Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research
Not a member yet
357 research outputs found
Sort by
Preliminary Evaluation of Olive (Olea europaea L.) Cultivars under Hot and Arid Environment of Mexico
No full textCurrently in Mexico there are few studies on agronomic management in olive production. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate eleven olive cultivars for table and oil production (Arbequina, Koroneiki, Arbosana, Kalamata, Barnea, Pendolino, Empeltre, Manzanilla of Sevilla, Carboncella, Frantoio and Cassaliva) under hot and arid environment of Mexico. The experiment was carried out during two consecutive years in 2015 and 2016 at National Research Institute for Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock (INIFAP) in the Experimental Station of Caborca, Sonora, Mexico. The plantation was done on March, 2012 using a density of 100 trees ha-1 (10 x 10 m) under drip irrigation system. The parameters evaluated were vegetative parameters, yield, fruit quality and oil content. The experiment was analyzed using a randomized complete block design and five replications. The results showed statistical differences for all parameters evaluated. Arbequina obtained the highest olive yield with 34.5 and 70.3 kg per tree for the first and second year production, respectively and Barnea recorded the highest oil content with 19.2%. Finally, Manzanilla of Sevilla and Barnea varieties represent a good option as double-purpose varieties.  
Culture Medium Based on Tomato Leaves for Abundant Production of Conidia from Septoria lycopersici
No full textAims: This study aimed to perform further experiments about the massive production of spores in alternative culture medium based on tomato leaves with different recipes to foment artificial inoculation for scientific purposes.
Study Design: The experiments were performed in completely randomized designed with three replicates.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted on the Caçador experimental station of the Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Enterprise of Santa Catarina (EPAGRI) from May to November 2018.
Methodology: The study tests 13 amounts of tomato leaves to choose the concentration which better improve the conidia production within two weeks of incubation at 25ºC and photoperiod of 12 h. After the incubation period, the number of spores was counted in a Neubauer chamber. The statistical analysis were performed with Scott-Knot (P<.05). Once the more appropriate quantity of leaves was determined, the conidia production on different media was compared using PDA, King B, NDA, tomato extract, PMA and tomato leaf extract medium incubated at the same conditions as previously described. The amount of conidia produced in tomato leaf extract medium was then compared with those produced in PDA (considered a standard medium for fungus cultivation). After the incubation period, the number of spores was counted in a Neubauer chamber. The statistical analysis was performed with Tukey test (P < .05). Experiments were performed in a completely randomized design with three replicates.
Results: Results from analysis of variance indicated that quantities superior to 13 g per 100 mL rises the amount of conidia produced within two weeks from incubation at 25ºC and photoperiod of 12 h. In addition, all culture media tested supported the mycelial growth, but the production of cirrus was only evident when tomato leaves were used as the main component of the culture medium. Comparatively with the standard medium PDA, the tomato leaf extract medium is more appropriate for experiments dealing with Septoria lycopersici sporulation.
Conclusion: The culture medium based on fresh tomato leaves can foment a large production of cirrus of Septoria lycopersici, reason why it better than the standard medium PDA for research based on septoria leaf spot.  
