Asian Journal of Economics, Finance and Management
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Financing Post-disaster Recovery Through Islamic Banking: Instruments, Case Studies and Policy Implications
Get PDFThis study delves into the critical importance of both immediate relief and long-term rebuilding efforts following a natural disaster strike. It highlights the urgent need for a well-organised, up-to-date, and centralised system to facilitate the prompt delivery of aid to those who need it the most. This study also examines the financial challenges of financing reconstruction efforts and explores the unique role of Islamic banks in addressing this issue.
This study emphasises the principles of Islamic banking that promote sustainable development and social responsibility. It further explores the various financial contracts employed to finance reconstruction projects, such as mudarabah, musharakah, and Sukuk. This study shows that Islamic finance can play a significant role in rebuilding communities and promoting economic growth in the aftermath of a natural disaster
Contractor Capacity and Inffrastructure Project Performance: Evidence from Road Construction Projects in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Get PDFResearch on project performance underscores the importance of meeting cost and schedule targets to ensure successful and quality outcomes. In Kenya, a significant 56% of road construction projects suffer from cost overruns, delays, and subpar results. This study focuses on Nairobi City County and examines how contractor capacity—specifically financial, technical, managerial, and regulatory compliance—affects road construction project performance. The primary objective was to investigate the relationship between contractor competence and the execution of specific road projects. The study aimed to benefit government agencies, private contractors, and public stakeholders involved in road development. It employed a descriptive research design targeting five major road projects in the county. Respondents included engineers from the Ministry of Roads, Kenya Urban Roads Authority (KURA), technical auditors, and contractor consultants, totaling 75 professionals. Data collection was done via questionnaires, and the analysis utilized both descriptive statistics and inferential methods, such as correlation and multiple linear regression. The analysis revealed an R-square value of 0.727, indicating that 72.7% of variations in project performance could be explained by contractors' financial, technical, organizational, and regulatory capacities. The remaining 27.3% were influenced by other factors. Key recommendations include enhancing technical capacity through modern training and technology, strengthening financial and organizational structures, and ensuring full regulatory compliance. The study suggests future research should explore the impact of technological advancements, financial models, leadership dynamics, regulatory frameworks, and conduct broader geographic comparisons to improve the understanding and outcomes of road construction projects
Internal Control Constraints and Performance of Revenue Collection in Marsabit County
Get PDFMarsabit County from 2018 to 2023, experienced a consistent decline in tax revenue, despite having a legislative and institutional framework for revenue management. This trend raised concerns about the county government's ability to meet its goals. The study aimed to assess how weaknesses in internal oversight influenced tax revenue generation, focusing on the impact of internal control automation, risk assessment, communication, knowledge, and monitoring technologies. The research was grounded in agency theory, stakeholder theory, resource-based view (RBV) theory, and the technology acceptance model. A descriptive research design was adopted, targeting 80 employees from the Finance, Health, Tourism & Trade, and Lands departments of Marsabit County Government. Using a stratified sampling method, 67 individuals were selected as the study sample. The study collected data from both primary and secondary sources. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to gather primary data, while a secondary data collection template was used for secondary information. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. This investigation sought to provide insights into how internal control limitations affected revenue collection efficiency, ultimately offering recommendations for improved fiscal performance in the county
The Role of Growth Strategies in Enhancing the Performance of Commercial Banks in Busia County, Kenya
No full textCommercial Banks in Kenya play a bigger role in the growth of our nation. Dynamic changes by the regulator, combined with stiff rivalry, have caused several banking institutions in Kenya to experience declining performance. Commercial banks have faced performance challenges as evidenced by the decline in gross profit, liquidity ratios, and asset quality. This research sought to find out how growth strategies influenced commercial banks’ performance in Busia County, Kenya. The theory of performance, Ansoff matrix theory, and strategic choice theory anchored the study. Data was collected with the use of structured questionnaires. