Asian Research Journal of Agriculture
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Nutritional Content of Underutilized Vegetable Crops: A Source for Nutritional Security and Human Health
No full textVegetables are essential to a balanced diet and are the primary force behind the achievement of global nutritional security due to their presence of nutrients, vitamins, and minerals. Vegetable crops classified as underused are those that are neither widely traded nor farmed on a commercial basis. Underutilized crop species have the potential to boost the country\u27s economy but have not received enough attention because of a decline in focus on their production, consumption, and utilization. An examination of the literature found that most underutilized crop species are nutritious, and some even have medicinal properties. Vegetables that are underutilized may be significant locally or regionally, but they are typically not valued or approved nationally. The plant species that are traditionally used for food, fiber, fodder, oil, or medicinal purposes are the underutilized vegetable crops. Nonetheless, such species have untapped potential to provide environmental benefits, economic production, nutrition, health, and food security. Using underused crops improves rural populations\u27 health and contributes to the fight against malnutrition-related problems. Unused vegetables are a rich source of energy, fats, proteins, carbohydrates, and vitamins and minerals. These nutrients can help prevent and treat a number of illnesses, including hypertension, cancer, kwashiorkor, marasmus, night blindness, anemia, diabetes, and hidden hunger. Important underutilized vegetable crops include kale, broad beans, asparagus, amaranthus, basella, moringa, ivy gourds, globe artichokes, and others. India\u27s soil and climate are ideal for growing a variety of underutilised vegetables. As a result, the Indian government has started to promote the underutilized vegetables. In conclusion, underutilized vegetable production can help address the shortage of per capita consumption availability and address nutritional issues while creating jobs and raising rural residents\u27 incomes, all of which have the potential to boost the national economy
The Impact of Varying Levels of Tectona grandis Leafmeal on the Performance of Broiler Chickens
No full textThis study assessed the impact of varying levels of Tectona grandis leafmeal (TGLM) dietary supplementation on the performance of broiler chickens. A basal diet divided into four portions designated diet 1 (the control) and diets 2, 3 and 4 supplemented with 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6%, respectively. One hundred and forty four broiler chicks were randomly assigned to the four experimental diets (36 birds per diet; 9 birds per replicate) using a Completely Randomized Design. At the finisher phase the body weight gain and feed conversion ratio of the birds fed 0.2 and 0.6% TGLM supplemented diets was better (P<0.05) than those fed control diet and 0.4% TGLM supplemented diets. Serum cholesterol concentration was significantly (P<0.05) lower in the birds fed 0.4 and 0.6% TGLM supplemented diets compared to control diet. The catalase concentration in the birds fed 0.4 and 0.6% TGLM supplemented diets were (P<0.05) higher than those birds fed control diet and 0.2% TGLM supplemented diets while the glutathione peroxidase concentration in the birds fed 0.4% TGLM supplemented diets was higher (P<0.05) than those fed control diet, 0.2 and 0.6% TGLM supplemented diet. The lipid peroxidation in the birds fed 0.6% TGLM supplemented diets was (P<0.05) significantly lower compared to the control diet, 0.2% and 0.4% TGLM supplemented diets. The live-weight of the birds fed 0.4 and 0.6% TGLM supplemented diet was higher (P<0.05) than those fed control diet and 0.2% TGLM supplemented diets. The colour score of birds fed 0.4% TGLM supplemented diets was higher (P<0.05) than those fed other diets. The overall acceptability score thigh meat of birds fed 0.4% TGLM supplemented diet was significantly (P<0.05) higher compared to other experimental diets. It was concluded that TGLM supplementation in this study has phytochemicals of health benefits and possess antioxidant properties
Evaluating the Impact and Challenges of Farmer Producer Organizations on Agricultural Development in Jaipur District, Rajasthan, India
No full textThis paper examines the role of Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) in agricultural development, focusing on their impact on income, employment, and work activities alongside the prevalent challenges they face. Through a detailed analysis of survey data, the effectiveness of FPOs is evaluated in key areas such as food availability, healthcare, and education. Additionally, the study identifies critical barriers including financial access, policy constraints, and the need for technical training. By highlighting these issues, the research aims to provide insights into improving FPO operations and enhancing their contribution to sustainable agricultural growth, thus supporting farmer empowerment and economic development
