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2024 Joint Summary on Multilateral Development Banks Climate Finance
No full textThis year, the multilateral development banks (MDBs) are advancing a digitalization project aimed at improving transparency and making their joint climate finance data more accessible and user-friendly. We plan to present progress on this important project at COP30 in Belém. As part of the transition, we are publishing this 2024 Joint Summary Report on MDBs Climate Finance. This stand-alone report highlights the main figures and key details of MDB climate finance for the year, while the more detailed data, and our joint methodologies, will in future be provided through an interactive web platform. The platform will allow users to access the data they need in both tabular and graphical formats. As in the last two years, the joint figures for 2024 presented here show that MDBs have exceeded their ambitious 2025 climate finance targets set in 2019. From 2023 to 2024, climate finance in low- and middle income countries has grown by 14%, while global climate finance across all MDB operations has increased by 10%. In low- and middle-income countries, adaptation finance rose by 6.5%, and private climate co-finance grew by 16%. Globally, private climate co-finance mobilized grew by 33% across all countries of operation. These results confirm that MDBs are on track to meet their collective 2030 climate finance goals, as announced at COP29. Since the first Joint Report on MDBs Climate Finance published in 2012, figures reported have been based on a joint MDB climate finance tracking methodology. The initial group of MDBs developed this harmonized methodology in 2011 and it has been updated as and when needed, in light of experience and global developments in this space. Climate finance is central to how MDBs support the Paris Agreement and sustainable development in all the countries where we operate. By enabling countries and other clients to build successful climate-resilient, low-carbon economies, climate finance underpins progress on all the Sustainable Development Goals, including health, food security, clean energy, equality and decent work worldwide
A Model of Market Power with Formal and Informal Firms: Discussion Paper
Get PDFMarket power among firms is a common feature in many economies, including in developing countries where a significant share of firms operate informally. This paper examines the interaction between market power and informality, and how this interaction shapes the impact of government policies. We develop a general equilibrium model with firm heterogeneity and oligopolistic output markets, in which firms endogenously decide whether to operate formally or informally. Informal firms evade taxes but incur enforcement costs. Our framework jointly incorporates informality and market power, providing a quantitative tool to assess the macroeconomic effects of micro-level reforms
Agricultural Productivity in Latin America and the Caribbean (1961-2021): Subregional and National Analysis
Get PDFThe agricultural sector is a key driver of economic growth, environmental sustainability, and food security in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Therefore, it is essential to understand the underlying dynamics that have shaped its evolution over time in order to identify the main challenges and opportunities. This study aims to analyze the trends and determinants that have driven the sectors growth over the past 60 years, thus contributing to informed decision-making and the design of more effective public policies to strengthen its productivity, resilience, and environmental sustainability. To this end, the sectors performance is examined at the regional, subregional, and national levels, compiling disaggregated information for 25 countries. Although agricultural production has continued to expand, recent trends show slower productivity growth and greater dependence on input use, posing significant challenges for the sustainability and efficiency of production systems in the region. These profiles provide a comprehensive overview of the main historical dynamics of agricultural productivity, highlighting the differentiated trajectories across subregions and countries. Based on a dataset developed by the USDA and complemented with information from FAO and ILO for the period 19612021, they synthesize trends in production growth, total factor productivity, and input use
The Road to Educational Inclusion: Four Steps to Develop Systems to Protect Educational Pathways. Step 4: Four Experiences in Latin America
No full textThis report describes effective practices for educational inclusion in Latin America, focusing on key case studies from Costa Rica, Chile, Uruguay, and the state of Sergipe in Brazil. It highlights the importance of institutional governance, early warning systems, timely interventions, and outcomes achieved through a comprehensive approach to the protection of educational pathways. The document serves as a guide for policymakers and educators seeking to promote complete educational trajectories, especially for the most vulnerable populations
AquaFund as a Catalyzer for Climate Action in the LAC Region
Get PDFWater is fundamental to the region\u27s economic growth, with essential exports relying entirely on it. Over 70% of agricultural output in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC reliens on rainwater (Villalobos et al. 2017). The combination of extreme events and ater scarcity could jeopardize economic growth and security in Latin America in the near future. In this context, AquaFund (AQF) has played a leading role in financing and providing technical expertise for water management, adaptation and mitigation policies to generate more resilient economies in the region. AquaFund set a climate change financing of 30% in its Results Framework for 2018-2021 to anhance the funding of cliamte-related projects
Superheroes of Development 2024: Sharing Knowledge Creates Change
No full textSharing knowledge is key to transforming realities. This publication brings together five finalist cases from the 2024 edition of Superheroes of Development, an initiative through which the IDB Group recognizes teams that implement challenging and innovative projects across Latin America and the Caribbean. It highlights experiences from Honduras, Colombia, Bolivia, Brazil, and Guatemala, along with lessons learned that have high potential for replication and can contribute to better public policy design and improved execution of other development projects. This latest edition of Superheroes reaffirms the Banks institutional commitment to viewing knowledge as an essential tool for regional progress
Corruption and Political Accountability in Good and Bad Economic Times
Get PDFWhile the literature extensively explores the structural enablers of corruption and its adverse effects on economic performance, less is known about how the state of the economy influences corruption and political accountability. To address this gap, we develop a theoretical model in which politicians may divert resources from public goods and citizens can respond by punishing corruption. In our model, periods of positive economic conditions increase corruption while weakening accountability. We validate these predictions through a laboratory experiment, finding that corruption rates significantly rise when economic conditions are good. However, citizens\u27 willingness to punish corrupt politicians remains stable across the business cycle. Punishment decisions are driven by observed public good allocations; low allocations prompt significantly higher punishment rates than high allocations, even resulting in the punishment of honest politicians during bad economic times. Additionally, we assess the role of corruption expectations in shaping responses: citizens with prior beliefs that politicians are corrupt are less likely to punish than those who believe politicians are honest when public good provision is low. Accountability becomes more challenging when citizens struggle to clearly identify corruption, and citizens are more forgiving of corruption during good economic times and if they already mistrust politicians. These findings underscore the importance of robust transparency and accountability mechanisms in upholding governance standards, particularly in the face of economic fluctuations and public mistrust
PRODAF Argentina: Program for Rural Development and Family Agriculture
No full textThis infographic presents the impact evaluation of a smart subsidies project under the Program for Rural Development and Family Agriculture (PRODAF) in Argentina. The project aims to boost the adoption of technologies, promote access to credit, and increase agricultural productivity and income
Justice Digital Transformation Guide
Get PDFThe Justice Digital Transformation Guide, developed by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), serves as a practical encyclopedia that brings together expert knowledge, use cases, and best practices from both regional and international experiences to strengthen public justice services through strategic use of technology. The guide takes a comprehensive approach to digital transformation by addressing key elements such as institutional governance, regulatory modernization, digital talent development, change management, modern infrastructure adoption, and the redesign of processes to deliver user-centered services. It also presents a reference model for an ideal digital justice system, offering adaptable guidance tailored to diverse legal traditions, institutional structures, and technological maturity levels. Through this guide, the IDB equips countries in Latin America and the Caribbean with a strategic tool that supports justice sector reform and promotes more efficient, transparent, and inclusive systems that meet the evolving needs of society
Research Insights: Why Do Politicians Get Away with Corruption in Good Economic Times?
Get PDFPoliticians are more likely to engage in corruption during economic booms than during downturns. Citizens willingness to punish corruption remains stable across economic cycles, but their ability to detect wrongdoing weakens during good times. Improved economic conditions can obscure accountability, allowing corrupt behavior to go unnoticed or unpunished