Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research
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Microbial Communities of Culture Water and African Catfish Reared in Different Aquaculture Systems in Nigeria Analyzed Using Culture Dependent Techniques
No full textThe microbial communities of culture water and catfish C. gariepinus from three replicates of earthen, concrete and tarpaulin ponds in Nigeria were analyzed. Waters was collected from 25 cm below pond water surface per culture system. Three catfish per replicate system were also collected and analyzed in the lab. Catfish gut, skin and gills were analyzed. Earthen ponds had significantly more diverse microbial community and coliform forming units (CFU/ml) 2.43 x10-4 CFU/ml than the rest systems. Earthen ponds had consortium of Klebsiella pneumonia, S. aureus and Salmonella enteritidis and E. coli, which was more diverse than all other aquaculture systems. Microbiota of tarpaulin ponds was 2.10x10-4 /ml CFU and this was significantly (P<0.05) higher than concrete ponds (1.50x10-4 CFU/ml). Tarpaulin ponds had K. pneumoniae and E. coli, while concrete pond had S. aureus and S. enteritidis. Biofilm formation could have lead to colonization of the fish body part. The skin and gills had similar microbiota as the culture water compared to the gut. The gut microbial communities were not synonymous with the culture water
Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Fish Species Caught by Cast Net in New Calabar River, Nigeria
No full textThe length -weight relationship and condition factor (K) of fish species caught by cast net were studied from three stations in the New Calabar River, Rivers State, Nigeria. A total of 1541 specimens of 26 fish species and representing 11 families were randomly collected using cast net with mesh sizes of 1.5 and 2.5 cm. Sample sizes of the different fish species examined in this study ranged from 8.79±0.25 cm (Caranx hippos specie) to 31.48±4.93 cm (Sphyraena barracuda specie) in total length and 15.45±0.40 g (Elops lacerta) to 156.00±39.30 g (Pelmatolapia mariae) in weight. The entire length-weight data in all the three stations were pooled together and the calculated correlation coefficient showed a high positive correlation (1.00) between length and weight of all the fish species except in Caranx hippos (0.18) with low positive correlation. The b value obtained ranged from 2.13 for Ethmalosa fimbriata with negative allomerty to 3.53 for Pelmatolapia mariae with positive allometry. By negative allometry (b < 3), the fish is said to be lighter for its length as it grows and (b>3), the fish gains weight as it grows. The mean condition factor ranged from 0.36 ± 0.03 recorded for Sphyraena barracuda to 2.20 ± 0.02 for Coptodon guineensis and Coptodon zillii. Apart from Sphyraena barracuda general wellbeing of all the fish species were found to be good, as indicated by the values of condition factor, which were nearer to or greater than 1. The results of the present study will provide an effective tool for further studies of population dynamics and stock assessment studies in the study area
Implications of Seagrass Ecosystem Degradation on Marine Resources and People’s Livelihood: A Case Study from Komave Village, Fiji
No full textTropical coastal zones have rich marine ecosystems; however, they have been enduring severe environmental hazards, particularly from anthropogenic activity and the effects of climate change. Seagrass ecosystem is one of the most productive yet undervalued marine ecosystems. The residents of Komave village, located on the mainland of Fiji have witnessed marked losses in seagrass cover over the last decade. Several of the village men in Komave are unemployed and rely on the coastal resources through fishing, livestock and agricultural farming for their socioeconomic livelihood. This research explores the impact of loss of seagrass cover on the villagers’ livelihood. This paper highlights the observations and experiences of the Komave villagers, in light of the interviews and discussions carried out at the community. A random sampling method was also used over a period of two years (March, 2015 – April, 2017) to monitor the seagrass habitat. The possible anthropogenic and natural factors contributing to the loss of Seagrass were gotten from the interviews and sampling physical environment. The nitrate content analysed from the random samples, reported values from 190 mg/L to a maximum value of 362.8 mg/L. It was also revealed that the areas where nitrate concentrations were greater than 300 mg/L, there was 0% sea grass cover in total, which confirms that if high levels of nitrates are present, sea grass cover is highly impacted. This paper concludes by providing recommendations for managing seagrass to enhance fisheries productivity in this tropical coastal community
Fish Species Composition and Morphological Descriptions of Five Dominant Families from Inland Waters of Kebbi State-Nigeria
