Asian Research Journal of Agriculture
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Optimum K Fertilizer Level for Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) in Cambisols of Northern Ethiopia
No full textA field experiment was conducted in summer to evaluate the response of wheat to different potassium fertilizer rates on Cambisols of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. The experiments were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design replicated three times with 4 levels of potassium (0, 30, 60, 90, K2O kg/ha). Data on yield and yield components of wheat were collected and regression, as well as variance analyses, were done. Results depicted that wheat plant height, spike length, harvest index and 1000 seed weight were all not significantly influenced by K fertilizer rates. However, biological and grain yield of wheat was significantly influenced by potassium levels. Hence, the highest biological yield (straw + grain) and grain yield of wheat were obtained at the rate of 90 K2O kg/ha. Besides, the highest N and K uptakes by wheat were found at 60 K2O kg/ha. Similarly, the highest apparent K recovery and agronomic use efficiency were found at 30 K2O kg/ha. Hence, it can be concluded that potassium fertilization is important and the levels in the blended formula did not meet the wheat requirement in the soil reference group. Thus, this study recommends application of potassium
Synergistic Effects of Mosaic and Leaf Curl Viruses on Growth in Glass-House Tomato Plants
No full textViral diseases are known to be one of the major limiting aspects in tomato production in different countries. Almost 75 viruses are known to infect this crop and adversely affecting the yield annually. Combined attack of more than one viruses become more dangerous and show very drastic effects on the crop. Keeping in view the acuteness of the viral diseases and their effects on tomato yield, the interaction between Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) and Tomato leaf curl virus (TLCV), was investigated under controlled conditions. Effects on plant developments and yield was evaluated under viral attack separately as well as in combination and the percent plant infection was recorded. The tested viruses significantly reduced the plant height and fruit yield of infected tomato plants. The greatest effect was obtained in the double infection with TLCV and ToMV with mean fruit yield of plants was 112.28 gm. While singly ToMV and TLCV were slightly reduced fruit yield as 156.08 gm and 141.685 gm respectively. The plant height was also greatly reduced in case of double infection i.e. with mean height of plants was 26.32 cm. While, on other hand it was slightly reduced when ToMV and TLCV were infested separately that was 38.18 cm and 33.22 cm respectively
Genetic Variability and Inter-relationship for Yield and Its Components in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)
No full textPresent work was carried out to evaluate 19 genotypes of safflower in a randomized block design with three replications. Observations were recorded for nine quantitative traits. Appreciable variability was displayed by all traits, especially seed yield per plant and seed yield. The heritability estimates range between 1.9 and 81.8 %. seed yield kg/ha correlated positively and not significant with all other traits except days to 50% flowering correlated negatively with seed yield. Seed yield per plant correlated positively and highly significant with number of heads/ plant, number of seeds/plant and number of seeds/head. 1000-seed weight was significantly negatively correlated with the number of seeds/head and days to 50% flowering. The correlation coefficient between seed yield/plant and five other traits were partitioned into direct and indirect effects. Maximum direct and positive effect on seed yield per plant was recorded by number of seeds per plant which had also a positive indirect effects with all other traits. Our results indicated that the genetic material studied had a considerable level of variability that could be exploited in future breeding programs. The study proposed the traits number of seeds per plant, number of heads per plant and number of seeds per head as a selection criteria
Growth Characters of Boro Rice as Affected by Different Fertilizer Doses in Haor Area of Bangladesh
No full textThe experiment was conducted at Bahadurpur village under the Laksmanshri union of Sadar upazila of Sunamganj district during November 2014 to May 2015 to evaluate the response of different varieties with the application of different fertilizers for obtaining optimum growth of boro rice in haor area of Bangladesh. Two varieties were selected from Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) viz. V1= BRRI dhan 29; V2= BRRI dhan 58 and three fertilizer treatments viz. F1= Farmers\u27 practice-based fertilizer; F2= BARC recommendation guide based fertilizer; F3= Soil test based fertilizer were included in the experiment. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five farmer field replications. BRRI dhan58 (92.17 cm) was significantly taller than BRRI dhan29 (89.60 cm). Plant height also significantly influenced due to application of fertilizer. The tallest plant (93.84 cm) was produced due to application of BARC recommendation guide based fertilizer. Number of tillers hill-1 was significantly affected in two rice varieties at 15, 30 Days after transplanting (DAT) and at harvest. Different fertilizer application significantly affected the number of tillers hill-1 of all Days after transplanting (DAT) and at harvest. At 75 Days after transplanting (DAT), the highest number of tillers hill-1 (18.72) was produced due to application of BARC recommendation guide based fertilizer. BARC recommendation guide based fertilizer treatment show best growth performance of boro rice in haor area.  
