International Journal of Plant & Soil Science
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Response of Foliar Application of Different Organic Liquid Formulation on Yield of Black Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
No full textA present investigation was carried out during the Kharif Season of 2024-2025 at Himalayan University farm, Jullang, Itanagar, to determine the response of Foliar Application of Different Organic Liquid Formulation on Yield of Black Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) The experiment was outlined in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with nine treatments and Three Replication. The treatment included combination jeevamrut, Panchgavy and liquid bio- fertilizer. The study recorded significance difference among treatments in terms of Seed Yield, Number of capsule and Harvest Index. The result revealed that the treatment T4 (Foliar Spray Jeevamrut @ 2.5% + Foliar Spray Panchgavya @ 5% ) was found to be best treatment for obtaining maximum Seed yield this indicating the combined effect of jeevamrut fertilizer on black sesame
Optimizing Taro Profitability in Kenya: Watering Regimes, Planting Densities, and Economic Returns
No full textAims: Assessing the economic feasibility of varying irrigation levels and planting densities offers essential insights for farmers, facilitating more informed decision-making. An on-farm experiment evaluated the financial returns of taro (Colocasia esculenta) production under different watering regimes and planting densities across three cropping seasons (2021- 2022). The watering regimes applied were 100%, 60%, and 30% of field capacity (FC), while planting densities were 0.5 m × 0.5 m (40,000 plants ha⁻¹), 1 m × 0.5 m (20,000 plants ha⁻¹), and 1 m × 1 m (10,000 plants ha⁻¹), representing high, medium, and low densities.
Study Design and Methodology: The study employed a split-plot factorial design within a completely randomized block design with three replications.
Results: The net benefits realized under 100% FC for each planting density were 1 m × 1 m (USD 7183), 1 m × 0.5 m (USD 3407), and 0.5 m × 0.5 m (USD 1138). The net benefits from the 60% FC were 1 m × 1 m (USD 2048), 1 m × 0.5 m (USD 3258), and 0.5 m × 0.5 m (USD 7210), and those attained under the 30% FC were 1 m × 1 m (USD 1658), 1 m × 0.5 m (USD 3928), and 0.5 m × 0.5 m (USD 5950).
Conclusion: Marginal analysis identified the 100% FC with 1 m × 1 m spacing as the most financially viable option in Embu County. It offers the highest net benefit (USD 7183), a benefit-cost ratio of 21.11, and a marginal rate of return above 100%
Evaluation of Transgenic Pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. cv. Manak] Plants Over-Expressing OsLecRLK Gene for Salt Stress Tolerance Through Physio-Biochemical Analysis
No full textAim: Abiotic stresses especially salinity and drought affect the yield of crops worldwide. The yield achieved on farmer fields and the potential yield differ significantly. Reduced agricultural yields are the result of salt stress\u27s effects on important processes like photosynthesis, protein and lipid metabolism, and more.
Study Design: CRD (Completely Randomized Design) and three replications for each parameter.
Place and Duration of Study: The studies were carried out in the Department of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana.
Methodology: In the present research, transgenic pigeon pea (cv. Manak) plants were evaluated for the efficacy of OsLecRLK gene in salt stress tolerance. Physio-biochemical analysis was done to assess the efficacy of transgene via subjecting wild type and selected T1 transgenic plants to 75 mM salt stress. Treatments, genotypes and interaction between treatments and genotypes were compared using critical difference (CD) at 5% level of significance with OPSTAT programme.
Results: The transgenic line outperformed the wild type plants in terms of sustaining higher levels of proline, total soluble sugar, chlorophyll, relative water, peroxidase, and catalase. Additionally, transgenic lines showed a considerably lower MDA level and membrane injury index than wild type plants, suggesting that they were less susceptible to salt stress.
