Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research
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Analysis of Seaweed Marketing in Liya Onemelangka Village, South Wangi-Wangi, Wakatobi Regency
No full textThis study aims to analyze seaweed marketing in Liya Onemelangka Village, South Wangi - Wangi, Wakatobi Regency. This research is motivated by the great potential of seaweed in Indonesia, especially in Liya Onemelangka Village, where seaweed cultivation is the main livelihood for most residents. The research method used was a survey method with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted with qualitative descriptive analysis to describe marketing channels, marketing margins and marketing efficiency using marketing margin and farmer\u27s share formulas. The results showed that the marketing channel of Eucheuma cottonii seaweed in South Wangi-Wangi District of Wakatobi Regency has 1 (one) marketing channel pattern, namely Cultivators - District Level Collectors - Bau - Bau Collectors and large collectors in Makassar. The marketing margin at the sub-district collector level is Rp 1,500/kg, the marketing margin at the inter-regional collector level is Rp 1,500/kg with a selling price at the cultivator level of Rp 13,500/kg and the price at the collector in Makassar reaches Rp 16,500, the farmer\u27s share is 81.82%. The short marketing chain and farmer\u27s share, show that Eucheuma cottonii seaweed marketing in Wangi - Wangi District has high efficiency
Evaluation of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Juice as a Natural Milt Diluent in the Artificial Propagation of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
No full textAims: This study evaluated the qualitative parameters of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) milt diluted with normal saline and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) juice at different dilution ratios during induced breeding.
Study Design: Completely randomised design (CRD) with six treatments and three replicates per treatment.
Place and Duration of Study: The Teaching and Research Fish Farm and Limnology Laboratory, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria, between October and December 2024.
Methodology: Four apparently healthy broodstock of C. gariepinus (two males, 2.0 kg each; two females, 1.8 kg each) were selected based on maturity indices. Milt was collected from dissected males into dry vials and diluted at different ratios of saline and watermelon juice: 1:0:0 (T1, control), 1:10:0 (T2, reference), 1:7.5:2.5 (T3), 1:5:5 (T4), 1:2.5:7.5 (T5), and 1:0:10 (T6). Sperm quality (motility, motility duration, pH, and concentration), fertilisation, hatchability, egg adhesiveness, and larval survival were evaluated. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA, and means were separated with Duncan’s multiple range test at a 5% significance level.
Results: Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in sperm motility, motility duration, and pH across treatments, while sperm concentration showed no significant variation (p > 0.05). The highest motility percentages were obtained in T4 (56.64%) and T5 (56.94%), compared with the lowest in T1 (24.16%). Fertilisation success ranged from 85.62% in T5 to 91.76% in T4, with T4 also recording the best hatchability (75.89±1.57%) and survival outcomes (75.41±2.57%). Physiochemical parameters of water during the culture period (temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH) remained within optimal limits for C. gariepinus breeding.
Conclusion: Watermelon juice (Citrullus lanatus) demonstrated strong potential as a natural and cost-effective diluent for milt in artificial propagation of African catfish. The 1:5:5 dilution ratio (milt:saline:watermelon juice) proved most effective, producing optimal sperm motility, fertilisation, hatchability, and larval survival
Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Bran as a Sustainable Feed Additive for Improving Growth Performance of Clarias Jaensis, Endogenous Fish in Cameroon
No full textThis study, which lasted approximately 60 days (from May to July 2024), aimed to evaluate the effect of pineapple bran as a feed additive on the growth characteristics of Clarias jaensis. To this end, 225 fry were randomly allocated to five treatment groups (T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4) which corresponded to pineapple bran supplementation levels of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1%, respectively. The fry were fed twice a day at 5% of the ichthyo biomass. Except for the K factor, pineapple bran significantly (P < 0.05) affected the growth characteristics. The highest survival rate (95.55 ± 0.00%), final weight (35.04 ± 0.94 g), weight gain (21.69 ± 0.94 g), daily weight gain (0.38 ± 0.01 g/d), specific growth rate (1.72 ± 0.04), feed consumption (27.92 ± 0.33 g) and the lowest feed conversion ratio (1.28 ± 0.34) were recorded with the T4 ration. Proximate analysis of the flesh showed that the presence of pineapple bran in the feed improved its nutritional quality of the flesh unlike the control treatment. The level of pineapple bran significantly affected the characteristics of the fish carcass except for organic matter and minerals. The highest dry matter (97.89 ± 0.10%) and crude protein (64.46 ± 0.07%) values were recorded with the T1 ration, while the highest fat (14.96 ± 0.03%) value was observed with the T3 ration. Additionally, the T4 treatment had the lowest feed cost of production. Therefore, supplementing pineapple bran at 1% in the Clarias jaensis feed is therefore recommended for better growth
Effectiveness of Butterfly Pea Leaf Extract (Clitoria ternatea) on the Wound Healing Process in Betta Fish (Betta splendens) Animal Model
No full textBetta fish (Betta splendens) are among the most popular freshwater ornamental fish in Indonesia and worldwide. However, in the cultivation process, farmers often encounter several challenges, one of which is injuries caused by various factors, such as fighting between fish. A potential natural solution to address this problem is the use of butterfly pea leaf extract. Butterfly pea leaf extract has shown promising potential as a wound-healing agent in fish.