Characterization of Some AUS Rice Genotypes for Yield Traits
No full textThe investigation was carried out under field conditions to characterize yield contributing traits of eighteen (18) advanced Aus rice lines (F5) and three commercial check varieties. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The field was divided into three blocks; each block was sub-divided into 21 plots (lines) where genotypes were randomly assigned. The experiment was conducted during the period of Transplanting Aus season (April 2015 to August 2015) at the genetics and plant breeding experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh. All the genotypes were characterized and categorized as per the descriptors developed by Biodiversity International, IRRI and WARDA-2007 for DUS test of inbred rice. All the genotypes were grouped and classified as well as described based on yield contributing characters as per descriptors so that all the observed genotypes containing described characters can be easily evaluated and identified at a glance for further studies
Liming and Soil Amendments for Acidity Regulation and Nutrients Uptake by Potato-Mungbean-Rice Cropping Pattern in the Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain
No full textSoil acidity and lower soil fertility are the key issues that constraint higher crop yield in the Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain area of Bangladesh. The study evaluated the effect of lime and manure on yield of crops in a cropping pattern, potato-mungbean-transplanted aman (TA) rice. Experiments were conducted at Agricultural Regional Station (ARS), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) farm and farmer’s field under Thakurgaon Sadar Upazila, Thakurgoan district, over two consecutive years. Crop varieties were Cardinal for potato, BARI mung6 for mungbean and Bina dhan7 for TA rice. There were nine treatment combinations with three lime levels (0, 1 and 2 t dololime ha-1) and three manure treatments (poultry manure, farm yard manure and control) with three replications. The rate of poultry manure was 3 t ha-1 and that of FYM was 5 t ha-1. Lime was added to the first crop for entire two crop cycles and manures were applied to the first crop of each crop cycle. Application of lime and manure had significant positive effect on the yield of potato and consequently positive residual effects on mungbean and TA rice. An average 45-59% yield benefit over control for the first crop and 41-43% yield benefit for the third crop was observed. Amendment of soil with dololime @ 1 t ha-1 coupled with poultry manure @ 3 t ha-1 or FYM @ 5 t ha-1 could be an efficient practice for achieving higher crop yield due to optimization of soil acidity and nutrient uptake by plants
Growth and Yield Response of Two Onion (Allium cepa L.) Varieties to Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers in the Forest- Savannah Transitional Zone of Ghana
No full textThe objective of the experiment was to evaluate the influence of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and yield of two onion varieties in the transitional zone of Ghana. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with 3 replications. Two varieties [Bawku Red and Red Creole] were laid as main plots and fertilizer rates [10 t/ha Cow dung, 10 t/ha Poultry manure, 300 kg/ha NPK, 5 t/ha PM + 150 kg/ha NPK, 5 t/ha CD + 150 kg/ha NPK) and control (without amendment)] were assigned to sub-plots. The two field experiments were conducted in 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons at the research field of the College of Agriculture Education, University of Education Winneba, Mampong campus. The result showed that Bawku Red planted on 5 t/ha PM + 150 kg/ha NPK produced (P=.05) higher number of leaves per plant and shoot fresh and dry weight than the control during the 2016 cropping season. Red Creole planted on 10 t/ha PM had higher number of leaves per plant, taller plants and higher marketable bulb yield than the control during the 2016 cropping season. In both 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons, Bawku Red and Red Creole planted on 5 t/ha PM + 150 kg/ha NPK produced (P=.05) higher total bulb yield than the control. For maximum vegetative growth and yield in onion production, preferably Bawku red, sole poultry manure (10 t/ha) and/or in combination with NPK (5 t/ha PM+150 kg/ha NPK) is recommended
Effects of Seeds Source and Manure Type on Germination and Early Growth of Khaya senegalensis (Desr) A. Juss Seedlings in Bauchi State, Nigeria
No full textKhaya senegalensis (Desr) A. Juss is a perennial deciduous tree which has many uses in developing nations. The population of the tree is rapidly declining due to no conservation efforts to prevent the species from endanger and extinction. At the moment there is dearth information on manure types required to raise healthy seedlings of the tree species in the study area. To conserve this genetic resource, germination and early growth rate experiment was carried out using seeds collected from three locations (eco-zones) (Alkaleri, Bauchi and Toro). Matured seeds of K. senegalensis were collected from mother tree stand in the three locations. One hundred and fifty seeds (150) from each location were sown in perforated polythene pots at an average depth of 2-3 cm. After germination i.e. 30 days after planting, different manures were applied to the seedlings. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments, namely: poultry dung, cow dung and NPK manures; the experiment was replicated four times. Data on seeds germination variables of interest (seedling heights, number of leaves, collar diameter, leaf area, leaf width, leaf length and fresh weights) were measured. Seedlings height were measured using meter rule, collar diameters using a venier caliper, numbers of leaves were determined by manual counting the number of leaves on the seedlings, leaf area was measured by tracing leaves of seedling on a graduated graph sheet. Data collected on seed germination and early growth rate were subjected to descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (ANOVA). Where significant differences occurred, Tukey test was used to separate the means. Based on this finding, germination of seeds commenced after 10 to 14 days. Locations and manure types had significant effects on the mean heights, number of leaves, collar diameter, leaf area, leaf width, length and fresh weights of K. senegalensis seedlings in the study area. Thus, for species conservation and genetic heredity, seeds sourced from Bauchi eco-zone was the best with poultry manure as the best performed manure for the raising of K. senegalensis seedlings in the study area
Physiological Assessment of Radiation and PVP/ Zn-Nanoparticles on Sour Orange Seedling
No full textAims: The objective of this study is evaluate the effects of both pre-sowing gamma irradiation at low dose of 0 or 20 Gy and the soaking part of radiated seeds in zinc nanoparticles (Zn NPs) solutions at rate 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm on behavior and physiological changes of sour orange seedling.