Conclusion: L-19 outscored all other transgenic lines in every parameter examined, and it can be used to create transgenic pigeon pea plants that can withstand salt stress. Transgenic lines carrying single copy of gene performed better in comparison to lines carrying two copies of gene followed by wild type
Effect of Green Manuring, Jeevamrut and Ghan-jeevamrut on Growth, Yield, Quality and Economics of Banana cv. Grand Naine
No full textThe present investigation was conducted during the year 2023-24 and 2024-25 at Horticulture farm, College of Horticulture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with seven treatments and three replications. The treatment consists of single, double and triple green manuring of dhaincha and sunhemp with Ghanjeevamrut applied as a basal dose per pit as per treatment 160, 240 and 320 g/plant, Jeevamrut 160, 240 and 320 ml/plant were applied to the plant in every 21 days interval. The higher value of fruit yield (90.73 t/ha), number of fingers per hand (17.51), weight of finger (161.01 gram), ascorbic acid (4.53 mg/100 g pulp) were recorded significantly with triple green manuring by dhaincha + ghanjeevamrut 160 g/plant + soil application of jeevamrut 160 ml/plant at sowing & every 21 days interval and the highest plant height (194.81 cm) and net realization (514186 Rs/ha) with benefit cost ratio (1.91) were significantly found with RDF [FYM: 10 kg/plant, NPK: 300:100:200 g/plant/year]. While minimum days required for shooting was found non-significant result
Genetic Variability Studies for Yield and Yield Contributing Traits in Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)
No full textLinseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) ranks as one of the most important Rabi oilseed crops, following rapeseed and mustard. Linseed is rich in omega-3 fatty acids and ALA, beneficial for heart health, and used for linen and oil production. The present investigation was undertaken to assess genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for yield and its contributing traits in linseed. A total of 36 genotypes were evaluated at the Oilseeds Research Station, College of Agriculture, Latur during Rabi 2024–2025 using a randomized block design with two replications. The trial was sown on November 23, 2024, at a spacing of 30 × 5 cm. The genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) exhibited a range from low to high values, with the lowest GCV and PCV observed for traits such as oil content, days to maturity, 1000-seed weight, number of seeds per capsule, and harvest index. In contrast, the highest GCV and PCV values were recorded for seed yield per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of branches per plant, plant height, and days to 50% flowering. All traits demonstrated high heritability, with the highest values for number of capsules per plant, number of branches per plant, plant height, seed yield per plant, and days to 50% flowering. These findings suggest the predominance of additive genetic effects for these traits. Therefore, these characteristics are promising targets for direct selection in breeding programs. In conclusion, the genotypes under study exhibit considerable genetic variability for yield and related traits, offering substantial potential for improvement in future breeding efforts
Combined Application of Zinc-Based Fertilizers and Biofertilizers Enhances Soil Fertility in Alkaline Soils of Uttar Pradesh, India
No full textSoil fertility is a cornerstone of sustainable agricultural productivity, particularly in regions where edaphic constraints limit crop performance. The integrated use of zinc-based fertilizers and biofertilizers offers a promising approach to address the dual challenges of micronutrient deficiency and declining soil health in alkaline soils. The study aims to evaluate the effect of zinc-based fertilizers and zinc-mobilizing biofertilizer on soil fertility under silty loam soil conditions. The field experiment was conducted during the 2022 Kharif season at the Student Instructional Farm, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, India. The study involved eight treatments, including various combinations of recommended fertilizer dose (RDF), zinc sulphate, zinc oxide, and zinc-mobilizing bacteria (ZMB), arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The results showed that the combined use of RDF with 5.0 kg ha⁻¹ zinc sulphate and ZMB significantly enhanced soil fertility indices, including pH, organic carbon, and available macro- and micronutrients. The application of RDF (100%) + 5.0 Zn ha⁻¹ (zinc sulphate) + biofertilizer (ZMB) recorded the highest nutrient availability (N, P, K) in the soil during post-harvest analysis
Impact of Post-harvest Chemical Dipping Treatments on Quality Parameters of Banana (Musa spp.) cv. Poovan (AAB)
No full textAims: To assess the efficacy of shelf life and quality of banana cv. Poovan.Study Design: Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six treatments and three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: Fruit Science Laboratory, SRM College of Agricultural Sciences, Baburayanpettai from 2023 to 2025.
Methodology: Post-harvest chemical dipping treatments using kojic acid (0.5% and 1%) and calcium lactate (1%) were applied individually and in combination. The observations to be recorded TSS, Titratable acidity, firmness, Total sugars, Reducing Sugars, Non-reducing sugars, fruit weight, PLW, and shelf life. The statistical analysis used by OPSTAT and significant differences at p = 0.05.
Results: Treatment T₅ (1% kojic acid + 1% calcium lactate) shows the best performing traits, such as highest TSS, lowest acidity, good firmness, and shelf life.
