Asian Research Journal of Agriculture
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Rice Variety Screening for Blast Control in Burkina Faso
No full textRice blast, caused by Maganporthe oryzae, is a fungal disease that causes enormous damage in rice fields in Burkina Faso. This study aimed to test the resistance of four rice varieties to this disease in a semi-controlled environment. The study was carried out over two consecutive years, 2022 and 2023, on the experimental site of the Institute for Research in Applied Sciences and Technologies in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The plant material was composed of KBR2, KBR4, KBR6 and KBR8 rice varieties. The fungal material used for the varietal resistance test was M. oryzae strain BF0201. It is a strain from Burkina Faso isolated from rice leaves collected at the Farakô-Bâ site. The choice of this strain was justified by its level of virulence. The experimental design used was a randomised block with three replications. The parameters assessed were leaf and panicle severity, leaf and panicle incidence, grain yield and percentage yield loss. The results showed that the KBR8 variety was moderately susceptible to blast with a mean of 48.77% of the leaf area affected over the two experimentation years. While the KBR2, KBR4 and KBR6 varieties were susceptible to leaf blast with a mean of the leaf area affected over the two experimentation years of 54.33%, 51.66% and 53.89% respectively. The KBR8 variety was moderately resistant to panicle blast with a mean severity of 24,07%. This variety recorded the highest grain yield (59.99 g/pot) and the lowest loss rate (9.14%) with a mean of leaf and panicle incidences of 64.33% and 39.86% respectively.This variety can be improved and used as a means of varietal control against rice blast in rice fields in Burkina Faso
Mechanical Properties of Sorghum (S. bicolor) in Relation to Harvesting
No full textMechanical properties of cereal crops are crucial for designing effective harvesting mechanisms. This study determined the cutting energy and forces of sorghum stalk using pendulum impact experimental test rig for various stalk diameters (10, 15, 20 and 25 mm) and cutting velocities (4.5, 5.5, 6.5 and 7.5 m/s). Results indicated that cutting energy ranged from 3.40 J at a blade velocity of 7.5 m/s to 26.91J at a blade cutting velocity of 4.5 m/s for a 25 mm sorghum stalk diameter. A maximum cutting force of 1076.53 N was recorded at the blade\u27s cutting velocity of 4.5 m/s for the 25mm stalk diameter. However, minimum cutting energy was 340.7 N at blade\u27s cutting velocity of 7.5 m/s for a10 mm sorghum stalk diameter. Cutting forces and blade velocities had a linear relationship. These findings serve as a basis for designing effective and cutting mechanism for sorghum harvesters
Impact of Frontline Demonstration in Adoption of Production Technology and Economics of Banana Production at Farmers Field of Tumakuru District, India
No full textThe study was conducted on impact of frontline demonstration in adoption of production technology and economics of Banana production at farmers field of Tumakuru district, Karnataka state during the year from 2017-18 to 2019-20. The main objective of Front Line Demonstrations (FLDs) is to demonstrate newly released crop production and protection technologies and its management practices at the farmer’s field under different agro-climatic regions and farming situations. The demonstrated plot yield obtained through frontline demonstrations was higher (340 q/ha) than the actual yield obtained by the farmers on their farm under own management practices (260 q/ha), but lower than the potential yield of Banana (400 q/ha).The data revealed that the total yield gap between potential yield and actual yield of Banana was 35.00 per cent, in which 23.53 per cent of yield gap between demonstration plot and actual farmers plot yield and 15.00 per cent of technological gap. The maximum number of Banana growers was adopted Sucker Management (86.67 %) and irrigation method (86.67 %), whereas lesser adoption of banana bunch feeding (30.00%). More number of farmers was found to increase in adoption per cent of soil sample analysis from Banana plot (60.00 %) and Selection of suckers and treatment (56.67 %). There was significantly increased the yield of Banana (30.77 %) after conducted the frontline demonstration. The gross return, net return and B:C ratio were also found to increase in demonstrated plot as compared to farmers practice. The adoption of different production package of practices in Banana shows positive impact on yield and economics of Banana through adoption of demonstrated technology
