Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research
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Effectiveness of Urea Fertilizer with Different Concentrations on T. chuii Culture on Laboratory Conditions
No full textT. chuii is a species of phytoplankton that has a high nutritional content, namely 70,287% protein, 0,795% lipid and 2.180% carbohydrate. The objective of this study was to determine the best concentration of urea fertilizer on the density of T. chuii cells on a laboratory scale. The research method used in this research was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments with 4 replications. The treatments in this study consisted of treatment A, namely KW21 fertilizer 1 ml/L (control), treatments B, C and D using Urea fertilizer 30 mg/L, 45 mg/L, 60 mg/L with a concentration of ZA 40 mg/L and TSP 5 mg/L. the observations were conducted for 24 hours. Parameters observed included population density of T. chuii, growth rate, generation time and air quality. The findings of the study showed that treatment D gave the best results with a population density of 232,75 x 104 cells/ml, a growth rate of 0.31 cells/ml/day and the fastest generation time of 15,41 hours
Population Dynamics of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, Linnaeus.1758) from Khashm El-Girba Reservoir, Atbara River, Eastern Sudan
No full textThis study was conducted to assess the population parameters of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, in the Khashm El-Girba Dam Reservoir in Eastern Sudan. Fish samples were collected from December 2019 to November 2020. Length-frequency data were collected from 1,671 specimens ranging from 5.1 to 34.2 cm in total length (TL). Analysis of the population parameters was determined using the ELEFAN I routine and the FiSAT II software computer program revealed that the estimated the Von Bertalanffy growth parameters were as follows: asymptotic length (L∞ = 36.75 cm), growth rate (K = 0.650 year -1) and age at length zero (t0 = -0.629) and the growth performance index (Φ\u27) was calculated at 2.943. The instantaneous total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M), and fishing mortality (F) rates were determined using the length-converted catch curve and empirical models. The values obtained were Z = 2.38 year -1, M = 1.22 year -1, and F = 1.16 year -1, respectively. The exploitation rate (E) of the Nile tilapia was calculated at 0.49 year -1. The size at first capture (Lc) was estimated at 15.64 cm, which is slightly greater than the size at first maturity (Lm = 14.5 cm) and longevity (Tmax) was found to be 4.62 years. These findings indicate that the stock of the Nile tilapia population in Khashm El-Girba reservoir is overexploited, and that monitoring and management practices need to be employed to maintain the stocks at the optimum exploitation level
Biological Processing of Leguminous Plants as Fish Feed Ingredients
No full textFish feed has a crucial role in the success of fish farming, namely influencing growth. Development and use of alternative feed in fish farming as a solution to reduce pressure on natural resources and increase the sustainability of the fisheries sector. The use of legume plants as an alternative fish feed ingredient can be used to support the sustainability of fish farming. This review article aims to collect and provide information about several research results regarding the use of legume plants as ingredients in fish feed. The method used in preparing this review article is a literature review. Many studies have been conducted to evaluate the nutritional potential, availability, and impact of the use of legume plants on fish growth. Legumes have the potential to be used as fish feed because their protein content ranges from 27-35% and have been proven to have an effect on increasing body weight due to their nutritional content so they can be used as alternative feed
Efficiency of Four Reproductive Hormones in the Artificial Propagation of Heterotis niloticus (Cuvier, 1829)
No full textThe efficiency of four different hormonal preparations (Heterotis niloticus pituitary extract, ovaprim, Clarias gariepinus pituitary extract and carp pituitary extract) on latency period, fecundity, fertilization, hatching, and larval survival in artificial propagation of Heterotis niloticus was investigated. Total of twelve females and twelve males earthen pond raised, 24months old broods were used. The females were divided into four groups. Each group was induced to spawn with the same hormone. Sperm from one male was used to fertilize eggs stripped from individual females. The broods were injected with four different hormonal preparations; Treatment 1, Heterotis niloticus pituitary extract (HnPE); Treatment 2, ovaprim (Ova); Treatment 3, Clarias gariepinus pituitary extract (CgPE) and Treatment 4, CPE: all replicated thrice in a completely randomized design. The results of the experiment were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and all of them received equal treatment. Latency period was significant (p<0.05) among the treatments, as the period lasted for 10hrs, 9hrs, 12hrs and 11hrs for Trt1, Trt2, Trt3 and Trt4 respectively at a temperature of 28oC. Percentage egg fertilization among treatments was significant (p<0.05) with the highest value of 89.66% and 89.33% recorded with HnPE and Ovaprim respectively, and lowest result of 67.33% recorded with CgPE. Percentage egg hatchability among treatments was significant (p<0.05) with the highest value of 84.16% and 80.66% recorded with Ovaprim and HnPE respectively, while the