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the bioactive compounds present in butterfly pea leaves in accelerating the wound-healing process of betta fish (Betta splendens).
The method used in this research was an experimental design with five treatments and three replications: P0 (control), P1 (50 ppm), P2 (100 ppm), P3 (150 ppm), and P4 (200 ppm). The research began with the extraction of butterfly pea leaves, phytochemical testing of the extract, preparation of tools and materials, infliction of wounds on betta fish, and maintenance.
The parameters measured during the research were wound healing, blood profile, survival rate, growth, and water quality. Wound healing parameters included wound width, healing percentage, and daily healing rate. Blood profile parameters included erythrocytes, leukocytes, and hematocrit. Growth parameters included absolute weight and absolute length. Water quality parameters included temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen.
The results showed that butterfly pea leaf extract (Clitoria ternatea) had a significant effect on the wound healing process, with the 200 ppm dosage providing the best outcome. The Duncan test results showed that the erythrocyte count in the control group (P0) was significantly different from all treatments. Treatment 1 (P1) differed significantly from P0, P3, and P4, but not from P2. Treatment 2 (P2) was significantly different from P0 and P4, but not from P1 and P3. Treatment 3 (P3) did not differ significantly from P2 and P4, but was significantly different from P0 and P1. Treatment 4 (P4) was significantly different from P0, P1, and P2, but not from P3. The results of this research indicate that a dose of 200 ppm produced the best outcomes among all treatments. The wound healing process in betta fish was observed to be faster and more effective at this dosage
Comparative Assessment of Water Quality Parameters and Fish Productivity in Maintained and Non-maintained Pond Systems in Karimganj District, Assam, India
No full textEnvironmental factors directly influence the growth and survival of fishes and the quality of the water, in which they are cultured, is an important environmental factor in this regard. A study was conducted in the Alekargul and Tikarpara village (Badarpur sub-division) of Sreebhumi (earlier Karimganj) district, Assam to investigate some physicochemical parameters of waters of fisheries and non-maintained ponds present in those villages. The water quality parameters such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, and alkalinity were analyzed. The study revealed that there is significant variation in some of the water properties which pose a challenge for good productivity of fishes. It is found that the water temperature varies from 280C-320C and it is suitable for fish culture. DO vary between 4-9 mg/l. Mean pH values vary between 6.0 and 7.5 and total alkalinity varies between 80-200 ppm. BOD was between 3-9mg/l.
This study highlights the scope for utilization of the water resources in the study areas by introducing proper management practices
Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Fishes
No full textHeavy metals can be harmful to aquatic species when they are exposed for a brief (acute) or extended (chronic) duration. They have done a lot of good for people, but they also have a lot of detrimental effects on species that aren\u27t their goals. Runoff and groundwater leaching from numerous hazardous metals have a widespread probability of contaminating aquatic ecosystems that pass via industrial or agricultural areas, that can at once jeopardize freshwater life, notably sensitive species like fish. Fish are the most well-known way to figure out how much pollution is in the water. Because fish are an important part of the food chain, looking into how harmful metals impact them could help figure out if metals are bad for people\u27s health. This review aimed to synthesize all existing clinical data regarding the accumulation and absorption of various heavy metals (As, Hg, Cd, Cu, Cr, and Pb), as well as the overall histopathological alterations resulting from prolonged exposure to sublethal concentrations of these heavy metals in the gills and other tissues of freshwater fish. Considering the aforementioned findings, this review endeavors to clarify the detrimental effects of metals on the gills of freshwater fishes
Prospects of Leaf and Root Extracts of Drumstick Tree (Moringa oleifera) as Eco-friendly Organic Piscicide to Eradicate the Unpleasant Fishes from Culture Ponds
No full textThis study investigates the piscicidal properties of the Moringa oleifera plant, focusing on its raw and dry leaf and root extracts, and their effects on the experimental fish species Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch). Conducted under standard laboratory conditions, the experiment aimed to determine the lethal concentration (LC50) values of various extracts to evaluate toxicity levels. Extracts from Moringa oleifera were prepared using three different solvents: absolute ethyl alcohol, 50% ethyl alcohol, and distilled water. The toxicity of these extracts was assessed by determining the LC50 values, which indicate the concentration required to kill 50% of the test fish population. The absolute ethyl alcohol extract from dry leaves exhibited the highest toxicity, yielding the lowest LC50 value. The order of toxicity from the extracts was observed as follows: for the leaf extracts, absolute ethyl alcohol showed the highest toxicity, followed by 50% ethyl alcohol, and distilled water. In terms of root extracts, absolute ethyl alcohol again ranked