Exploring the Constraints and Factors in the Potential Adoption of Conservation Agriculture in Bangladesh
No full textConservation agriculture (CA) is an alternative technique to conventional resource-intensive farming. It is advocated as a sustainable agricultural production approach for achieving improved land and labor productivity with minimal soil disturbance. Despite its proven benefits and widespread promotion from national and international agencies, the adoption rate of CA is substantially low among the farmers in many developing countries, including Bangladesh. This study explores perceived barriers for CA adoption in relation to farmers’ socioeconomic and demographic characteristics using data collected from 220 farmers who have not adopted CA in Bangladesh. Statistical data analysis reveals the lack of specialized machines required for CA farming as the most critical constraint perceived by the farmers. A lack of knowledge and information is also perceived as a crucial constraint. The results of multiple regression analysis show that formal education, training experience, timely availability of machines, and farm size are significant determinants of these constraints. Making critical machines, knowledge, input subsidies, and local-level extension services widely available for farmers can stimulate CA adoption
Effect of Different Post Emergence Herbicides on Productivity and Weed Dynamics of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Transplanted Condition
No full textAn experiment was conducted during the Kharif 2022 at Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh to assess the effect of herbicides on growth and yield of transplanted rice. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replication and nine distinct treatments. Among all the treatments, highest values of yield attributing characters viz., effective tillers m-2, number of grains panicle-1, number of filled grains panicle-1, panicle length, panicle weight and grain yield (57.44 q ha-1) were found under hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAT closely followed by penoxsulam 1.02% + cyhalofop butyl 5.1% OD (RM) @ 135 g a.i. ha-1 among the chemical weed control. Lowest values of above characters were obtained under unweeded control. The experimental field was dominated with Echinochloa colona, Alternanthera sessilis, Cyperus iria, Cyperus difformis, Cynodon dactylon and Eclipta prostrata throughout the crop growth period. Minimum total weed density (0.88 - 3.53 m-2) and total weed dry weight (0.94 - 4.66 g m-2) were registered under hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAT followed by application of penoxsulam 1.02% + cyhalofop butyl 5.1% OD (RM) @ 135 g a.i. ha-1 at different time intervals. Weed control efficiency was found highest in hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAT and lowest in unweeded control
A Review of Navigation and SLAM Technologies in Orchard Environments
No full textThis paper reviews the research status of orchard environment navigation technology and Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) technology. In the field of orchard navigation, researchers primarily utilize LiDAR and visual sensors to achieve autonomous navigation, enhancing the operational efficiency of robots through map construction and path planning. LiDAR, with its all-weather operational capability, shows broad application prospects in orchard environments, while visual sensors perform poorly under limited lighting conditions. As a core technology for robot navigation, SLAM has evolved from traditional methods to modern optimization algorithms. Currently, laser SLAM and visual SLAM each have their advantages in different scenarios. Laser SLAM demonstrates higher robustness in complex environments, while visual SLAM is more cost-effective and better at capturing detailed environmental information. Future research will focus on multi-sensor fusion and algorithm optimization to further improve the navigation capabilities of robots in complex environments
Agronomic Response of Greengram (Vigna radiata L.) Varieties to Varied Sowing Windows during Late Rabi Season
No full textThe present field experiment was conducted during late rabi, 2024-25 at dryland farm of S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati Campus of Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Andhra Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in spit-plot design with three sowing windows under main plots and four varieties under subplots. The greengram variety LGG 630 sown during II Fortnight of December recorded significantly higher growth attributing characters like plant height, leaf area index, number of branches, dry matter production of greengram