lowest result of 57.33% and 59.50% was recorded with CgPE and CPE respectively. Percentage larval survival among treatments was significant (p<0.05) the survival was highest with eggs hatched with Ovaprim (68.66%) closely followed with CPE (66.66%) and HnPE (63.16%) while the lowest result of 47.33% and 49.50% was recorded with CgPE and HnPE respectively. The results obtained, indicates the possibility of achieving the effectiveness of controlled reproduction in Heterotis niloticus studied, by applying the appropriate type of hormonal stimulation. At the end of this research, there were disparities in the efficiency of the four hormonal preparations and it was evident though one (ovaprim) gave the highest reproductive indices in fecundity, fertilization, hatchability and larval survival as it can be easily accessible though expensive in affirmation with the work of Asangusung and Uka [1] than other one’s but on the average, ovaprim, Heterotis niloticus pituitary extract and CPE could successfully be depended upon for commercial propagation of Heterotis niloticus
The Significance of Processing Techniques on the Quality of Smoked African Cat Fish (Clarias gariepinus) Using Different Energy Sources
No full textThere is unavoidable need for fish smoking as a preservative technique to reduce rampant post harvest losses in the tropical Africa. However the imperative of healthier and quality smoked products through improved processing method were however investigated. Organoleptic and chemical assessment of African catfish collected from a reputable fish farm in Ogbomoso, Oyo state Nigeria was carried out. Eviscerated and non-eviserated fish samples were smoked using four different smoke sources: Gmelina (Gmnelina arborea), Parkia (Parkia biglobosa), Neem (Azadirachita indica) and charcoal. Overall acceptability was based on 5-point Hedonic scale (excellent (5) - poor (1). Chemical test was on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon contents (benzo(a)pyrene, Fluoranthene, Napthalene, Acenapthalene, Chrysene and Benzo(ghi) perylene). Data were subjected to one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using general linear mode (GLM) of Factorial Experimental Design and means were separated by Duncan’s multiple range tests (P<0.05). Non- eviscerated smoked African catfish samples had lower scores for colour than eviscerated smoked samples for energy sources used. Eviscerated samples had mean scores of 4.64, 3.91, 3.36 and 2.82 for charcoal, Gmelina, Neem and Parkia smoked samples respectively, much better than scores of 4.36, 2.46, 2.36 and 2.27 obtained for non-eviscerated samples. Total concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were highest in samples produced using Gmelina as smoke source and Neem for eviscerated (15.25 µg/kg) and non-eviscerated (29.43 µg/kg) samples respectively. Evisceration of fish prior to smoking enhances its sensory characteristics however; concentrations of PAHs for both eviscerated and non-eviscerated fish samples were within the recommended international standard limit
A Foundational Study of the Dehram River’s Aquatic Ecosystem: Bridging Fresh and Brackish Water
No full textIn this study, we explore Dehram river system, focusing on its biological characteristics, in a hot arid region. This is a freshwater stream flowing over salt formations. We examined various ecological aspects of the river, including its benthic macroinvertebrates, zooplankton, fishes, as well as some physical and chemical factors in three selected stations. The river showed variations in physical and chemical properties, with salinity and conductivity levels being the most significant. Salinity, total dissolved solids, calcium ion concentration, and nitrate levels increased downstream in the study area. Our findings revealed 13 macroinvertebrate orders present in the river, including a new record for Fars Province - the hydrobiid gastropod Ecrobia grimmi. The discovery of the four fish species in the river marked a new addition to their known geographical distribution. Certain invertebrate families were unique to station 1 and/or 2, while families Dyticidae and Simuliidae were exclusive to station 3. Other families were found in all three stations. Fish groups in the river included four identified cyprinid species, revealing new distribution ranges for them. Capoeta barroisi, known for tolerating specific environmental conditions, was found to adapt to the higher temperature, EC, and pH ranges in the river, setting new ecological records. The river exhibited unique ecological conditions such as high temperature and extranormal conductivity levels, which may have led to specific adaptations in its biota. We recommend further detailed investigations to determine whether these are new species or highly adapted populations isolated geographically and physiologically
Distribution and Economic Importance of Aquatic Macro Invertebrates: A Review
No full textAquatic macro-invertebrates are basic constituent of the aquatic food chain (serve as food for fish and other organisms), they aid in natural flow of energy as well as bio indicators of water quality. Others like snail are vectors of diseases- Schistosomiasis, Fascioliasis, Paragoniasis. Predatory insects and leeches damage fish eggs, fries and fingerlings. The distribution of aquatic macro-invertebrates are governed by good habitats, season of the year, physico-chemical parameters of water and sampling techniques. The factors playing a role in their distribution appears to have a role in dictating the survival and distribution of other aquatic organisms. The interplay of distribution, abundance and economic importance of aquatic macro invertebrates and other water organisms helps check population growth, survival of the fittest, and serve as targets for conservation initiatives. Therefore a combine effort of individuals and government is needed to provide, and ensure guidelines implementation to protect the aquatic system from pollution and degradation, and ensure maximum productivity