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and presented using tables, graphs, and charts, with research findings revealing that 76.2% of the performance of commercial banks was influenced by the growth strategies. Performance was measured through gross profits, liquidity ratios, asset quality, and customer satisfaction. Additionally, it was found that Diversification had the biggest impact on firm performance, followed by product development, market penetration, and market development. The conclusion drawn showed that the performance of commercial banks was positively and significantly influenced by the growth strategies. It was recommended that commercial banks should practice growth strategies for better performance. Commercial banks should seek strategic partnerships that would lift the profile of their banks. The government should create infrastructure that supports market penetration. Policymakers to create policies towards the protection of intellectual property rights to prevent unhealthy competition. For further research, it was recommended that scientists investigate the effect of growth strategies on other financial institutions, like insurance firms and mortgage providers
Leadership style and Employees’ Performance in Local Government Administration: The Case of Ughelli, South LGA in Delta State, Nigeria
No full textLeadership style is a key driver of employees’ performance in both public and private institutions. Local government employees in Nigeria have been underperforming since the restoration of democracy in 1999. No doubt, local governments need effective and transformation leadership styles to operate efficiently with a view to driving development at the local levels. Therefore, this study examines the nexus between leadership style and employees’ performance in local government administration with particular focus on Ughelli-South Local Government Area of Delta state, Nigeria. Previous studies were reviewed on the subjects of leadership and employee’s performance. The study employed a survey research design and made use of primary data obtained from a well- structured questionnaire distributed to a sample of two hundred and seventy (270) employees extracted from a population size of eight hundred and thirty-two (832) and calculated using Taro Yamani formula for sample size determination. The data were presented in tables and analyzed using chi-square method. Arising from this, the study revealed the following: (a) There is a positive relationship between leadership styles and employee performance (b) That the bureaucratic leadership style in Nigeria local government administration particularly in Ughelli-South local affects employees’ performance negatively (c) That transformation leadership gets the best out of employees. Based on the research finding; the study recommends among others the following: Leaders should develop a cordial, mutual and embracing understanding with their employees or subordinates. There should be a top down approach in leadership so as to allow subordinates take part in making decisions that affect them. Employees should always communicate their feelings to their superiors, either pertaining to their behaviour towards them or decisions that affect them negatively. There is an urgent need for superiors and leaders at the local government level to embrace democratic and transformation leadership styles which will improve employees’ performance with a view to enhancing governance and deliver the dividends of democracy at the local level
Artificial Intelligence and Profitability in East Africa. A Case of Bank of Kigali, Rwanda
No full textThe study comprised of artificial intelligence and how it influences profitability. Regression analysis was conducted to test relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The underpinning theories included resourcebased theory and technology acceptance theory. The study used questionnaire to collect primary data which was analyzed through Statistical package for social sciences. A purposive sampling was conducted on the employees at Bank of Kigali. The results indicated positive relationship between the variables. Moreover, the statistical analysis confirmed a strong and positive relationship between AI and profitability, with correlation coefficients of 0.801, 0.783, and 0.799 for customer service, risk management, and operational efficiency respectively. The findings were beneficial to various stakeholders in academic sector, banking and information technology especially artificial intelligence
Resource-Use Efficiency in the Coconut Cultivation: A Comparative Analysis of PM KISAN Beneficiaries and Non-Beneficiaries
No full textCoconut farming is a major economic activity in the agrarian sector in Tamil Nadu and the utilisation of the resources remains inefficient because of the high-cost of inputs and uneven distributions of land. This study explores how the PM KISAN Scheme affected the efficiency of resource utilisation in the coconut farmers in relation to beneficiary and non-beneficiary farmers in the Salem District. These are aimed at determining the socio-economic profiles of the farmers and to determine the impact of the scheme on production costs, returns and technical efficiency. The Cobb-Douglas production function, cost and return analysis with the primary data comprising of 100 randomly selected farmers were used. The findings show that beneficiaries have better yields, lower costs, and net returns than non-beneficiaries. The scheme has also a positive influence on the technical efficiency and this is supported by the factors such as education and family size. The research finds that PM KISAN contributes to the efficiency of the use of resources to a significant extent, and this aspect necessitates the further improvement of the implementation to derive the best advantages