highest in toxicity, followed by distilled water and then 50% ethyl alcohol. Histopathological examinations revealed significant alterations in the tissues of the fish exposed to these extracts. The gill tissue demonstrated notable damage, including detachment of the epithelial layer and injury to gill arches and filaments. The liver exhibited disorganized parenchymal structures, vacuole formation, and signs of hyperplasia. Additionally, the intestinal mucosa displayed ruptures, swelling in the muscularis layer, and small vacuoles in the sub-mucosa. The findings indicate that the absolute ethyl alcohol extract of Moringa oleifera leaves is more toxic than other forms, with noticeable detrimental effects on the gill, liver, and intestinal tissues of Heteropneustes fossilis. The toxic nature of these extracts was further corroborated through phytochemical analyses and behavioral observations of control fish. This study highlights the potential risks associated with the use of Moringa oleifera as a piscicide and underscores the need for caution in its application in aquatic environments. Further investigations are warranted to identify the specific toxic compounds responsible for these adverse effects and to understand their mechanisms of action
Assessment of Aquatic invertebrates and Water Quality of River Katsina-Ala at Kwanta-Sule, Benue State, Nigeria
No full textThe present study focused on aquatic invertebrates and water quality of River Katsina-Ala at Kwata-Sule, Guma Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Samples were collected twice in a week for 4 weeks between October and November, 2017 using a 55 µm mesh plankton net. Water quality parameters were determined in-situ and ex-situ using standard procedures. A total of 144 specimens were identified during the study period. They were distributed among 6 classes: Cladocera (46%), Diptera (24%), Copepoda (13%), Ephemerophyta (10%), Arachnida (4%) and Protozoa (3%). The diversity indices were: Shannon-Weiner (2.286), Simpson (0.875) and Margalef (2.213). Mean values of physico-chemical parameters were; temperature (27.23±0.23 0C), dissolved oxygen (5.45±0.00 mg/L), biochemical oxygen demand (2.10±0.10 mg/L), pH (7.80±0.01), electrical conductivity (29.75±0.25 µScm-1), transparency (37.06±1.06 cm) and total hardness (0.11±0.00 mg/L). The river contained moderate abundance and varied aquatic invertebrates. The water quality parameters of the study area were favourable for aquatic life to thrive
The Influence of Different Culture Methods on the Growth and Survival of Kijing Mussels (Anadonta woodiana)
No full textThis study aimed to analyze the influence of different culture methods and stocking density on the growth and survival of Kijing mussels (Anadonta woodiana). This research employed an experimental method with a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD), consisting of two factors: culture method (B) with two levels (bottom and floating) and stocking density (P) with three levels (5, 10, and 15 individuals). Each treatment combination of culture method and stocking density was conducted in triplicate concrete ponds. The homogeneity of the ponds could not be guaranteed due to the inconsistent sunlight exposure across the land conditions. The total number of treatment units used in this study was 18 treatment units. The parameters measured were absolute weight, absolute length, specific growth rate, survival rate, and water quality. Data on absolute weight, absolute length, and specific growth rate were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with a 95% confidence level via SPSS software to determine treatment effects, followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. Meanwhile, data on survival rate and water quality were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The results showed that different culture methods significantly influenced the absolute weight of Kijing mussels (A. woodiana) during the 60-day rearing period, whereas stocking density and the interaction between stocking density and culture method did not significantly affect any of the measured parameters. The bottom culture method resulted in better growth of Kijing mussels compared to the floating method, increasing the absolute weight of mussels by 106.38 g, supported by an absolute length of 3.20 cm, a specific growth rate of 2.17%/day, and a 100% survival rate
Food Habits and Stomach Content Analysis of Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis, Linnaeus 1758) Caught in Mamuju Waters, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
No full textSkipjack tuna is a fast-swimming pelagic fish that has the ability to migrate between water areas. This study aims to determine the food habits and stomach fullness of skipjack tuna in Makassar Strait, Indonesia. The survey was implemented for 12 months from April 2019 to March 2020. Trolling lines were used for fish sampling. A total number of 252 fish was used for fish sampling. Food habits and stomach fullness of skipjack tuna were observed for data collection. The results showed that the food types found in the skipjack tuna stomach consists of fish 24.82-30.72%, (27.8 ± SE 1.31%), crustacean 22.48-30.24% (26.3 ± SE 1.47%), cephalopods 26.37-35.29% (31,7 ± SE 1.61%) dan unidentified 11.10-19.49% (14.3 ± SE 1.45%). The stomach fullness (SF) varied, which consisted of bursting 9.52-14.92% (11.90 ± SE 1.58%), ¾ filled 14.29-23.81% (22.22 ± SE 1.76%), ½ filled 28.57-33.33% (29.76 ± SE 1.47%) and empty 33.33-47.62% (36.11 ± SE 2.07%). Food types of skipjack tuna were dominated by cephalopods, and stomach fullness was mostly in empty condition