Changes in Major Rice Cultivars in Korea Since 2000: Past Achievements, Current Status and Future Prospects
No full textThis review examines major rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars in Korea from the 2000 to 2024, focusing on breeding trends, yield, and cultivation area. Since the 2000s, breeding priorities shifted from yield maximization to grain quality and disease resistance. Cultivars released between 2000 and 2010, such as Haedam rice, Saeilmi, and Ilpum, had medium- to medium-late maturity, plant heights of 75–82 cm, short to medium culms, and strong resistance to rice blast and bacterial leaf blight. Average grain yields ranged from 548 to 567 kg per 10 a, and amylose content varied from 19.6% to 23.5%, supporting high eating quality. Cultivars from 2010 to 2024, including Alchanmi, Jingwang, and Saecheongmu, showed balanced yield components, plant heights of 67–82 cm, and milling yields of 5.38–5.91 t ha⁻¹. During this period, national rice production declined by ~30%, from 5.38 million tons in 2005 to 3.80 million tons in 2024, and cultivation area fell from 1.05 million ha in 2000 to 0.72 million ha in 2020. Dual-track breeding strategies are recommended: (1) stable dissemination of high-quality, disease-resistant cultivars and (2) development of differentiated cultivars for processed foods and niche markets, including long-grain, aromatic, and pigmented rice. These strategies aim to improve grain quality, yield, and milling efficiency while supporting sustainable rice production and food security
Impact of Panama Disease of Banana Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 on Banana Growers
No full textThis study explores the socio-economic impact of Panama disease (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4) on small-scale banana growers in Davao del Norte using a quantitative research design. A total of 372 farmers from Tagum, Panabo, Asuncion, and Kapalong were surveyed through stratified random sampling. The results reveal that 55% of the farmers are aged 51 and above, and 84% are male. Most have secondary-level education (52%), with only 5% having completed college. Regarding land tenure, 50% own their land, while 47% are lessees. The majority (78%) operate farms between 1 to 5 hectares. Although banana production is export-driven, effective disease control remains lacking. Only 25% use both organic and inorganic inputs, and just 2% practice crop rotation. Awareness of Panama disease is widespread; however, only 33% of respondents have received formal training, exposing a major gap in extension services. The disease has impacted all surveyed farmers, with 57% experiencing at least a 50% drop in income and yield. As a result, 95% have reduced spending on basic needs, and 96% sought alternative income sources. Despite these challenges, 98% of farmers are willing to adopt disease-resistant varieties, and 91% already implement disease control strategies. However, only 43% have received government assistance. The study emphasizes the urgent need for improved training, financial support, and stronger government intervention to sustain banana farming in the region
Optimizing Nutrient Management and Economic in Sweet Corn-vegetable Intercropping for Sustainable Agriculture
No full textThis research examined nutrient management approaches in sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata) intercropped with root and bulb vegetables during the rabi season of 2020 at S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh. The study employed a split-plot design with three intercropping combinations (sweet corn with knol khol, radish and onion) as main plots and four fertilizer levels (100% RDF for sweet corn only, 100% RDF for sweet corn plus 75% RDF to intercrop, 100% RDF for sweet corn plus 50% RDF to intercrop and 100% RDF for sweet corn plus 25% RDF for the intercrop) as sub-plots, with three replications. Findings revealed that intercropping sweet corn with radish, along with application of 100% RDF for sweet corn and 75% RDF for radish, recorded the highest sweet corn equivalent yield (18589 kg ha-1), gross returns (₹3,09,586 ha-1), net returns (₹2,42,225 ha-1) and benefit-cost ratio (4.59). The lowest sweet corn equivalent yield (12842 kg ha-1), gross returns ((₹1,83,828 ha-1), net returns ((₹1,17,571 ha-1) and B:C (2.77) ratios were observed in sweet corn + onion with 100% RDF to sweet corn alone. These findings highlighted the potential of sweet corn-vegetable intercropping systems to enhance land use efficiency, improve farm profitability and promote sustainable farming practices in south India, offering useful Insights for farmers and policy makers