Developmental Stages of African Sweetpotato Weevil Cylas puncticollis Boheman (Coleoptera: Brentidae) in Sudan
No full textThe biology of the developmental stages of the weevil, Cylas puncticollis Boheman a pest of sweet potato roots was carried out under laboratory conditions at ambient room condition and relative humidity (RH) and at a constant temperature of 30°C and 65% RH. Average pre-oviposition period under ambient room conditions was 4.33 ± 1.23 days. The incubation period lasted 2-4 and 3 days under room conditions and the constant temperature and RH, respectively. The larval period lasted 9.63-12.00 and 12.56-14.57 days under room conditions and the constant temperature and RH, respectively. The pupal period ranged from 3.0 to 3.29 days under room conditions and from 3.4 to 4.0 days under the constant temperature and RH. The sex ratio was 1:0.9. The pre-oviposition rate was 3.90 ± 1.67 eggs per female per day under room ambient conditions and under a constant temperature of 30°C and 65% RH a highly significant difference was recorded on the total developmental stages duration; also a significant difference was registered between rearing under room ambient conditions and the constant temperature and RH conditions
Rural Youth Involvement in Poultry Production in Ido Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria
No full textThe study was conducted to examine the involvement of youth in poultry production in Ido Local Government Area of Oyo State. A total of one hundred and twenty five respondents were randomly selected for the study. Data were collected with the use of questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequency count percentages and mean. Test of hypothesis was done using chi square. Findings show that more than half (59.2%) of the respondents were male, married (52.8%) while less than half (46.4%) had secondary school education with an average of 6 years farming experience. Most of the respondents (64%) were involved in poultry production specifically broiler production (86.4%). There was considerable high level of involvement in poultry production (64.0%). Years of farming experience (χ2 = 8.12, p ≤ 0.05) was found to be significantly related with rural youth involvement in poultry production. The study therefore recommends that more youth should be encouraged in poultry production in other to improve their socio-economic status as well as enhancing animal protein sufficiency
Adoption of Rainfed Paddy Production Technologies among Smallholder Farmers: A Case of Central District- Zanzibar, Tanzania
No full textThis study intended to determine factors affecting the adoption of new technologies in rainfed paddy production practiced by smallholder farmers in the Central District-Zanzibar, Tanzania. A cross-sectional research design was employed. A structured questionnaire, focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant (KI) interviews were used to explore issues related to rainfed paddy production. 120 respondents who were engaged in rainfed paddy farming were selected from 4 village clusters (30 respondents in each village cluster) from December 2013 to January 2014. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression model. Results show that majority of respondents (55%) were female while 45% were male aging 19-59 years. The study revealed that rainfed paddy production technologies that were adopted by smallholder farmers included row planting, fertilizer application (P=.03), weed control and the use of improved paddy seed varieties (p= .04). Descriptive analysis results showed that the adoption level of technologies was high. The logistic regression analysis showed that extension services, age, off-farm income and distance from residence to the marketplaces were factors that influenced the decisions of smallholder farmers to adopt technologies (p<.05). Researchers recommend that the government of Zanzibar should continue providing efficient extension services to smallholder farmers in order to ensure sustainability in the adoption of rainfed paddy production technologies in Zanzibar
Farmers Attitude towards Safe Food Production in Bangladesh: A Study in Bogra District