No full textA study was conducted on fish species composition and morphological features of five dominant fish families from the inland waters of Kebbi state, Nigeria between January and December 2017. Three major fishing communities (Argungu, Sabiyel and Yauri) were selected for the study. Fish samples were qualitatively collected from the commercial landings of the fishermen using gill nets. The analysis of the distribution of fish species were analyzed using Microsoft Excel software In total 18 fish species belonging to 10 families were identified from the inland waters of Kebbi state. Viz: Bagridae, Cichlidae, Claridae, Mormyridae, Citharacidae, Characidae, Mochokidae, Melaptaruridae, Schilbeidae and Cyprinidae. Among the 10 identified families, Bagridae (22.22%) and Mormyridae (16.66%) which accounted for four and three species respectively, were the most dominant families
Plankton Community Structure and Its Relationship with Minerals Profiles in Minapadi Area, Talagasari Village, Kadungora Garut Regency
No full textMinapadi is an integration of rice cultivation with fish breeding in one location. This research was conducted in the village of Talagasari, District Garut Kadungora because this area is thought to have nutrient elements in the form of specific micro and macro minerals that are good for agriculture and fisheries. Planktons are microscopic organisms that form an important link in the life of aquatic organisms. This research aimeds to analyze the quality of water, mineral composition and its effects on plankton community structure in minapadi. The research method used was purposive sampling. Plankton relationship with water quality and dissolved minerals were analyzed using a Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Sampling was done 6 times in the period May 20 - July 25, 2018. Research shows that there are 31 orders of plankton consisting of 26 orders of phytoplankton and 5 order of zooplankton. Phytoplankton diversity index and dominance over their respective research ranged from 0,5149 to 0,8797 and 0,1203 to 0,4851, while for zooplankton from 0 to 0,8 and from 0,2 to 0,1. The water quality parameters measured primarily by temperature, DO, pH, nitrates, phosphates, ammonia qualify recommended PP 82 2001, third class. There is a concentration of dissolved minerals that exceeds the normal condition nitrates, phosphates, ammonia qualify recommended PP 82 2001, third class. There is a concentration of dissolved mineral exceeds the normal condition K, S, Si, Ca, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Cl, which led to the dominance of the phylum Euglenophyta, Bacillariophyta, and arthropods
Value Chain Analysis of Artisanal Fishing in Ilaje Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria
No full textTo bridge the demand supply gap in the Nigerian fishing industry, the value chain analyses in artisanal fishing in the coastal area of Ondo States were investigated.
Primary data was used in the study. Purposive sampling technique was used to select four fishing communities in Ilaje local government, where 35 (fishermen, processors and marketers) were each selected randomly from the communities. Data were analyzed using Descriptive Statistics and Gross Margin Analysis.
The socioeconomic characteristic indicated that 68.6% of the fishermen, 77.2% processors and 65.7% marketers were less than 50 years of age. Result revealed that all the fishermen were male, 91.2 % processors and 97.10% marketers were female. 62.9% of the fishermen have household greater than 4, the processors has 54.3% household size above 4 and 60% of the marketers have household size above 4. 94.3% of the fishermen have one form of education or the other, 77.1% of the processors have one form of education or the other and 65.7% of the marketers were also educated. All the marketers are into one association or the other. Budgeting analysis indicated positive margin by the two categories of marketers was ₦300.54 and ₦1,866.00 per basket respectively, a net return of 1.04 and 1.30 respectively. Processors had a positive gross margin of ₦43.871.54 and a net return of 1.12. Most influential actor is the marketer
Assessment of Fish Farming in Plateau State, North Central Nigeria
No full textWorld leaders are making concerted effort to tackle the menace of food insecurity brought about by upsurge in human population, climate change and displacement of farming communities due to civil unrest in some part of the world. This study was undertaken to assess the current status of fish farming in Plateau State and suggest possible ways of ameliorating any observed challenges for increased fish production. The study evaluated the challenges affecting fish farming in the study area.
Structured interview schedule questionnaire were used in sourcing information from nine (9) local government areas in the state. Ninety (90) fish farmers were randomly selected from the nine (9) local governments areas each drawn from the three Agricultural zones of the State. Data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics.
The findings revealed that majority of the fish farmers 70% were males and between the ages of 21-30 years.
