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On the formation enthalpies and bandgaps of linear, cyclic and cubic neutral sodium chloride clusters (NaCl)<sub>n</sub>, n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10
Get PDFToward understanding the communication in sperm whales
Get PDFMachine learning has been advancing dramatically over the past decade. Most strides are human-based applications due to the availability of large-scale datasets; however, opportunities are ripe to apply this technology to more deeply understand non-human communication. We detail a scientific roadmap for advancing the understanding of communication of whales that can be built further upon as a template to decipher other forms of animal and non-human communication. Sperm whales, with their highly developed neuroanatomical features, cognitive abilities, social structures, and discrete click-based encoding make for an excellent model for advanced tools that can be applied to other animals in the future. We outline the key elements required for the collection and processing of massive datasets, detecting basic communication units and language-like higher-level structures, and validating models through interactive playback experiments. The technological capabilities developed by such an undertaking hold potential for cross-applications in broader communities investigating non-human communication and behavioral research
Elegy, Form, and the Inorganic: Geoffrey Hill, Paul Celan, Ice
Get PDFThis essay considers the problematic presence of the inanimate in elegiac form. Focusing on Geoffrey Hill (1932–2016) as translator/elegist of Paul Celan (1920–1970), this essay argues that Hill's poetry responds to the challenge of addressing the nonliving by way of Celan's own poetics of the inanimate. This doubled incorporation of the inanimate puts under pressure concepts of poetic form and of reading that are structured by organic animation. Hill's poems emerge as structured by a principle of inorganic production that finds its aesthetic paradigm in Kant's concept of "crystallization." Reading the emergence of nonorganic processes from organic spaces in Hill's work, the reemergence of a postindustrial pastoral in elegiac form, and the translation of the crystal-image of ice from Celan's poetry into Hill's own, this essay addresses the possibility of thinking form as a nonorganic process in elegy, and of thinking an elegiac poetics of form
Review of Keagan Brewer and James H. Kane, eds, The Conquest of the Holy Land by Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn: A Critical Edition and Translation of the Anonymous Libellus de Expugnatione Terrae Sanctae per Saladinum
No full textThe two faces of biopolitical theory: Genealogies and current approaches
No full textEmerging out of the theoretical and practical urge to reflect on key contemporary debates arising in biopolitical scholarship, this timely book launches an in-depth investigation into the concept and history of biopolitics. In light of tumultuous political dynamics across the globe and new developments in this continually evolving field, the book reconsiders and expands upon Michel Foucault’s input to biopolitical studies
Agent-based Modelling of Bitcoin Consensus without Block Rewards
Get PDFTrust is key to the efficient functioning of any fiat or crypto-currency and so is for the consensus algorithm behind the functioning of blockchain systems. By an arbitrary design choice, Bitcoin and most Proof-of- Work (PoW) blockchains have a limited supply. Once block rewards vanish, only transaction fees will remain as an incentive for miners to partake in the verification process. In this paper, we analyse the impact that miners bargaining over block composition has on consensus in the absence of block rewards: in this situation, competing blocks at the same height may be more attractive to peers by including less transactions (i.e. sharing the mempool). The mining and acceptance of blocks can be modelled as an Ulti-matum Game, where miners' strategies represent their fairness sentiment. Extending previous Literature, our study focuses on the effect of the transaction arrival rate on global consensus in the system and whether local consensus is formed under certain assumptions about the strategies of miners. We find that consensus is threatened when the supply of transactions is low and stable consensus only emerges when the amount of unconfirmed transactions remains sufficient. In addition, when miners are set with randomised strategies, it is more difficult for the system to achieve consensus. Our research suggests that transitioning from a block reward incentive to a transaction fee incentive may weaken and even destroy the consensus of PoW-based systems
Margaret van Eyck, a House called ‘the Wild Sea’ and Jan van Eyck’s posthumous Workshop
Get PDFUnderstanding of the transition in painting in Bruges between the death of Jan van Eyck in 1441 and the early career of Petrus Christus has been hampered by uncertainty about the size, location and fate of Van Eyck's workshop, which some scholars argue was continued by his widow, Margaret. Reassessment of the evidence suggests a new terminus ante quem for its closure. A Margaret sHeex (Margaret van Eyck) who owned a house in Bruges, and who was still living in Bruges in 1456, was evidently misidentified by the nineteenth-century scholar W.H. James Weale as Van Eyck’s wife Margaret. Instead, Van Eyck’s wife probably died before 1450/51, and the Van Eyck family probably owned only one house in Bruges, which was the location of Van Eyck’s workshop. That house changed hands in spring 1444, providing a new terminus ante quem for the workshop’s closure and for the liquidation of the unfinished stock
Paul Celan
No full textA chapter explaining the relationship between German poet Paul Celan and Maurice Blanchot, in the 'Dictionnaire Maurice Blanchot' (French)