The State of Self-help Groups (SHGs) in Afghanistan: Evidence-based Analysis of the SHGs Situation and Implications for Social and Sustainable Development
Get PDFSelf-help groups have played a crucial role in fostering community empowerment, economic sustainability, and social resilience in conflict-affected regions like Afghanistan. This article explores the SHGs' situation, focusing on their role in socio-economic development and challenges they face due to political volatility, cultural norms, and infrastructural limitations. Therefore, the article checked if the Afghanistan Rural Enterprise Development Program (AREDP) groups are functional in post implementation era and also it outlines some major issues identified in AREDP and Women Economic Empowerment Development Program (WEERDP) groups and suggested some policy majors to overcome these issues. The assessment, conducted in June 2021, and assessed the functionality of SHGs and Village Savings & Loan Associations (VSLAs) promoted under the AREDP in all the four targeted provinces (Balkh, Herat, Nangrahar and Parwan). The study found that while groups were negatively affected by the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and lack of post-implementation support, while the VSLAs maintained regular operations on more sustainable way. In addition, the SHGs and VSLAs of WEERDP during 2020, across all six regions (Kabul, Nangarhar, Khost, Balkh, Herat and Kandahar) were monitored. The major issues groups disintegrations and groups members’ dropout were identified. Furthermore, the current political and economic environment in Afghanistan has created additional uncertainties for SHGs, considering the unique socio-political context and the ongoing challenges including economic instability, Security concerns, and a lack of institutional support often hinder the functioning and sustainability of SHGs in post-2021 This manuscript provides essential insights into the current scenario of SHGs in Afghanistan. The empirical data collected offers crucial information about their status and suggests ways to improve the situation. This research can help stakeholders develop strategies to enhance the economic conditions of society
Moderating Effect of Cost of Capital in the Investment Decisions–firm Value Nexus: Evidence from Nigeria’s Manufacturing Sector
Get PDFThis study examines the moderating role of the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) on the relationship between investment decisions—specifically in Property, Plant, and Equipment Assets (PPEAI) and Inventory Investment (II)—and firm value in Nigeria’s manufacturing sector. Using panel data from 42 manufacturing firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) from 2013 to 2023, the study applies fixed-effects panel regression and interaction models to evaluate how WACC influences investment effectiveness. The findings reveal that PPEAI has a positive and significant effect on firm value, whereas II shows a negative and significant direct effect. Furthermore, WACC negatively moderates the PPEAI–firm value relationship while positively moderating the II–firm value relationship. These results underscore the critical role of costsof capital in shaping corporate investment outcomes. The study offers theoretical contributions grounded in the Dynamic Investment Theory, Pecking Order Theory, and Resource-Based View, while also providing actionable recommendations for corporate managers and policymakers seeking to enhance firm value through cost-effective investment strategies
Evaluating Change Management Practices and Their Impact on Organizational Performance: A Case Study of NCBA Bank Kenya Plc
Get PDFOrganizational performance has increasingly become a focus for companies, especially after the 2008 global economic crisis. Change management practices are among the key strategies employed to sustain and enhance performance. NCBA Bank Kenya, formed from a merger between NIC and CBA banks, undertook significant changes including system upgrades to unify operations. While the initial phase of system consolidation was smooth, the second phase encountered migration challenges, leading to penalties for customers. The study assessed the relationship between change management practices and organizational performance at NCBA Bank Plc, Kenya. The study focused on four main objectives: the effect of change planning, communication, employee participation, and knowledge sharing on organizational performance. It was guided by the McKinsey 7s Model, Kotter’s model, Kurt Lewin’s Model, and the theory of organizational performance. A descriptive research design was used with a sample of 257 employees from NCBA’s head office and 35 Nairobi branches, selected through stratified random sampling. Data collection involved questionnaires (79% response rate) and document review. Instrument reliability was confirmed with a Cronbach alpha of 0.765. Data were analyzed using SPSS through multiple regression and correlation analysis. The results indicated that without change management, NCBA’s performance declined (R=2.194, p>0.05). However, improvements in change planning (R=1.119, p<0.05), employee participation (R=0.269, p<0.05), and knowledge sharing (R=0.276, p>0.05) positively impacted performance. The study recommends exploring change management in other financial institutions such as insurance and mortgage firms