50157 research outputs found
Sort by
Grazer Linguistische Studien / Physiologie und Sprachwissenschaft.“De quoi est-ce que tout cela guérit?”
No full textThe work of medical scientists, especially physiologists,played a decisive role in the development of linguistic phonetics as anindependent discipline in the middle of the 19th century. Many of theconcepts and definitions developed at that time have remained validto this day and laid, moreover, the foundations for the study ofprinciples of phonology. For a long time, linguists felt strong reservationsabout this supposedly unrelated branch of research. Taking as astarting point the work of Ernst Brücke (from 1849), the article isdedicated to this 'natural' basis for the description of sounds and soundsystems and evaluates how Hugo Schuchardt in particularparticipated in this development. Together with the Graz physiologistA. Rollett, Schuchardt carried out phonetic experiments and later alsopalatographic studies on his own. By shedding light on this episode ofhis research, the picture of Schuchardt is enriched by a new facet ofempirical studies. His perspectives on phonetics, although neverleading to a specifically (experimental) phonetic publication, becomeclearer through the very detailed description and argumentation heprovides in this text. Some of the correspondence also illustratesSchuchardt's projects that were ultimately not realized or at least not published. From his reviewing activity, for example, can one gatherthat he actively participated not only in the phonetic discussion, butalso taking a sound-system point of view concerning principles of theemerging field of phonology
Yearbook of the Society for 18th Century Studies on South Eastern Europe / The Theme of Origins and the Uses of Antiquity in Dimitrie Cantemir’s Historical Discourse
No full textThe study examines the changing views on history and historiography Dimitrie Cantemir brought about by revisiting the theme of the Romanians’ origins. As a historian who was interested in erudite and critical historiography, Cantemir gave informational substance and a new meaning to this topic, upholding the idea of the Romanians’ pure Latin origins. The structure of the main work he wrote on this subject, entitled Chronicle of the Antiquity of the Romano-Moldavo-Wallachians (Hronicul a vechimii romano-moldo-vlahilor), reveals his historical perspective. He approached the issue of origins within the framework of ancient Roman history, which enabled him to also address the problem of the Romanians’ continuous habitation north of the Danube. The method he used was textual criticism. He highlighted opinions for and against his own ideas, yet his subjective viewpoint was quite clear. He raised the delicate problem, as he saw it, of the relation between historical subjectivism (“love for one’s homeland”) and an impartial stance on this topic, of great relevance for identity. Hence his interest in the historical method, in laying down the rules for approaching historical sources. In his reconstructive undertakings, which had their difficulties, considering the contradictory viewpoints of historians, Cantemir addressed the reader as a witness and an arbitrator, inviting him inside his working space. His openness to readers was a sign of his modernity as a writer who tried to position himself in the public sphere by writing
AmLit / Introduction: Queer Ruralisms
No full textThis special issue considers queer attachments to rural space in literature, which have often been obscured by privileging the urban in cultural depictions of queer lives. Queer studies scholarship has worked to overcome this urban bias to reveal the diversity of queer lives within rural environments. We make a new contribution to this research by exploring literary manifestations of queer ruralism in terms of narrative form and within the contexts of transmedial and transnational exchange. To illustrate these approaches, we introduce a range of recent works from the 2020s, with deep roots in American literary culture, that have contributed to the dissemination of queer rural texts. They have achieved this, first, by reframing characters' experiences within transnational contexts and, second, by engaging in cultural cross-pollination across diverse media. Here we focus on Genevieve Hudson's novel Boys of Alabama (2020), contemporary queer country music and music videos by Dixon Dallas, Willy Strokem, Tyler Childers, and Silas House, as well as literary precursors to these works in the fiction of JT LeRoy (Laura Albert) and Dorothy Allison. Across the work of these artists, negotiations across borders and media are used to explode the stereotypes and limiting roles associated with queer rural lives and to reinvent genres, such as the Southern Gothic or country music, in ways that centre non-normative sexual identities
AmLit / Class and Capital in LGBTQAppalachian Literature