Conclusion: It is concluded that the treatment T₅ (1% kojic acid + 1% calcium lactate) extends the banana shelf life and minimizes post-harvest losses. So, this research paper is highly useful for farmers for transporting bananas over long distances and is recommended for highly perishable fruit commodities
Genetic Diversity for Grain Yield and Its Attributed Traits in Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]
No full textGrain legumes are a wonderful gift from nature and serve as a significant complement to a diet primarily along with cereals. In India, blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] is a significant legume crop that is widely cultivated. It is one of the most abundant sources of protein, minerals and vitamins. An essential aspect for this crop\u27s genetic improvement is the study of genetic diversity. The present study explores about genetic diversity for grain Yield and its attributed Traits in Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]. The investigation was conducted during kharif-2024 in the Field Experimentation Centre of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding to examine 21 blackgram genotypes. The objective was to assess the direct and indirect contributions of different variables on blackgram seed yield, as well as genetic variability and character associations. The experiment was laid out in an randomised complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. High genetic diversity was demonstrated by the significant differences found between genotypes for every variable. High genetic progress and high heritability were seen in biological yield, harvest index, seed yield per plant, and number of major branches, suggesting that direct selection may improve these traits and that additive gene action largely controls them. At both the genotypic and phenotypic levels, correlation analysis showed a strong positive relationship between seed yield per plant and harvest index, seed index, pod length, number of major branches, and number of pods per plant. Seed index and harvest index had the most positive direct influence on seed yield, followed by pod length and number of primary branches, according to path coefficient analysis. According to the study, these characteristics are essential selection criteria for enhancing blackgram breeding programs\u27 seed yield. Top-performing genotypes were identified as IC-330861, IC-330885, IC-426495, IC-385718, and SHEKAR-2, which had a high potential for seed yield with desired yield-contributing features. These genotypes are recommended for future hybridization projects that aim to combine advantageous traits to produce stable and high-yielding blackgram cultivars. All things considered, the study provides a precise genetic basis for wise parent choice and effective selection strategies in programs aimed at improving blackgram
Response of Organic and Natural Farming Management Practices on Productivity and Profitability of Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]
No full textThe effects of different nutrition viz., organic, natural and their combinations were studied in okra for productivity and profitability analysis. Field experiments were conducted at Research Farm of the School of Organic Farming, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana for three years from 2019-2021. The experiment was comprised of different nutritional treatments viz., T1- 100% recommended N (nitrogen) from Farm yard manure (FYM), T2- natural farming (NF) practices, T3- 100% N from FYM + NF practices, T4-75% N from FYM + 25% N from vermicompost and T5- unfertilized control in main plots involving two sub-plots with paddy straw mulching (S2) and without mulching (S1) treatment following split plot design with three replications. Results revealed that maximum average plant height (81.23 cm), pod length (11.23 cm), no of branches per plant (8.43) and yield (96.04 q/ha) were recorded in T3 treatment involving combination of organic and natural farming practices whereas the minimum values were observed in T5 (unfertilized control) treatment. Results also showed that in subplots maximum average plant height (71.21 cm), pod length (10.87cm), no of branches per plant (7.66), TSS (6.50°Brix) and yield were recorded in S2 treatment (paddy straw mulching) than S1 treatment (without mulching). Overall, on the basis of economic perspective highest benefit cost ratio were obtained with FYM in main nutrition plots and with paddy straw mulch in sub plots
Influence of Different Microbial Strains and Their Consortia on Yield and Nutrient Uptake in Soybean Grown on Vertisol
No full textThe present field experiment was undertaken at Research Farm, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani during kharif season of 2023. Ten different treatment combinations were used in the experiment which included different microbial cultures and their consortia i.e Rhizobium spp. + Bacillus megaterium (Consortia -I), Rhizobium spp. + Frateuria aurantia (Consortia-II), Rhizobium spp. + Thiobacillus thioxidans (Consortia-III), Rhizobium spp. + Pseudomonas strita (Consortia-IⅤ), Rhizobium spp. + Bacillus megaterium + Frateuria aurantia (Consortia-Ⅴ), Rhizobium spp. + Bacillus megaterium + Thiobacillus thioxidans (Consortia- ⅤI), Rhizobium spp. + Bacillus megaterium + Pseudomonas strita (Consortia- ⅤII) and control replicated thrice in RBD (Randomized Block Design). Seed treatment of soybean was done with microbial consortia @ 10 ml kg -1 seed before sowing with recommended dose of fertilizers. Among all the treatments, Rhizobium spp. + Bacillus megaterium + Frateuria aurantia (Consortia- Ⅴ) higher seed and straw yield of soybean (1863.26 and 2999.84 kg ha -1 respectively). Furthermore, total uptake of NPK was found significantly higher (130.65, 24.71 and 57.81 kg ha -1) with consortia -V. Study concludes that recommended dose of fertilizers with microbial consortia helped in improving yield and nutrient content in plants and seeds of soybean grown in Vertisol. It emphasises the use of microbial inoculants—which are economical and environmentally friendly than synthetic fertilisers, which have detrimental effects on the soil and environment, this research is significant for sustainable agriculture