Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops
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Effect of rate and time of nitrogen application on growth and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)
Get PDFAn experiment was conducted to study the response of turmeric to rate and time of N application. The treatments consisted of three levels of nitrogen (60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1) as main plot treatments and number of applications (nitrogen applied in equal splits of one, two, three, four and five) as sub-plot treatments. The results showed that 60 kg N ha-1 produced maximum fresh rhizome yield. Turmeric yield at 60, 120 and 180 kg N ha-1 did not differ significantly. Nitrogen applied in three equal splits produced maximum fresh rhizome yield and it was significantly superior to application of whole N at planting and in two splits. N content in leaf, rhizome and available nitrogen in soil increased with increase in the level of nitrogen and number of split application.
 
Genetic variability and association analysis for yield and yield components in indigenous and exotic collections of vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash)
Get PDFThe variability in genetic parameters and their influence on growth and yield of vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides) was studied in 45 indigenous and exotic collections. Considerable variability in morphometric traits was recorded in these collections. Strongly positive and significant correlations were found between plant height and root length and oil yield; root length and oil content; fresh root yield and dry root yield and oil yield; dry root yield and oil yield, and oil content and oil yield. Positive and significant associations were also observed between plant height and root width and fresh root yield; root length and root width. These traits may form a good selection criteria for improvement of essential oil yield in vetiver.
 
Performance and economics of replanted cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) plantation
Get PDFThe performance and economics of replanting of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) was studied at Chettalli (Kodagu District, Karnataka, India). An average yield of 749 kg (dry)/ha of cardamom was obtained for five crop seasons which was 5.35 times higher than the national average yield of 140 kg/ha. A highest yield of 1775 kg/ha (dry) was recorded during the second year after replanting. Out of 869.8 labour days required per ha per year during the bearing period, the requirement of women labourers was higher (87.4%); 57.8% labour requirement was for picking only. Maximum expenses (69.45%; Rs. 57,230.80/ha) was incurred on labour charges. A net income of Rs. 1,96,986.20/ha (average of five crop seasons) was obtained with a production cost of Rs. 130.97/kg (dry). The discounting cash flow measures namely, Net Present Value (NPV) of Rs. 5,09,296.45, Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) of 2.78 and Pay Back Period (PBP) of 2.15 years indicated that replanting of cardamom is an economically viable and financially feasible proposition.
 
Effect of Glomus mosseae (Nicol. and Gerd.) Gerdemann and Trappe on root-knot disease of menthol mint (Mentha arvensis sub sp. haplocalyx Briquet) caused by Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood
Get PDFGlasshouse experiments conducted to find out the effect of the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Glomus mosseae on reproduction of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita and growth and yield of menthol mint (Mentha arvensis sub sp. haplocalyx) indicated that G. mosseae was effective in reducing populations of M. incognita and increasing growth and biomass productivity of menthol mint. Maximum supression in nematode populations was observed when G. mosseae was inoculated 15 days prior to inoculation of nematodes. Shoot length and oil yield of G. mosseae inoculated plants was significantly higher than uninoculated plants.
 
In vitro propagation of Vanilla tahitensis Moore
Get PDFA commercially viable protocol for mass propagation of Vanilla tahitensis, a cultivated species of vanilla, was standardized. A multiplication ratio of 1 : 4.7 was observed over a culture period of 60-70 days on benzylaminopurine (1 mgl-1) and a-naphthaleneacetic acid (O.1 mgl-1).
 
Heterosis for seedling characters in cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton)
Get PDFA study was conducted to assess the nature and extent of relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and economic heterosis in cardamom (EZettaria cardamomum) hybrids under nursery conditions. Among the 54 cardamom hybrids evaluated for seedling characters, NKE-9 x NKE-34, NKE-19 x NKE-12, NKE-3 x RR-1 and NKE-34 x NKE-12 were the best for plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf length and leaf breadth, respectively. No positive and significant economic heterosis was observed in the hybrids for number of leaves per plant. Nine hybrids exhibited significantly higher and positive heterobeltiosis and economic heterosis for all the characters studied except number of leaves per plant.
 
Spices research - A crystal gazing
Get PDFThe direction of research on spice crops especially black pepper (Piper nigrum) and cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) during the present century has been conceptualized. The revolution that is likely to be created by genetic engineering and biotechnology in the areas of germplasm conservation, crop improvement, crop protection, crop management and postharvest technology, resulting in tremendous increase in productivity of spices has been highlighted.
 
Natural fruit set in Vanilla wightiana Lindl., an endangered species from Andhra Pradesh, India
Get PDFVanilla wightiana Lindt, described as an extremely endangered wild species, occurs in the Eastern Ghat forest ranges of East Godavari District of Andhra Pradesh, India.
 
Changes in climatic elements and their impact on production of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) in the Cardamom Hills of Kerala, India
Get PDFThe change in climatic elements namely, temperature and precipitation in Cardamom Hills (Kerala, India) was studied by analysing the weather data for 20 (temperature) and 40 years (precipitation). Minimum temperature exhibited drastic variation over the years. The difference betWeen the warmest and coolest month had narrowed considerably and the days have become warmer markedly. Except during 1967-76 (Decade-II) the total annual average precipitation received was more or less equal. Even though the total number of rainy days has increased, the distribution pattern was erratic during the last decade. The rainfall parameters had positive correlation with production of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) with significant relationship for number of rainy days.
 
Quality attributes of cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum Bercht & Presl.) accessions grown at Shevroys (Tamil Nadu, India)
Get PDFThe quality of bark and leaf of cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum Bercht & Presl.) is determined by their oil and oleoresin contents. The quality of cinnamon is known to vary depending on the region where they are grown (Pruthi 1979). Five accessions of cinnamon collected from Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut, are being maintained at Horticultural Research Station, Yercaud (Tamil Nadu, India) (1450 m < MSL). The quality parameters of these accessions were analysed and are reported here.