No full textSafe food production is a holistic way of agriculture, which tries to bridge the widening gap between man and nature. The present study was to determine the attitude of farmers towards safe food production, to explore the relationship between selected characteristics of the farmers and their attitude towards safe food production, to investigate farmer’s awareness on safe food production and to find out the constraints of safe food production in Bangladesh. Data were collected using interview schedule from a sample of 100 farmers of two upazilas of Bogra District. The duration of the study spanned a period of 6 months from October 2016 to March 2017. Descriptive statistical parameters and Pearson\u27s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) was used in this study as data analyzing tool. SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) software was used for data management and analysis. Nearly all the respondents (92.4%) have a favourable and highly favourable attitude towards safe food production. Only 4.6% farmers have an unfavourable attitude toward safe food production. The level of awareness about safe food production is low, and did reveal that both farmers and consumers are aware of the toxic effect of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Lack of knowledge and understanding of the principles of safe food production was the highest constraints faced by the farmers. The proper ways should be taken to overcome the problems. Farmer\u27s level of education, farm size, extension media contact, agricultural training received and farming experience of the respondent showed significant positive and Constrains faced producing safe food showed significant negative relationships with their attitude towards safe food production. So these characteristics should be taken into consideration. Due to increasing amount of using pesticides safe food production should be increased and it might be possible by the favorable attitude of the farmers towards safe food
Morphological Variation and Yield Performance of Photo-insensitive Lablab bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet] Genotypes under Sylhet Region
No full textAn experiment was conducted during August 2013 to February 2014 at the experimental field of the Sylhet Agricultural University (SAU), Sylhet to study the morphological variability, yield and yield contributing characteristics among the five lablab bean genotypes viz., SB003, BP003, IPSA Sheem-2, SB008 and SB010. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The genotypes SB003, IPSA Sheem-2 and SB008 had reddish brown seed coat color while it was black in SB010 and reddish color in the genotype BP003. Among the genotypes 100 dry seed weight was ranged from 35.50 g (IPSA Sheem-2) to 41.30 g (SB003). Variation in yield and yield contributing characteristics were found among five lablab bean genotypes. The genotype SB010 produced the maximum number of pods plant-1 (562.3) followed by SB008 (381.3). A similar trend was also noticed in pod yield plant-1 among the genotypes. The highest pod yield was recorded in the genotype SB010 (20.46 ton ha-1) while it was the lowest in IPSA Sheem-2 (6.26 ton ha-1). For seed production potentiality, the genotype SB010 produced the highest amount of seed plant-1 (451.67 g) since it produced the maximum number of dry pods plant-1 (228.67). Seed yield ha-1 varied from 1.0 ton to 3.0 tons. However, pod and seed yield ha-1 indicating bright scope to popularize lablab bean production in the Sylhet region
Willingness to Pay for Organic Vegetable in Ado-Ekiti Metropolis, Ekiti State, Nigeria
No full textThis study was conducted to assess willingness to pay for organic vegetables in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to collect data from 60 respondents that were purposively selected from 3 organizations within the State i.e. Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti and Ekiti State Government Secretariat, Ado-Ekiti. Descriptive statistics and Tobit regression model were used to analyze the collected data. Result of data analysis showed that 95% of the respondents had prior knowledge of organic vegetables. Also, 93.3% of the respondents agreed that organic vegetable was healthier than the conventional ones. The result also showed that out of the six organic vegetables the respondents were willing to pay for, cucumber recorded the highest premium (₦49.33). The result from the tobit regression model showed that household size, educational level and monthly income were statistically significant at 5%, 1% and 1% respectively, implying that they were the variables influencing willingness to pay for organic vegetables in the study area. Independent variables with positive signs i.e. household size and awareness implied that the higher these variables, the more the willingness to pay for organic vegetables. It is therefore recommended that the three tiers of government, including the private sector, should mount serious awareness campaigns to sensitize Nigerian populace on numerous benefits of organic farming especially on health, finance and environment.