No full textAppalachia has long been considered the "other" to the American "mainstream." However, the complexity of queer life in Appalachia is not limited to geography, but also relies upon class differences and an association with rural poverty. The intersection between queerness and socioeconomic status appears frequently in LGBTQ Appalachian literature, such as Julia Watts' Finding H.F., a young adult novel, as well as Fenton Johnson's novel Scissors, Paper, Rock and accompanying short story "Bad Habits." In these texts, being queer and a rural Appalachian is a struggle. This paper argues that the struggle is further complicated by issues of social standing and each character's lack or acquisition of Pierre Bourdieu's economic, social, and cultural forms of capital.Furthermore, this paper employs Jack Halberstam's theory of metronormativity to examine the urban/rural binary in these texts and the ways in which characters sometimes support but ultimately subvert the metronormative mindset, which privileges the urban over the rural by positing that queer individuals can find happiness only in the former. These Appalachian characters show that urban life does not always result in a happy ending for queer individuals and that remaining in the rural setting, despite challenges and heartaches, can be a valid choice
AmLit / “Be the red worm in the dirt. Be the honeysuckle on the vine”: Queer Southern Place-Making in A Dirty South Manifesto (2020)
No full textIn light of homonormative narratives that privilege the urban as a future place of freedom, A Dirty South Manifesto (2020) by L. H. Stallings represents the manifesto's function of disrupting hegemonic narratives in its reconfiguration of thinking futurity and its spatial dimensions for marginalized Southerners. I read Stallings's manifesto as employing a place-making practice that condemns moral authority and aims at dismantling narratives based on Christian white heteropatriarchy and settler colonialist chronotopic social orders. Queer narrative temporality is the pivotal point through which linear progress can be countered. The manifesto's case studies of sexual resistance in Southern hip-hop and activism create a queer archive of the South which merges artistic and political imaginations and rural and urban spaces into Southern places. A Dirty South Manifesto invalidates hegemonic linear progress narratives such as metronormative narratives and instead can be read to follow Judith Roof's call for story systems. By prioritizing long-form discourse and literacy while embracing "obscene" sexual expressions, the text aims at utopian radical reinterpretations of what it means to be situated in the South
Contemporary Southeastern Europe / Visual Memory and Identity: A Case Study of the Greek-Speaking Refugees from Sinasos, Anatolia
No full textWithin the context of the ‘visual turn’ images can no longer be considered as neutral artefactsbut as social constructs, closely connected with specific ‘regimes of truth’. As an integral partof ‘visual ideologies’, they function as ‘condensation symbols’ and ‘ideological markers,’ thatcould either support or question dominant narratives. Furthermore, in the case of refugeepopulations, images from the lost home/homeland, often but not exclusively combined witha discourse about loss, may have a significant impact on the construction of the group’s‘cultural memory’ and, ultimately, on the formation of their identities. These issues areaddressed through the example of the Greek-speaking refugees from Sinasos, Anatolia, whowere forced to flee their homeland in 1924 under the Lausanne Treaty for the CompulsoryExchange of Populations between Greece and Turkey. Before leaving, they organized a photoshoot of their hometown by two amateur photographers. Analysing the album that resultedfrom this endeavour, in combination with written sources and oral interviews, this articleexplores the socio-historical contexts of production of these images along with all theirsubsequent conceptualizations and uses from 1924 until the present day. As it turned out,these photos had an immense impact in shaping the collective memory of both the refugeesfrom Sinasos and their descendants
Contemporary Southeastern Europe / Image as a Propaganda Tool? Visual Representations ofthe ‘New Man’ in History Textbooks of the Socialist Era
No full textThis paper aims to analyze whether the images employed in national history textbooks inAlbania for the eight-year school under the socialist regime were used as a propagandatool to communicate the Party’s vision for the socialist transformation of society. It adoptsKress and Van Leuween’s visual socio-semiotic approach to examine the images in termsof their representational, interactive, and compositional meta-function. The findingsindicate that most of the images depict the “new socialist man,” who is willing to build upsocialism and defend the homeland; they have been represented close to the viewer, as thelatter belongs to the “new socialist society,” and the majority of the images place the “newman” in the center of the composition. Consequently, images in history textbooks servedthe state propaganda to manipulate and indoctrinate the young generation
Studia linguistica romanica / Los corpus digitales en el proyecto DiacOralEs : Digital corpora in the DiacOralEs project
No full textThe DiacOralEs project, running from 2022 to 2026, examines various aspects of the discursive-traditional characterization of Spanish across different periods, with special emphasis on the influence of other languages through translation. To this end, digital corpora such as CorDisDial (dialogues) and EHA-PRESTUS (press) are developed. These corpora are designed according to an approach that aims to address some limitations of corpus linguistics, enabling the exploitation of empirical text material in a way that integrates modern technological tools with the strengths of traditional philological methods, which still remain essential for interpreting speaker behavior and analyzing potential influencing factors
Curiosity and Commitment : Perspectives on the Transformation of European Universities / Impact – Dirty Word or Salvation of the Humanities?
