Journal of Global Economics, Management and Business Research
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Effect of Microcredit on Welfare of Rural Households in Oyo State, Nigeria
No full textThe impact of microcredit on the livelihoods of poor rural households and its contribution to the socioeconomic development of the poor cannot be underestimated. This study investigated the effect of microcredit on rural households irrespective of the enterprises engaged. Primary data was collected through semi-structured questionnaires. A total of one hundred and fifty rural household heads were interviewed using a multi-stage sampling technique to select the respondents and only 134 (89.33%) questionnaires were used for the analysis. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mean Per Capita Household Expenditure (MPCHE), and ordered logistic regression models. The results of findings showed that 57.46% of the respondents were males, 82.84% were married and 67.91% were literate. The mean of age, household size, and years of formal education were 38.9years, 6.22, and 9.59years respectively. The findings further revealed that household size (Pα0.5), years of formal education (Pα0.1), years of experience (Pα0.1), the interest charged on the credit (Pα0.0a 5), the time lag of credit delivery (Pα0.05), payback period (Pα0.01), and distance to credit source (Pα0.1) were significant to microcredit access in the study area. The ordered logit result revealed that distance to credit source and household total expenditure were significant to welfare level at Pα0.1 and Pα0.01 respectively however, household size and amount borrowed are negatively correlated to welfare level and significant at Pα0.01 and Pα0.1 respectively. The Mean Per Capita Household Expenditure (MPCHE) was N7064.14 with a welfare line of N709.36 and the welfare categories are low (18.66%), average (41.04%), and high (40.30%). It is therefore recommended that the payback period should be extended to allow ease of repayment with low-interest rates and the means of accessing credit should be improved so that more households could benefit. Also, the government should intensify efforts toward education beyond the primary level among rural households
A Study on the Welfare of Fishermen in Mangkang Wetan, Semarang City, Central Java Indonesia
No full textThe life of fishermen is often associated with poverty because of uncertain income depending on catch, weather and season. The capital requirement becomes an obstacle to develop fishery business and fisherman side business. One of the ways for the government to overcome this problem is to provide assistance in the form of grants with main objective is increasing the ability and income of fishermen through the development of small-scale fishing business activities in rural areas in accordance with the potential of fish resources. However, the distribution of grant funds often does not work well and there is a lack of continuous evaluation. This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the level of welfare of fishermen in Mangkang Wetan Sub-district, Semarang City, Indonesia. The research population is 110 people with 21 samples of fishermen receiving Business Capital Program of Rural Development (PUMP beneficiaries) and 53 non-PUMP beneficiaries who do fishing activities using trammel net and bubu traps. Technique of collecting data by interview method with questioner and observation in field. Data analysis technique using regression of dummy variable. Factors affecting the level of welfare of the fishermen in Mangkang Wetan Village, Tugu Sub-district, Semarang are experience, fisherman\u27s income, income of family member of fisherman, education. The variables that have no significant effect are the age, number of family dependents, expenditure and assistance of the PUMP program
How well does the Uncovered Interest Parity Hold during Times of Uncertainty for the CHFNOK Exchange Rate ?
No full textThe work analyzes the validity of the uncovered interest rate parity [UIP] theory during times of uncertainty in explaining the movement of the Norwegian kroner with the Swiss Franc. We used daily, monthly, and quarterly data from the periods 2003 to 2021 to capture the findings. The data used for the study were short-term rates and government bond yields for the two countries\u27 databases and analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The result of the study revealed that the Norwegian kroner appreciates when its interest rate increases over the Swiss franc interest rate. This further suggests that our results from the entire period, including periods of uncertainty, affirm that UIP cannot determining the exact value of the Norwegian kroner compared to the Swiss franc
Unlocking Employee Performance: Factors, Motivation, and Strategic Interventions at CV. Qatar Style Lamongan Indonesia
No full textThis research analyzes employee performance at CV. Qatar Style Lamongan with individual characteristics, organizational commitment and job satisfaction as independent variables. Motivation is used as an intervening variable. A sample of 36 fishing boats production employees was selected using census sampling. Data was collected through questionnaires. Analysis using Partial Least Square via Smartpls 4.0. The characteristic results show that individuals have a negative effect on work motivation, while organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect. Individual characteristics have a positive and significant effect on performance, organizational commitment and job satisfaction have a positive effect on performance. Motivation does not affect the relationship between individual characteristics, organizational commitment and job satisfaction on employee performance
Analysis of the Contribution of the Agricultural Sector to Employment Generation in Nigeria (1999 – 2021)