Study Design: The design of the study is Two-Way Randomized Blocks.
Place and Duration of Study: The present study was carried out during two successive seasons of 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 on sour orange rootstock (Citrus aurantium) grown at the experimental farm of the Horticulture Institute, Giza , Egypt.
Methodology: Eight different treatments were used as follow: 1) Control, 2) Gamma radiation at 0 Gy + soaking in Zn NPs at 500 ppm. 3) Gamma radiation at 0 Gy + soaking in Zn NPs at 1000 ppm. 4) Gamma radiation at 0 Gy + soaking in Zn NPs at 2000 ppm. 5) Gamma radiation at 20 Gy + soaking in tap water Zn NPs at 0 ppm. 6) Gamma radiation at 20 Gy + soaking in Zn NPs at 500 ppm. 7) Gamma radiation at 20 Gy + soaking in Zn NPs at 1000 ppm. 8) Gamma radiation at 20 Gy + soaking in Zn NPs at 2000 ppm.
Results: Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images showed multiple shapes and uniform distribution of Zn NPs through the polymer network and the mean size of Zn NPs ranging is 40.9 nm. Generally, the results reveal that, 20 Gy combined with 1000ppm Zn NPs treatment increased seed germination percentage and stem length. While, 20 Gy plus 500 ppm Zn NPs treatment increased stem diameter and plant pigments concentration. Protein analysis of sour orange seedling treated with gamma radiation and then Zn NPs showed that, protein groups pattern (10-20 KD) enhanced with gamma rays 20 gray alone or with Zn NPs at 500 or 1000 ppm, while the protein groups pattern above 60 KD disappeared.
Conclusion: Using gamma irradiation and then soaking part of irradiated seeds in Zn NPs solutions had significant effects on vegetative growth and root characters as well as some chemical properties of sour orange leaves. In addition, there are variable differences in the protein pattern between treated and untreated sour orange seedlings with gamma radiation and / or Zn NPs. Although, 20 Gy + 500 ppm Zn NPs treatment increased stem diameter, which is the main characteristic for the success of grafting process, the obtained results showed changes in proteins and it possible the gene structure had been changed due to this treatment
Adoption of Recommended Bio-fertilizer Technologies among Soybean Growers in Ujjain Distrsict of Madhya Pradesh
No full textBio-fertilizers are living organisms that enrich the nutrient quality of the soil. It refers to the use of microbes instead of chemicals to enhance the nutrition of the soil. Conventional fertilizers are those formed through decomposition including compost; household wastes and green manure while chemical fertilizers are manmade or mined. Convention fertilizers are nature friendly but not effective as chemical fertilizers. Conventional or natural fertilizers provide nutrient to plant at slow rate and lower concentration but chemical fertilizers provide nutrient at fast rate and higher concentraion so, farmers frequently try to use chemical fertilizers in the field for crop development. Ujjain district has a high potential for soybean production. The crop is processed for oil, protein and animal feed. A smaller percentage is processed into soy milk, soy flour, soy protein, tofu for human consumption. The higher use of chemical fertilizers in soybean crop for higher yield creates negative effect on human, animal and environment health. Hence, research in the use of bio-fertilizer in soybean crop in Ujjain district was conducted with 120 respondents. The major finding (e.g. quantity or bifertilizer used as seed trement) was obtained as Adoption of recommended bio-fertilizer technologies by beneficiary farmers was higher than non beneficiary farmers
Economic Analyses of Non-timber Forest Products Utilised by Communities around Kwabaktina Forest Reserve
