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Unidentified Military Personnel
No full textPostcard: Portrait of unidentified military personnel. Photograph printed as postcard. Undated.https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/eartha_images/1893/thumbnail.jp
Investigation of the segment polarity network in the tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris
Get PDFSegmentation has facilitated the evolution of the many forms of the panarthropods. Downstream regulation of segmentation is controlled by the highly conserved segment polarity network which includes the genes engrailed (en), hedgehog (hh), wingless (wg), cubitus interruptus (ci), patched (ptc), and smoothend (smo). While a high level of conservation has been seen in both the arthropods and onychophorans, only en has been described in any representatives of Tardigrada. Previous work had already established the loss of wg, which encodes for a Wnt ligand, in the tardigrade H. exemplaris. However, two other Wnt genes -Wnt4 and Wnt16B- were identified in H. exemplaris that could have a segment polarity function . To investigate segmentation in tardigrades we analyzed the patterns of the genes engrailed (en), hedgehog (hh), cubitus interruptus (ci), patched (ptc), smoothened (smo), Wnt4 and Wnt16B in H. exemplaris using Hybridization chain reaction (HCR) in situ. Only en was expressed in a repeated pattern before segments were present. En and ci were expressed in a segmental pattern after segment boundaries are present, and en, hh, and ci were also expressed in the developing limbs. Ptc was most strongly expressed in the cells at the anterior and posterior trunk boundaries, and later ubiquitously at the limb bud stage. Smo expression was not seen. Wnt4 and Wnt16B were not expressed like wg is expressed in other panarthropods. We conclude that features of the segment polarity network are conserved in Tardigrada, and that En, Ci, and Hh may help pattern segments and appendages in tardigrades. We also conclude that the cells secreting and receiving the signals of the Hh and Wnt pathways to pattern each segment in other panarthropods are not conserved in Tardigrada
Low English Proficiency in the United States Associated with Reduced Healthcare Access Under the Affordable Care Act
Get PDFBackground:
From 2014-2018, the US Census Bureau reported that 8.3 percent of Americans had limited English proficiency (LEP), defined as speaking English less than very well. Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) ensures meaningful access to care for individuals with LEP.
Purpose:
This research aims to identify the current relationship between LEP and healthcare access.
Methods:
Data used in this study were obtained from electronic files from the 2019 Full Year Consolidated File of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, or MEPS. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between insurance coverage and whether an individual speaks another language at home, was born in the USA, their sex, whether they could afford medical care, their ethnicity, their poverty category, and how well they speak English.
Results:
A total of 21,722 participants were included in the analysis. A total of 5,274 participants spoke another language, other than English, at home and were therefore asked to self-report on their LEP, with 27.7 percent reporting LEP. When controlling for all other variables, Hispanic/Latino individuals in the same had 2.7 times higher odds of being uninsured (95% CI 2.342-3.12) compared to non-Hispanic/Latino individuals, p \u3c 0.001. Those not born in the U.S. had 1.45 times higher odds of not being insured (95% CI 1.259-1.667) versus those born in the U.S., p \u3c 0.001. Those who spoke another language at home had 1.59 times higher odds for being uninsured (95% CI 1.344-1.88) than those who only spoke English, p \u3c 0.001.
Discussion:
In the initial years of ACA’s implementation, the racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare access were significantly reduced. Still, however, all of the disparities have not been erased
Letter From the Special Issue Editor
Get PDFIn the midst of the final drafting of the 2024 CACREP standards, this special issue is designed to call attention to the important role of sexuality across the CACREP specialty areas. Voices from across the counseling community have come together to create this special issue. Their contributions and perspective are shared here
Unidentified Relative of Eartha M.M. White
No full textPhotograph: Unidentified relative of Eartha White. Undated.https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/eartha_images/1055/thumbnail.jp
Stanton School Children
No full textPhotograph: Group of Stanton School children. Undated - 188-?https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/eartha_images/1050/thumbnail.jp