No full textThis research is on Analysis of the Contribution of Agricultural Sector to Employment Generation in Nigeria. Secondary data sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin and National Bureau of Statistics between 1999 and 2021 were used for data analysis. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression analysis technique was used to estimate and to obtain values for the parameters. The result revealed that though the agricultural sector has significantly contributed to employment generation but not to the extent of lowering the unemployment rate. This is due to the magnitude of the size of the unemployed in Nigeria. It is therefore recommended that since the agricultural sector holds a lot of potentials for employment generation but many yet see agricultural practice as derogatory; there is the need for more awareness to be created and needed machines and equipment purchase to ensure that more people especially young graduates are encouraged to come into agricultural practice rather than waiting for the never forthcoming white collar jobs; as such, the government should create enabling environment for the agricultural sector to thrive. Likewise, there is the need to dwell on the value chain addition of agricultural sector products as this also have potentials of creating more employment opportunities for the unemployed in Nigeria if driven with the right technology. It is through this that the agricultural sector can make significant contribution to employment generation in Nigeria
Privatization Policy and Foreign Competition in Vertically Related Markets
No full textThis paper examines the privatization policy of an upstream state-owned enterprise (SOE) that competes with a foreign private rival and a downstream SOE, wherein the upstream firm supplies an intermediate input to the downstream firms. Specifically, the study investigates two scenarios where the intermediate input is utilized in either the traded or non-traded sector. In the traded sector, foreign competition exists, while the non-traded sector consists of all domestic firms. The findings of the study indicate that, in the model where the downstream is a traded sector, partial privatization of the upstream SOE is not optimal when the downstream SOE is fully nationalized or privatized. On the other hand, in the model where the downstream is a non-traded sector, partial privatization of the upstream SOE is optimal when the downstream SOE is fully nationalized or fully privatized. Therefore, the study suggests that if the upstream industry supplies its product mainly to the non-traded sector, such as domestic transportation or construction, partial privatization of the upstream SOE is recommended. However, if the intermediate input primarily flows to traded sectors, such as steel or international shipment, partial privatization of the upstream SOE is not advisable
Burnout Prevalence and its Associated Factors among Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic
No full textCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global health threat and has placed an extraordinary demand on healthcare workers around the world. More than half of healthcare workers in this phase experienced burnout. The main causes of personal, professional, and patient-related burnout were found to be direct participation in COVID-19 screening or treatment, having a medical condition, and less psychological support at work. Burnout was cited by healthcare employees as being caused by their workloads, the pandemic\u27s uncertainties, difficult work-family balance, and strained working relationships. Burnout syndrome is more directly serving the people working in professions that are seen in important of human relationships. Nursing is one of the human service professions and is specifically vital in the medical and mental health care delivery. In the health professional heavy workload and non-compliance among persons are important risk factors for burnout. Exhaustion appeared to be the major symptom, and many participants utilized problem-focused coping to deal with the adversities experienced during the pandemic. Health workers reported physical, occupational, psychological, and social-related negative impacts resulting from burnout. Burnout is generally associated with higher rates of illness, increased use of alcohol and drugs, lower career satisfaction, high “staff turnover” but also reduced the quality of service, resulting in the poor patient outcome. As the pandemic trajectory is yet unknown, these findings provide early insight and guidance for possible interventions
Organizational Justice and Employee Job Satisfaction in Selected Companies in Rivers State, Nigeria
No full textThis study examined organizational justice and employee job satisfaction in selected Companies in Rivers State. The study adopted a correctional research design. Three research questions and three hypotheses were raised to guide the study. In the context of our current study, the target population consists of 360 employees in ten (10) selected companies in Rivers State. The selection of companies was done through purposive sampling techniques. In determining the sample size, for this study, the Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table was used. From the table, the sample size for a population of 360 is 186 respondents. This study used structured questionnaire titled: Organizational Justice and Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (OJJBQ) for data collection. Questions were measured on a 4-point Likert scale ranging from strongly agree (4 point) to strongly disagree (1 point). The instrument was validated with a reliability index of .874, .940, .889, and .943. Mean and standard deviation was used to answer the research questions, while Spearman Rank Order Correlation was used to measure the relationship between the independent and dependent variables of the study with the aid of Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. The findings from the study revealed that distributive justice, procedural justice, and interpersonal justice have a relationship with employees’ job satisfaction. The study concluded that distributive justice, procedural justice, and interpersonal justice enhance employees’ job satisfaction in the selected companies in Rivers State. The study recommended among others that the distribution and allocation of resources should follow clear and transparent guidelines, which recognize, and are based on agreed sharing ideas or patterns
