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A Comparison of the Reactivity of the Lattice Nitrogen in Tungsten Substituted Co3Mo3N and Ni2Mo3N
Get PDFThe effect of the partial substitution of Mo with W in Co3Mo3N and Ni2Mo3N on ammonia synthesis activity and lattice nitrogen reactivity has been investigated. This is of interest as the coordination environment of lattice N is changed by this process. When tungsten was introduced into the metal nitrides by substitution of Mo atoms, the catalytic performance was observed to have decreased. As expected, Co3Mo3N was reduced to Co6Mo6N under a 3:1 ratio of H2/Ar. Co3Mo2.6W0.4N was also shown to lose a large percentage of lattice nitrogen under these conditions. The bulk lattice nitrogen in Ni2Mo3N and Ni2Mo2.8W0.2N was unreactive, demonstrating that substitution with tungsten does not have a significant effect on lattice N reactivity. Computational calculations reveal that the vacancy formation energy for Ni2Mo3N is more endothermic than Co3Mo3N. Furthermore, calculations suggest that the inclusion of W does not have a substantial impact on the surface N vacancy formation energy or the N2 adsorption and activation at the vacancy site
In dialogue: responses to papal communication
Get PDFThis essay examines responses to papal communication in Latin Christendom principally between the years 1100 and 1400. It introduces seven multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary articles in a special issue of the Journal of Medieval History on this topic, while also exploring further examples that reveal the range of responses to papal communication and the significance of these responses. It emphasises the ways in which papal communication was tied to
papal authority, the importance of examining the wider context and life cycle of papal communication, and it considers some of the methodological challenges that this topic poses
Establecer criterios para evaluar la interacción oral: desde la pedagogía de los géneros discursivos a la práctica en el aula
Get PDFTraditionally, assessment criteria for spoken genres have neglected their monologic or dialogic characteristics and have been unspecific on interactional skills. Previous research indicatesthat learners do not distinguish the specific requirements of an oral interaction task. In this article, we start with genre-based pedagogy and apply it to spoken interactional genres, proposing guidelinesfor establishing assessment criteria based on discourse genre families. Our aim is twofold: on the one hand, to provide teachers with guidelines thatfacilitatethe creation of specific assessment criteria based on genres of the same discourse family. On the other hand, to highlight specific assessment criteria for spoken interaction toenable students to guide their learning of the features and resources of interaction
Sharing norms and negotiations across cultures: Experimental interactions within and between Egypt and Germany
Get PDFSmart City Digital Twins: Overview of Implementation Challenges and Recommendations for Citizens Training
No full textA Digital Twin (DT) is a digital replica of an artefact which is updated on real-time or semi–real-time basis. In 2017, Gartner listed DT as one of the top 10 emerging technologies of the year. Since then, there have been numerous attempts to develop architecture and reference models for DTs, and in some studies, DT construction for real-world case studies is reported. This chapter attempts to provide a contextualised background on DT for smart cities. It also discusses various stakeholders involved in devising and/or employing DTs in a smart city. The chapter concludes with a set of recommendations for the training requirements of final DT users
The anti-money laundering risk assessment: A probabilistic approach
Get PDFSince the 1980s, researchers and practitioners examining the vulnerabilities of financial institutions to money
laundering risk have offered some insights on how experts conduct anti-money laundering risk assessments.
A common theme in the risk assessment literature is the emphasis on box-ticking rather than exercising
judgment case-by-case, which has influenced our consideration of whether experts in this domain are immune
to cognitive biases that novices can be vulnerable to during risk assessment. We found that both experts and
novices were overconfident about their distribution judgments and this effect was slightly more pronounced
in the expert group. One manifestation of the overconfidence effect in both groups was the preference for
false-positive over false-negative errors. Notably, novice participants slightly outperformed expert participants
in the proportion of correct outcomes. A feedback mechanism that is effective at alleviating biases, improving
processes, and resultant judgment accuracy may be valuable to experts in this domain