Study on Genetic Variability for Forage Yield and Quality Traits in Forage Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor L. Moench]
No full textThe initial research related to germplasm screening was carried out in the experimental area of Instructional Dairy Farm, GBPUAT Pantnagar during kharif season 2018. The experimental material for this experiment consisted of two hundreds and eighty diverse germplasm lines of sorghum along with six checks viz., SSG 59-3, Pant Chari- 5, Pant Chari- 6, CSV-21 F, CSH-22S, and CSV-24SS. The germplasm lines were evaluated in Augmented Block Design for nineteen forage yield related traits and thirteen quality traits. The statistical analysis for genetic variability was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA), heritability (h2), genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), and genetic advance (GA). The analysis of variance revealed that the genotypes and checks were showing a highly significant differences for all the traits under study indicated existence of inherent genetic differences among genotypes for different characters. Mean performance of forage yield and quality related traits exhibited a wide range of variability. GCV and PCV values were observed low for most of the characters whereas high for anthracnose, zonate leaf spot and shoot fly incidence. The value of genetic advance was observed high for leaf area, green fodder yield per plant, dry fodder yield per plant, hydrocyanic acid content, plant height, anthracnose, and shoot fly incidence were relatively more than other characters. Genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed low for days to maturity, dry matter per cent, in-vitro dry matter disappearance, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, cellulose content whereas high for leaf area, flag leaf width, panicle length, panicle width, 1000-grains weight, grain yield per plant, green fodder yield per plant, dry fodder yield per plant, total soluble solids, silica content, anthracnose, zonate leaf spot and shoot fly incidence. Heritability values were found high for all the traits under study. The genotypes bearing the desired values for different genetic variability parameters and mean performance for can be exploited in future breeding programmes for the improving forage genotypes. These genotypes can be used as donor parents in crop improvement programme for improving forage yield and quality related traits along with improved resistance against anthracnose, shooty fly and zonate leaf spot
Evaluation of Newly Released Open Pollinated Tomato Varieties for Yield and Yield Components Performance in Northwestern Zone of Tigray
No full textTomato is one of the most important horticultural cash crops in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. However, tomato production and productivity is limited by several factors such as disease and pests, lack of improved varieties and poor agronomic practice. Therefore, field experiment was conducted in 2017 and 2018 irrigation season to select and identify the best and high yielder tomato varieties. Seven improved Open Pollinated Variety namely; Gelilama, Mersa, Sirinka-I, Woyno, Tekeze-1, Melkashola and Melkasalsa were tested for their yield and yield performance. Significant differences were observed among the varieties across locations. The current findings showed that the highest marketable yield was obtained from Gelilama (55.58 t ha-1) & (49.59 t ha-1) followed by Melkasalsa (49.42 & 45.81 t ha-1) in Tselemti and M/zana woreda’s respectively. Based on the current study Gelilama and Melkasalsa varieties had given higher yield in both locations. Therefore, Gelilama and Melkasalsa varieties should be recommended for demonstration and scale-up in the study areas
Effect of Feeding Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Powder on Body Weight of Konkan Kanyal Kids
No full textAn experimental trial was carried out to assess the impact of feeding ginger (Zingiber officinale) powder on the body weight of Konkan Kanyal kids. Twenty kids were selected and divided into five treatment groups using a Randomized Block Design (RBD), with each treatment further subdivided into four replications. All animals received a complete feed consisting of mulato grass, jowar kadabi, and a concentrate mixture. Treatment T1 served as the control with no ginger powder supplementation, while treatments T2, T3, T4, and T5 were supplemented with 3.0 g, 6.0 g, 9.0 g, and 12.0 g of ginger powder, respectively. The trial lasted for 90 days. There was significant (P<0.05) increase in body weight in treatment T5 which was supplemented with 12 g ginger powder than T4 T3, T2 and T1, after 90 days of ginger powder feeding. From present study it showed that feeding of ginger powder @ 12 gm improved about 18% body weight of Konkan Kanyal kids than control
Effect of Supplementation of Spirulina (Spirulina platensis) on Growth Performance of Broiler in Konkan Region, India