Sustaining Taxation in Rentier Economies: Evidence from Nigeria
No full textThe rentier state thesis was proposed to explain the unique political and economic nature of governance in resource-rich countries starting in the 1970s. The wealth in a rentier state is usually accrued through extraction and selling of valuable natural resources under the full control of the government which is mainly directed by a ruling elite group. Nigeria is described as a ‘rentier state’ as a result of its mono-economy in which oil rents play a dominant part. The paper examines the rentier state syndrome in Nigeria and how it affects tax revenues, which are largely based on non-oil sector development. The Rentier State Theory was adopted as the theoretical framework of the study. A documentary research design was used for the study. Data collection was done using secondary sources while data analysis involved the use of descriptive statistics and content analysis. Findings of the study revealed that oil revenue has over the years surpassed tax revenue and remains the mainstay of the Nigerian economy. It also showed that the imbalance between tax revenues and resource rents in Nigeria is due to quick profits from oil; opportunistic rent seeking and rent grabbing; weak private sector; and the desire by political elites to undermine transparency and accountability that comes with a functional tax system. The study recommends economic diversification, deregulation, digitalization and tax transparency as mechanisms for sustaining tax revenues in Nigeria’s rentier economy
Effect of IT Alignment on Employee Performance and the Operating Role of Operating Environment
No full textThe thesis was about the information technology alignment and employee performance in private service sector a case of Umeme Uganda limited. The study set out to: examine the IT Alignment practices in Umeme (U) Limited; to analyses the relationship between IT Alignment and employee performance; and to examine the moderating role of the operating environment on the relationship between IT Alignment and employee performance. The study was cross-sectional in nature, using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires, and interviews with top management of Umeme limited central Uganda. Out of a population of 290, the study targeted a sample size of 165 respondents. The study applied Statistical Programmed for Social Scientists (SPSS) to test all four hypotheses. The results were presented as descriptive statistics and inferential statistics specifically correlation, regression analysis and hierarchical regression analysis models. The study confirmed a positive significant predictor relationship between information technology alignment and employee performance in Umeme this was done by Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA).
The moderating role of the operating environment on the relationship between IT Alignment and employee performance at Umeme (U) Limited Central Uganda using a hierarchical regression analysis where interaction term (ITA*OP) appeared a significant predictor of employee performance The study designed a model, the Information Technology Alignment Innovative Preference Model (ITAIP) to build capacities and conduct research activities that would result in long-term and sustainable improvements in employee performance in private service sector. The study concluded that since ITA influence employee performance, the management of Umeme in support of IT needs to build a dynamic ITAIP, that will enable them cope with continuous improvement for greater efficacy and increased productivity as protocols are more strictly followed when orienting new employees. The study suggests that in order to build and install new IT governance the firm needs a detailed knowledge of how to improve efficiency, Costs optimization, Collaboration, collective decision, commitment, time management, creativity and digital work to release new services to customers, Transformational of ITA and improve the overall quality of the IT services provided in UMEME limited Uganda.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to empirically establish the relationship between IT alignment practices and employee performance in the Private Service Sector particularly in Umeme Limited.
Design/methodology/approach: The study took a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical design. Out of a sample size of 165 employees, a total of 165 usable questionnaires were identified implying a response rate of 100%. The paper applied Statistical Programme for Social Scientists (SPSS) to test four hypotheses. The results are presented in terms of correlation and simple regression analysis models.
Findings: Results indicate that of the four hypotheses developed in literature review, three were positive and significant predictors of employee performance. IT governance, IT implementation and IT investment were found to be significant positive precursors of employee performance. The authors did not test the Integration of IT activities – employee performance association as Integration of IT activities was eliminated during Exploratory Factor Analysis.
Practical implications: This study is relevant and useful to private service entities as it provides them with a blue print on how to implement IT alignment practices with the aim of improving employee performance. To policy makers at National level, the study outcomes will be helpful in collecting, analyzing, and disseminating economic data that will serve private decision makers at all levels, on fiscal and monetary policy, business finance and investment strategy, and personal household economic matters.
Originality/value: This study demonstrates that the proper implementation of IT alignment practices leads to improvements in employee performance in terms of collaboration, collective decision making, commitment, time management, creativity and digital work within the workplace