No full textThis study was carried out among communities surrounding the Kwabaktina forest reserve in Adamawa state, Nigeria with the aim of assessing the utilisation of Non Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in the study area. Data were collected through Stratified and purposive sampling designs using a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics to identify NTFPs utilised in the study area. The result showed age, educational status and household size had a significance effect on the extent of NTFPs utilisation in the study area. Income had no significant in determining the level of the utilisation of NTFPs; while gender had a significant implication on the utilisation of NTFPs. This may be attributed to the relative scarcity of most of the NTFPs as a result of deforestation and the present awareness of their (NTFPs) importance to the communities. NTFPs play an important role in the livelihood of people in the communities. These products occupy a significant place in the livelihood of the people. To ensure speedy growth and yielding (development) of NTFPs in the study area; it is recommended that NGOs (commonwealth forest association and Forest association of Nigeria) who are concerned with trees planting and sustainable forest management; and an individual should participate in funding of trees planting campaign in marginal land. Also, the people of the communities should be encouraged to embark on economic trees planting for the provision of raw materials for carving/crafting; these can help to reduce rural-urban population drift and the prevailing unemployment especially among youths
Effect of Transplanting Dates on Yield and Yield Components of Nerica Rice Mutants at Drought Prone Areas of Bangladesh
No full textTo investigate the effect of various transplanting dates on yield and yield attributing characteristics of Nerica rice mutants at drought prone areas, Ishurdi and Chapai Nawabgonj during aman season. Two advanced Nerica mutant lines (N4/350/P-4(5), N10/350/P-5-4) were evaluated compared with one check variety (Binadhan-17) with three dates of transplanting (D1=July 20, D2=July 30 and D3=August 10). The experiments were laid out on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Twenty five days old seedlings were transplanted with optimum 20 x 20 cm row to row and plant to plant distance. The unit plot size was 3 m×4 m. The recommended doses of fertilizer were applied. The effect of dates of transplanting on grain yield of D3 was the highest (5.10 t ha-1) whereas D2 produced the lowest grain yield (4.24 t ha-1). Among the mutant lines/varieties, Binadhan-17 produced the highest grain yield (4.94 t ha-1) followed by N4/350/P-4(5) (4.57 t ha-1). The interaction effect of date and variety showed that Binadhan-17 produced the maximum yield (5.56 t ha-1) at D3 followed by N4/350/P-4(5) mutant (4.92 t ha-1). The interaction effect of date and location, D3 transplanting date produced the maximum yield (5.23 t ha-1) at Ishurdi which was followed by transplanting (4.96 t ha-1) at Chapai Nawabgonj. The interaction effect of variety and location Binadhan-17 produced maximum yield (5.06 t ha-1) in Ishurdi followed by Binadhan-17 in Chapai Nawabgonj (4.82 t ha-1). The interaction effect of date, variety and location transplanting date D3, Binadhan-17 produced maximum yield (5.70 t ha-1) in Ishurdi followed by transplanting date D3, Binadhan-17 in Chapai Nawabgonj (5.43 t ha-1). The data recorded on crop duration from transplanting to maturity revealed that the advanced mutant line N4/350/P-4(5) required the least average 108 days and the Binadhan-17 required maximum average 119 days. Therefore, 10th August was found to be the best date of transplanting and Binadhan 17 showed the best performance at Ishwardi in Bangladesh