies. This design provides modularity and good integration with the rest of the ecosystem.Prombles in programming 2024; 1: 3-1
Programming of one-dimansional and two-dimensional tokens for tokenization of land plots
Get PDFThe use of blockchain tools that allows spliting virtual objects into parts is considered. Examples of practical use of the developed algorithms are presented. The concept of one-dimensional and two-dimensional tokens representing one-dimensional and flat objects is proposed. Algorithms for the implementation of one-dimensional tokens are developed, and the peculiarities of their practical application are considered. A designed smart contract allows to conduct a basic list of operations with one-dimensional tokens. Algorithms, providing implementation of two-dimensional tokens, are proposed. Peculiarities of presenting territories of virtual worlds and land plots are suggested. A comparative analysis of the use of NFT and two-dimensional tokens for presenting the Earth surface areas is performed. Methods that ensure ownership of tokens at different levels are proposed.Prombles in programming 2024; 1: 38-4