No full textAnwendungsorientierte Forschung, deren Themen von Förderorganisationen, politischen Akteuren oder Lobbygruppen vorgegeben wird, gewinnt immer mehr an Bedeutung. Im Kern geht es dabei um die Bewältigung drängender Fragen unserer Zeit, zum Beispiel in den Ausschreibungen zu gesellschaftlichen Herausforderungen innerhalb des Horizon2020-Programms der Europäischen Union. Dieser Fokus auf Relevanz und Wirkung wird jedoch oft als Bedrohung für die von intellektueller Neugierde getriebene Forschung gesehen und untergräbt oder delegitimiert diese sogar. Dieser Beitrag will zeigen, dass dies eine falsche Dichotomie ist, und untersucht spezifische Herausforderungen und Chancen der Impact-Debatte für die Geisteswissenschaften. Er erörtert einige wichtige problematische Merkmale des Impact-Konzepts für die Geisteswissenschaften und gibt Empfehlungen, wie diesen begegnet werden könnte. Er veranschaulicht diese Punkte anhand ausgewählter Beispiele aus den Impact-Fallstudien des britischen Research Excellence Framework 2014.Agenda driven research, with topics defined by funding agencies, political actors or lobby groups, is constantly gaining in importance. At its core is the commitment to tackling pressing issues of our time, for example in the societal challenges calls of the Horizon2020 programme of the European Union. This focus on relevance and impact, however, is often seen as a threat to curiosity driven research, undermining or even delegitimising it. This contribution will argue that this is a false dichotomy and will explore the specific challenges and opportunities of the impact debate for the Humanities. After outlining some major problematic features of the impact concept for the Humanities it makes recommendations how these might be addressed. It further illustrates its points with reference to selected examples of the UK’s 2014 Research Excellence Framework impact case studies
Curiosity and Commitment : Perspectives on the Transformation of European Universities / Was Everything Better in the Past? : The Situation of the Universities in Finland
No full textDie Studentenbewegung, die im Jahre 1968 stattfand, hatte vielleicht keinen unmittelbaren Einfluss auf die finnischen Universitäten, die dauerhaften Folgen wurden aber bedeutend. Seitdem wurden mit der Zeit etliche Reformen durchgeführt. Wichtig werden in diesem Artikel Themen so wie „Wie war es in den 1970ern an Universitäten in Finnland zu arbeiten und zu studieren?“, „Was hat sich bis heute geändert?“, „Was sind die Folgen der Änderungen, und wie gehen wir damit um?“ oder „Wie sah der Prozess der Auswahl der änderungsbedürftigen Praxen aus?“ Interviews und Fragebögen liegen meiner kulturanalytischen narratologischen Untersuchung zu Grunde und sie will die Veränderungen auf verschiedenen Ebenen aufdecken. Gleichzeitig will sie auch demonstrieren, dass viele Aspekte des Universitätslebens doch unverändert blieben. Waren die Veränderungen für Gedeih oder Verderb?The 1968 student movement may have had little immediate impact on Finnish universities, yet its long-term effects were profound. Since then, quite a few reforms have been introduced in quick succession. In this article topics such as “What were the 1970s like for staff and students and Finnish universities?”, “What has changed until today?”, “What are the consequences of the differences, and how do we deal with them?”, or “What was the selection process like?” are central questions to be answered. Drawing on interviews and questionnaires and employing a cultural-analytical narratological approach, my presentation seeks to uncover the changes that have taken place at different levels, while it will also demonstrate that many aspects of university life remain un-changed. Were the changes for better or for worse