The study also revealed that the major constraints affecting increased level of output in the study area were high cost of inputs (feeds), poor marketing channels, inadequate finance, inadequate access to credit facilities, and poor extension services.
Fish farming in the study area is however, profitable as majority of the farmers made a gross profit margin of above # 501,000.00 per annum.
The study recommends that fish hatcheries and feed mill should be established in the study area and that single digit credit facilities should be granted to interested fish farmers. Also extension services with respect to fish farming should be increased in the study area. A good quality fish market should also be established in the study area to assist the farmers in marketing their produce in order to optimise profit
Capture Process of White Pomfret (Pampus argenteus) on Gillnet: A Case Study of Pangandaran Regency, Indonesia
No full textGillnet is a wall of netting that hangs in the water column, typically made of monofilament or multifilament nylon, had the same size and usually used by fisherman in Pangandaran. This research aims to see the capture process of white pomfret (Pampus argenteus) on gillnet in Pangandaran Regency. This research was conducted in August 2018 and January 2019 in Pangandaran. The data used in this research are primary data consisting of the proportion of catches and capture process, whereas secondary data obtained from Dinas Perikanan Pangandaran. The results of this research show that the quantity and weight proportion of main catch > bycatch and captured process of white pomfret dominated by wedged by 94% and the lowest is gilled by 6%
Assessment of Some Heavy Metal Content of Dried Crayfish Sold in Creek Road Market, Borokiri, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
No full textHeavy metals are elements that contaminate seafood and make them harmful to human health when present in quantities that are higher than the permissible limit. This study was conducted to determine some heavy metals such as lead and mercury contained in dried crayfish gotten from three different locations (Oron, Ataba and Nembe town in Akwa Ibom, Rivers and Bayelsa State respectively) and sold in the Creek Road Market, Borokiri, Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The dried crayfish samples were purchased randomly from marketers in the market. 5g of the dried crayfish samples with its different organs (Gills, muscle tissues) were ground into powdered form and digested with HNO3 using standard procedures and analysed for lead and mercury using the micro plasma atomic emission spectrophotometric analyser. The results showed that Lead content in the dried crayfish from Oron, Ataba and Nembe were 0.140 ± 0.014 mg/kg, 0.040 ± 0.014 mg/kg and 0.016 ± 0.002 mg/kg respectively while for Mercury content, Oron crayfish contained 5.136 ± 0.017 mg/kg, Ataba 3.744 ± 0.017 mg/kg and Nembe 3.948 ± 0.023mg/kg. The mean values in the three different crayfish samples were significantly different (p<0.05). This result shows that the lead content present in the dried crayfish are within the permissible limit of 1 mg/kg as indicated by FAO hence safe for consumption purposes with no expected form of toxicity and health implication to consumers whereas for mercury content, the level was found to be above the permissible limit
Water Quality in the Cultivation of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in the Aquaponic Biofloc System
No full textAims: Water quality is one of them being an important role in terms of cultivation. Good water quality can support growth productivity in aquaculture. This is also of great concern when the rest of fish metabolism results that can contaminate fish contained in the maintenance media and if water is changed every day, water carrying toxins can pollute the area around the cultivation. One of the first steps to reduce the toxic content found in the maintenance media and the area around cultivation is to use aquaponic cultivation using biofloc. It is also expected to minimize the toxin content in maintenance media. This research aims to determine the comparison of the polyculture stocking density of sangkuriang catfish and nile tilapia which results in water quality that supports fish productivity.
Study Design: The research was conducted experimentally.
Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out for 40 days between March 2019 - April 2019 in the Ciparanje Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran.
Methodology: The method used in this research is experimental using a completely randomized design (CRD), consisting of 5 treatments with 3 replications. The treatments to be given are dense stocking variations with the following treatments: A(75 catfish:75 tilapia), B(100 catfish:50 tilapia), C(125 catfish:25 tilapia), D(150 catfish), E(150 tilapia).
Results: Water Quality Measured During The Study Namely, DO, Temperature, Ph, Nitrite, Nitrate And Ammonia Are Still In The Threshold For The Growth Of Test Animals During Maintenance.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the quality of water in maintenance media using aquaponics biofloc gives good water quality values on maintenance media and is still within the threshold for the growth of catfish and tilapia