No full textThe experimental trial of six weeks was conducted on 200 broiler chicks. They were randomly distributed into five experimental treatment groups. Each treatment group was replicated into four with 10 birds per replication. The control (T1) group was fed standard ration and T2, T3, T4 and T5 group were provided same standard ration supplemented with 1.00 g, 2.00 g, 3.00 g and 4.00 g spirulina powder, respectively. The result of experimental trial showed that supplementation of spirulina powder was significantly highest live body weight in treatment T5 (1944.50 g/bird) as well as average live body weight gain (277.79 g/bird). It is concluded that, 4.00 g of spirulina powder significantly improved growth performance of broiler chicks than other treatments groups
Analyzing the Effect of Germination on Nutritional Characteristics of Kodo Millet Flour and Its Role in Rusk Development
No full textMillets, the underutilized groups of cereal grains are considered as rich source of energy, carbohydrate and protein. Due to the presence of vitamins, minerals, essential fatty acids, phytochemicals and antioxidants that can help to eradicate several nutritional deficiency diseases, they are now termed as ‘nutri-cereals’ They contain appreciable quantities of phytochemicals such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, catechins, phytic acid and phytosterols. Owing to their important contribution in food security and potential health benefits, millet grains are now main topic of research for food scientists. This study thus aimed to develop kodo millet flour (KMF) via varying germination time (0h, 24h, 48h, and 72h) of kodo millet and preparing a bakery product (rusk) using the optimized KMF at varying concentrations of 0, 20, 30 and 50%. The germinated KMF were subjected to physiological studies, namely germination loss and germination efficiency. Optimum germination time was observed to be 48 h due to its high germination efficiency and a significantly lower germination loss as compared to 72 h of germination. Proximate analysis of KMF helped determine the increase in protein and fibre content of the germinated flour and a decreased ash, fat and moisture content. The significant changes (p ≤ 0.05) observed in all the analyses, helped determine the effect of different germination periods on various properties of dehusked kodo millet, and further optimize a particular germination time for better quality flour which would be used to form rusk. The results of this study thus suggested that germination of kodo millet could be effectively used to prepare kodo millet flour and further use it to prepare various baked products having good consumer acceptability
Evaluating the Efficacy of Vermiwash Foliar Spray on Yield and Nutrient Uptake in Okra
No full textA field experiment was conducted during the Kharif season of 2023-24 at the Division of Soil Science, Dr. Sharadchandra Pawar College of Agriculture, Baramati to assess the efficacy of vermiwash foliar spray on yield and nutrient uptake in okra. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications included eight treatments (T1-T8) with combinations of GRDF and vermiwash sprays applied at 30, 38 and 46 DAS and evaluated yield along with the uptake of macronutrients (N, P, K) and micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu). The application of vermiwash foliar sprays significantly enhanced the nutrient uptake of N, P and K in okra. The highest yield (26.66-ton ha⁻¹) and nutrient uptake, including N (76.83 kg ha⁻¹), P (21.60 kg ha⁻¹), K (49.06 kg ha⁻¹), Fe (819.1 g ha⁻¹), Mn (479.12 g ha⁻¹), Zn (153.63 g ha⁻¹) and Cu (203.45 g ha⁻¹) were observed in T8 (100% GRDF + 30% vermiwash) followed by T7, T6 and T5. Treatments with lower vermiwash concentrations showed reduced nutrient uptake, and statistical analysis revealed significant differences among the treatments. It was concluded that combining higher concentrations of vermiwash with GRDF significantly improves okra yield and nutrient uptake
Effect of Potassium Fertigation Levels on the Yield of Jalapeno pepper Grown in Red Bole Soil under Polyhouse Conditions
No full textAn experiment conducted at Instructional Farm Polyhouse, Department of Soil Science, Dr. Sharadchandra Pawar College of Agriculture, Baramati. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with four replications. The treatments were five, viz., T1- Control, T2- Recommended dose of fertilizer, T3- Recommended dose of nitrogen and phosphorus (RDNP) + 125% Recommended dose of potassium (RDK), T4- Recommended dose of nitrogen and phosphorus (RDNP) + 150% Recommended dose of potassium (RDK) and T5- Recommended dose of nitrogen and phosphorus (RDNP) + 175% Recommended dose of potassium (RDK). Data were taken on yield contributing characters and yield and the collected data were statistically analyzed for evaluation of the treatment effects. The yield contributing characters like fruit length (7.10 cm), fruit diameter (2.51 cm), no. of fruits per plant (28.19) and weight of fruit (20.56 gm) was obtained highest in treatment T5 i.e. RDNP + 175% RDK. The greatest fruit yield per hectare was obtained in T5 treatment (25.22 t/ha). The study revealed that, application of RDNP+ 175% RDK by fertigation from 10 DAT to 60 DAT was found to be optimum for growing of Jalapeno pepper in red bole soil under polyhouse condition