Diversity, Abundance, and Seasonal Variation of Aquatic Macrophytes in Southeastern Bangladesh
No full textThe study was conducted to assess the diversity and abundance of aquatic macrophytes in the southeastern region of Bangladesh, encompassing the Noakhali, Cumilla, and Chandpur districts. The study was carried out over the period of July 2022 to June 2023. This research utilized a mixed-methods approach, incorporating observation of the study area, qualitative interviews, and quantitative surveys. Five types of aquatic macrophytes, 47 species from 18 orders and 25 families were identified. These are free-floating, rooted-floating, emergent, submerged, and marginal. Among the three locations, Noakhali was recorded as the highest with 44 species, followed by Cumilla with 43, and Chandpur with 35. In Noakhali, seasonal variation analysis showed that 39% of species were found in the rainy season, 14% in summer, 14% in winter, and 20% year-round. In Cumilla, 35% of aquatic macrophytes were available in the rainy season, and 14%, 12%, and 5% in winter, spring, and autumn, respectively. In Chandpur, 37% of aquatic macrophytes were prevalent in the rainy season, 26% were found year-round, 9% in winter, 14% in summer, and 6% each in spring and autumn. In Noakhali, 44% of macrophytes were frequent, 33% moderate, and 23% rare. In Cumilla, 49% were frequent, 44% moderate, and 14% rare. Chandpur reported 49% frequent, 31% moderate, and 20% rare species. The order Alismatales emerged as the dominant order comparatively across all locations. This research will provide insights into the biodiversity of aquatic macrophytes in this area, thus supporting effective management strategies
Culture Feasibility, Domestication and Breeding Potentiality of Penaeus indicus in the Southwest Region of Bangladesh
No full textA preliminary observation was conducted on the culture potentiality, domestication at different stocking density and breeding competency of Chaka chingri (Penaeus indicus) in southwest region of Bangladesh from February to May in 2020 on Shrimp Research Station, Bagerhat for 120 days. There were three treatments with three replication of each where stocking density varied. Among the treatments, T3 (200 nos./dec) was found more suitable with higher growth than T2 (300 nos./dec) and T1 (400 nos./dec). In regular samples of wild Chaka taken from the regions of Bagerhat, Satkhira, and Khulna, histological investigation revealed that no oocyte was discovered during the reproductive period. The explanations for why the right big shrimp could not be located. Since P. indicus needs more salinity and profundity for the growth of gonadal tissue, the ecological conditions were similarly unfavorable. In this instance, the areas that have greater salinities and shrimp of a reasonable size ought to be chosen for a breeding program. After analysis, the approximate composition of P. indicus\u27s flesh and shell was discovered to be below average. It\u27s because P. indicus experiences prolonged stress and an adverse body condition due to reduced salinity, which has a significant impact on feeding and growth rates along with the rate at which dietary protein is converted to meat protein. Consequently, the current study suggests carrying out a breeding program and preserving the ideal natural conditions for Chaka chingri adaptation
Evaluation of Proximate, Organoleptic and Vitamin C Changes of Seaweed Jelly Candy (Gracillaria Sp.) after the Addition of Honey Mango Juice
No full textAims: to determine the effect of the addition of honey mango juice on the characteristics of jelly candy
Study Design: This research was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments namely A (addition of 0% mango juice), B (addition of 9.93%% mango juice), C (addition of 12.5% mango juice) and D (addition of 16.07% mango juice) with 2 replications. Proximate and sensory data of jelly candy were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed by honest real difference test at α5% level
Place and Duration of Study: This research was conducted at the Makassar Health Laboratory Center (Chemical Testing) and Departemen of Aquatic Product Processing and Storage Workshop (Organoleptic Test) of Pangkep State Polytechnic of Agriculture from April to July 2024.
Methodology: The analysis conducted in this study included chemical and organoleptic analysis. Chemical analysis included: analysis of water content by distillation method, total sugar content. Vitamin C levels through iodometric titration. Organoleptic (sensory) analysis included Odor, taste, texture and color.
Results: The results showed that the addition of mango juice to the characteristics of jelly candy was significantly different to water content, total sugar content and vitamin C. The best product based on chemical analysis is jelly candy in treatment D with the highest vitamin C content (5520.1 µg/g) and the highest total sugar content (38.92%) while the lowest water content (11.21%) was found in treatment A. Tests on organoleptic assessment of the highest panelists in treatment D, namely Odor 3.8 (like), taste 4.2 (like), texture 3.2 (normal), and color 3.7 (like)